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Questions and Answers
What was the purpose of Justinian's Code?
What was the purpose of Justinian's Code?
Which of the following was a method of determining guilt or innocence in medieval times?
Which of the following was a method of determining guilt or innocence in medieval times?
What was the Napoleonic Code?
What was the Napoleonic Code?
Which of the following is NOT a principle found in the Great Binding Law of the Iroquois Confederacy?
Which of the following is NOT a principle found in the Great Binding Law of the Iroquois Confederacy?
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What was the purpose of trial by combat?
What was the purpose of trial by combat?
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What is the Quebec civil code?
What is the Quebec civil code?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the major elements of the Constitution Act, 1982?
Which of the following is NOT one of the major elements of the Constitution Act, 1982?
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What is the term used for the procedure that requires the approval of Parliament, plus two-thirds of the provinces representing 50 percent of the population, to amend the Constitution of Canada?
What is the term used for the procedure that requires the approval of Parliament, plus two-thirds of the provinces representing 50 percent of the population, to amend the Constitution of Canada?
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Which of the following is NOT a source of Canadian law mentioned in the given text?
Which of the following is NOT a source of Canadian law mentioned in the given text?
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What term is used in the given text to refer to the basic individual rights protected by law, such as freedom of speech?
What term is used in the given text to refer to the basic individual rights protected by law, such as freedom of speech?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the given text as a type of agreement or responsibility related to the Canadian government?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the given text as a type of agreement or responsibility related to the Canadian government?
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What term is used in the given text to refer to the process of bringing legislative power under the authority of the country to which it applies?
What term is used in the given text to refer to the process of bringing legislative power under the authority of the country to which it applies?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the earliest known sets of recorded laws?
Which of the following is NOT one of the earliest known sets of recorded laws?
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Which legal code was written by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the 18th century BCE?
Which legal code was written by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the 18th century BCE?
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Which of the following legal codes was compiled in India between 1280 and 880 BCE?
Which of the following legal codes was compiled in India between 1280 and 880 BCE?
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Which legal code was written around 350 BCE in ancient China?
Which legal code was written around 350 BCE in ancient China?
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of the concept of the 'rule of law'?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the concept of the 'rule of law'?
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Which legal code was introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte in France in the early 19th century?
Which legal code was introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte in France in the early 19th century?
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Study Notes
Types of Punishment
- Retribution: punishing an offender for revenge or to satisfy the public
- Restitution: requiring the offender to pay the victim or society back for the harm or loss caused
Historical Development of Law
- Justinian's Code: clarification and organization of Roman law commissioned by Byzantine Emperor Justinian I (527-565 AD)
- Napoleonic Code: a code of law in France commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804
Historical Trial Systems
- Trial by ordeal: requiring the accused to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence
- Trial by oath: requiring friends of the accused to swear on the Bible that he or she is innocent
- Trial by combat: determining guilt or innocence by having the parties involved in a dispute fight a duel
Modern Judicial Systems
- Adversarial system: the judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury
- Assizes: traveling courts
- Circuit Judges: judges of traveling courts
Principles of Law
- Divine rights: the idea that monarchs and their successors derived their power to rule from God and that they were accountable only to God
- Stare decisis: a Latin phrase meaning to "stand by the decision," i.e., abide by the decisions already made
- Rule of precedent: applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances
- Habeas corpus: a court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is brought before a court within a reasonable amount of time
Canadian Law
- Quebec civil code: a system of law used in Quebec for resolving private matters; based on the French Civil Code
- Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: a section of the Constitution Act, 1982, that sets out constitutionally protected rights and freedoms
- Amending formula: the procedure for amending the Constitution of Canada that requires the approval of Parliament, plus two-thirds (any seven) of the provinces representing 50 percent of the population
- Patriate: to bring legislative power under the authority of the country to which it applies
- Principle of equalization: the principle that essential services such as health care, education, or access to social services should be available equally to residents in all parts of Canada
Canadian Government
- Governor General of Canada: Mary Simon
- Prime Minister of Canada: Justin Trudeau
- Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Ontario: Edith Pumand
- Premier of Ontario: Doug Ford
- Mayor of Markham: Frank Scarpitti
- Canadian Parliament: composed of the Senate and the House of Commons
- Number of Senators in the Canadian Senate: 105
- Number of seats in the House of Commons: 338
- Date of Canada's nationhood: July 1st, 1867
- Original provinces that comprised Canada at the time of Confederation in 1867: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario
- Number of judges on Canada's Supreme Court: 9
Historical Laws
- Great Laws of Manu: laws compiled in India between 1280 and 880 BCE, previously transferred through oral tradition
- Code or Liavel: a set of Chinese laws written around 350 BCE
- Code of Hammurabi: one of the earliest-known sets of recorded laws, written by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the 18th century BCE
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Description
Test your knowledge of different legal codes, including Justinian's Code and the Napoleonic Code. Learn about punishments such as retribution and restitution. Explore the systematic arrangement and recording of laws throughout history.
