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Questions and Answers
Linked lists can grow or shrink dynamically as memory allocation is done at ______.
Linked lists can grow or shrink dynamically as memory allocation is done at ______.
runtime
Unlike arrays, linked lists do not allow direct access to elements by ______.
Unlike arrays, linked lists do not allow direct access to elements by ______.
index
Removing a node from a linked list requires adjusting the pointers of the neighboring nodes to bridge the gap left by the deleted ______.
Removing a node from a linked list requires adjusting the pointers of the neighboring nodes to bridge the gap left by the deleted ______.
node
Extra memory is required for linked lists to store ______, compared to arrays.
Extra memory is required for linked lists to store ______, compared to arrays.
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Searching for a specific value in a linked list involves traversing the list from the ______ node.
Searching for a specific value in a linked list involves traversing the list from the ______ node.
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The ______ class contains attributes such as element and next.
The ______ class contains attributes such as element and next.
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In the Node class, the next attribute is a reference to the next ______.
In the Node class, the next attribute is a reference to the next ______.
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The Linkedlist class has a head pointer that is initially set to ______.
The Linkedlist class has a head pointer that is initially set to ______.
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The isEmpty function checks if the head is equal to ______.
The isEmpty function checks if the head is equal to ______.
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To insert a node at the beginning of a Linked List, we need to make the new node point at the ______.
To insert a node at the beginning of a Linked List, we need to make the new node point at the ______.
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To insert a node in its order, we first need to locate the node preceding the ______.
To insert a node in its order, we first need to locate the node preceding the ______.
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When inserting a new node, we make it point to the node after the ______.
When inserting a new node, we make it point to the node after the ______.
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The Node class constructor initializes data to 0 and next to ______.
The Node class constructor initializes data to 0 and next to ______.
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A linked list is a linear data structure that stores a collection of data elements __________.
A linked list is a linear data structure that stores a collection of data elements __________.
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Each node in a linked list consists of two fields: data and a __________.
Each node in a linked list consists of two fields: data and a __________.
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The first node in a linked list is accessed through the __________ node.
The first node in a linked list is accessed through the __________ node.
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In a singly linked list, each node contains a reference to the next node, allowing traversal in a __________ direction.
In a singly linked list, each node contains a reference to the next node, allowing traversal in a __________ direction.
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In a doubly linked list, each node contains references to both the next and __________ nodes.
In a doubly linked list, each node contains references to both the next and __________ nodes.
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The last node in a circular linked list points back to the __________ node.
The last node in a circular linked list points back to the __________ node.
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A __________ linked list allows for easy addition of new links.
A __________ linked list allows for easy addition of new links.
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In a linked list, if a node is the last one, it contains __________ in its pointer field.
In a linked list, if a node is the last one, it contains __________ in its pointer field.
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Make the node pointed to by current point to the ______ node
Make the node pointed to by current point to the ______ node
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If the list is empty, the new node's next should be set to ______
If the list is empty, the new node's next should be set to ______
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To delete an element from the beginning, head points to the first ______ in the linked list
To delete an element from the beginning, head points to the first ______ in the linked list
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When deleting the first node, the head needs to point to the ______ node
When deleting the first node, the head needs to point to the ______ node
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The function count returns the ______ of the linked list
The function count returns the ______ of the linked list
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To access the first element, you check if head is ______
To access the first element, you check if head is ______
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In a deletion function, the current variable is used to traverse the ______
In a deletion function, the current variable is used to traverse the ______
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Inserting a node in its order requires comparing ______ values
Inserting a node in its order requires comparing ______ values
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Study Notes
Linked Lists
- A linked list is a linear data structure that dynamically stores data elements.
- It's built from connected nodes.
- Each node contains data and a pointer (or link) to the next node.
- Nodes represent data elements.
- Links connect successive nodes.
- Each node has two fields: data and a pointer to the next node.
- The last node has a null value in its next pointer field.
- Linked lists adapt in size (grow/shrink) as required.
Accessing a Linked List
- Accessed via the head node.
- The head node points to the first node.
- The last node points to NULL (end of list).
- The last node is called the tail node.
- A node's structure typically includes:
- Data: The actual data value of the node.
- Next Pointer: The memory address (reference) of the next node.
Properties of Linked Lists
- Elements scattered in memory.
Operations on Linked Lists
- Insertion: Adds new nodes (or links) by adjusting existing pointers to maintain order. Insertion points include beginning, end, and any position.
- Deletion: Removes nodes by adjusting neighbors' pointers, bridging the gap. Deletion points include beginning, end, and any position.
- Searching: Finds a specific value by sequentially traversing the list, starting at the head node.
Types of Linked Lists
- Singly linked list: Each node references only the next node in the sequence. Traversal is unidirectional (forward only).
- Doubly linked list: Each node references both the next and previous nodes. Traversal is bidirectional (forward and backward).
- Circular linked list: Last node points back to the head node, forming a circular structure. It can be singly or doubly linked.
Advantages of Linked Lists
- Dynamic Size: Can grow or shrink at runtime.
- Insertion/Deletion: Adding or removing elements is efficient (especially for large lists).
- Flexibility: Reorganization and modification are easy without needing contiguous memory.
Disadvantages of Linked Lists
- Linear Access: Element access is not direct via index; traversal is necessary.
- Extra Memory: Pointers require additional memory compared to arrays.
Node Class Attributes
- element: Holds the actual data.
- next: References the next node.
Linked List Class
- head: Pointer to the first node (acts as the list's starting point).
- isEmpty(): Checks if the linked list is empty (head is NULL).
- isFull(): Checks if the node allocation is possible (new Node returns a valid pointer).
Inserting a Node
- Beginning: Make the new node point to the existing head, make the new node the head.
- Specific Position: Locate the node preceding the insertion point. Make the new node point to the node after the insertion point. Make the preceeding node point to the new node.
- End: Locate the last node, update the last node's next pointer to point to the new node. Make the new node's next pointer NULL.
Deleting a Node
- Beginning: Point the head to the second node, delete the original first node.
- Interior: Traverse the list to find the node preceding the one to be deleted. Update the preceding node's next pointer to bypass the node to be deleted.
- End: Traverse to the second-to-last node. Update it's next pointer to NULL. Delete the original last node.
Finding the Size of a List
- Traverse the list, incrementing a counter with each node encountered.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of linked lists, a dynamic linear data structure made up of connected nodes. It explains their properties, how to access them, and common operations performed, such as insertion and traversal. Perfect for anyone studying data structures in computer science.
