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Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic of eosinophils when stained?
What is the characteristic of eosinophils when stained?
What is the primary function of eosinophils in the body?
What is the primary function of eosinophils in the body?
What is eosinophilia?
What is eosinophilia?
What is unique about the granules of eosinophils?
What is unique about the granules of eosinophils?
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What is the approximate percentage of circulating leukocytes that eosinophils make up?
What is the approximate percentage of circulating leukocytes that eosinophils make up?
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What happens to the eosinophil count in individuals infected with parasites?
What happens to the eosinophil count in individuals infected with parasites?
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How do eosinophils attack parasites?
How do eosinophils attack parasites?
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What is a characteristic of eosinophils compared to neutrophils?
What is a characteristic of eosinophils compared to neutrophils?
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What is the color of the granules in Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils when stained with eosin?
What is the color of the granules in Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils when stained with eosin?
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What is the shape of the nucleus in Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
What is the shape of the nucleus in Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
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What is the diameter of Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
What is the diameter of Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
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What type of granules do Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils have?
What type of granules do Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils have?
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What is the function of Colony Stimulating Factors (CSF) in leukopoiesis?
What is the function of Colony Stimulating Factors (CSF) in leukopoiesis?
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Which of the following types of leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm?
Which of the following types of leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm?
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What type of leukocyte is Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
What type of leukocyte is Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils?
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Which of the following factors is NOT involved in leukopoiesis?
Which of the following factors is NOT involved in leukopoiesis?
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What is the function of Eosinophil peroxidase released by eosinophils?
What is the function of Eosinophil peroxidase released by eosinophils?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of eosinophil granules?
Which of the following is NOT a component of eosinophil granules?
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What is the function of cytokines released by eosinophils?
What is the function of cytokines released by eosinophils?
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What is the primary function of eosinophils?
What is the primary function of eosinophils?
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Which of the following is a component of eosinophil granules?
Which of the following is a component of eosinophil granules?
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What is the effect of cytokines released by basophils on regional blood flow?
What is the effect of cytokines released by basophils on regional blood flow?
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What is the role of eosinophils in the immune response?
What is the role of eosinophils in the immune response?
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What is the function of Major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils?
What is the function of Major basic protein (MBP) released by eosinophils?
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Study Notes
White Blood Cells (WBCs) and Infection
- WBCs fight against bacteria, but many are killed by toxins released from the invaders, resulting in a whitish yellow fluid called pus.
- Pus is formed in infected tissue, consisting of dead cells, plasma leaked from blood vessels, liquefied tissue cells, and RBCs that escaped from damaged blood vessels.
Neutrophils
- Contain enzymes like proteases, myeloperoxidases, elastases, metalloproteinases, and antibody-like peptides called cathelicidins and defensins.
Eosinophils
- Make up 1-3% of circulating leukocytes and are easily identified on stained blood films.
- Contain granules that stain orange-red to bright yellow during polychromatic staining.
- Migrate to sites where they are needed and exhibit a metabolic burst when activated.
- Participate in defense against certain parasites and are involved in allergic reactions.
- Release cytotoxic substances that are lethal to parasites, including eosinophil peroxidase, major basic protein, eosinophil cationic protein, and cytokines.
Basophils
- Are polymorphonuclear leukocytes with multiple pleomorphic, coarse, deep-staining metachromatic granules.
- Granules contain heparin, histamine, proteases, myeloperoxidase, and cytokines with anticoagulant, vasodilating, cytotoxic, and inflammatory properties.
- Play an important role in healing processes, and their number increases during the healing process.
Monocytes
- Are primarily involved in the immune response against bacterial infection and make up roughly 5-10% of all circulating leukocytes.
- Differentiate into macrophages, which form the main population of phagocytic cells within tissues.
- Macrophages phagocytose microorganisms, digest them, and secrete cytokines that modulate the immune response.
Leukopoiesis
- Is the development and maturation of leukocytes, influenced by hemopoietic growth factors and colony stimulating factors.
- Colony stimulating factors (CSF) are proteins that cause the formation of colony-forming blastocytes.
Types of White Blood Cells
- Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of granules in the cytoplasm: Granulocytes (with granules) and Agranulocytes (without granules).
- The five types of leukocytes are:
- Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils
- Polymorphonuclear Eosinophils
- Polymorphonuclear Basophils
- Monocytes
- Lymphocytes (not mentioned in the text)
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Description
Learn about the process of leukopoiesis, including the factors that influence it, such as hemopoietic growth factors and colony stimulating factors. Understand the different types of colony stimulating factors and their roles.
