Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a common emotional response of people with learning disabilities due to their experiences?
What is a common emotional response of people with learning disabilities due to their experiences?
- Excitement
- Disappointment (correct)
- Indifference
- Elation
What is a primary cause of learning disabilities as identified by NILD?
What is a primary cause of learning disabilities as identified by NILD?
- Neurological differences (correct)
- Environmental distractions
- Parental expectations
- Social influences
Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of learning disabilities?
Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of learning disabilities?
- Visual handicaps (correct)
- Injury or illness in early childhood
- Maternal illness during pregnancy
- Birth complications
Which method is commonly used in the diagnostic process for learning disabilities?
Which method is commonly used in the diagnostic process for learning disabilities?
How can learning disabilities be distinguished from learning problems?
How can learning disabilities be distinguished from learning problems?
Individuals with learning disabilities may excel in which of the following areas?
Individuals with learning disabilities may excel in which of the following areas?
What condition is often associated with learning disabilities?
What condition is often associated with learning disabilities?
What type of factors should not be confused with learning disabilities?
What type of factors should not be confused with learning disabilities?
What is typically assessed in a physical and neurological exam for learning disabilities?
What is typically assessed in a physical and neurological exam for learning disabilities?
What percentage of American children under 18 are estimated to have learning disabilities?
What percentage of American children under 18 are estimated to have learning disabilities?
Which of the following statements about learning disabilities is true?
Which of the following statements about learning disabilities is true?
What role do specially trained teachers play in the education of children with learning disabilities?
What role do specially trained teachers play in the education of children with learning disabilities?
Which treatment method for learning disabilities focuses on emotional issues and coping skills?
Which treatment method for learning disabilities focuses on emotional issues and coping skills?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered a component of treatment for learning disabilities?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered a component of treatment for learning disabilities?
What might some individuals with learning disabilities lack throughout their life?
What might some individuals with learning disabilities lack throughout their life?
Which statement best describes the nature of learning disabilities?
Which statement best describes the nature of learning disabilities?
What is a common form of cyberbullying?
What is a common form of cyberbullying?
Which of the following is a factor that can lead to bullying?
Which of the following is a factor that can lead to bullying?
What emotional effect can bullying have on the victims?
What emotional effect can bullying have on the victims?
According to the 2016 National Center for Educational Statistics survey, what percentage of bullied students struggle academically?
According to the 2016 National Center for Educational Statistics survey, what percentage of bullied students struggle academically?
Which statement about students who bully is correct?
Which statement about students who bully is correct?
What long-term effect can bullying have on the family of the victim?
What long-term effect can bullying have on the family of the victim?
What is a potential cause for students who bully others?
What is a potential cause for students who bully others?
How does cyberbullying differ from traditional bullying?
How does cyberbullying differ from traditional bullying?
What is the primary goal of assessment in school psychology?
What is the primary goal of assessment in school psychology?
Which type of assessment specifically focuses on measuring academic skills?
Which type of assessment specifically focuses on measuring academic skills?
What type of evaluation occurs after an intervention to assess its overall effectiveness?
What type of evaluation occurs after an intervention to assess its overall effectiveness?
Which assessment method is used to understand social and emotional skills?
Which assessment method is used to understand social and emotional skills?
How does evaluation in school psychology benefit educational programs?
How does evaluation in school psychology benefit educational programs?
What is the outcome of effective assessments in school psychology?
What is the outcome of effective assessments in school psychology?
Which method is NOT typically used in assessment by school psychologists?
Which method is NOT typically used in assessment by school psychologists?
What distinguishes formative evaluation from summative evaluation?
What distinguishes formative evaluation from summative evaluation?
What is one responsibility of school psychologists in inclusive education?
What is one responsibility of school psychologists in inclusive education?
Which approach do school psychologists use to ensure equity and access in education?
Which approach do school psychologists use to ensure equity and access in education?
What type of plans do school psychologists develop to meet students' unique needs?
What type of plans do school psychologists develop to meet students' unique needs?
How do school psychologists support teachers in managing diverse classrooms?
How do school psychologists support teachers in managing diverse classrooms?
Which of the following is NOT a role of school psychologists in fostering collaboration?
Which of the following is NOT a role of school psychologists in fostering collaboration?
What type of support do school psychologists provide to address mental health needs?
What type of support do school psychologists provide to address mental health needs?
Which principle is critical in developing individualized support plans?
Which principle is critical in developing individualized support plans?
What is a significant barrier that school psychologists aim to eliminate?
What is a significant barrier that school psychologists aim to eliminate?
What is the primary focus of Interpersonal Therapy for Adolescents (IPT-A)?
What is the primary focus of Interpersonal Therapy for Adolescents (IPT-A)?
Which application is associated with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)?
Which application is associated with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)?
How do Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) programs impact students?
How do Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) programs impact students?
What evidence supports the effectiveness of School-Based Screening and Interventions?
What evidence supports the effectiveness of School-Based Screening and Interventions?
What is the main goal of Trauma-Informed Practices in schools?
What is the main goal of Trauma-Informed Practices in schools?
Which of the following is a key component of Mental Health Literacy Programs?
Which of the following is a key component of Mental Health Literacy Programs?
What is the primary function of Peer Support Programs in a school setting?
What is the primary function of Peer Support Programs in a school setting?
What therapeutic technique is characterized by relaxation training and exposure therapy?
What therapeutic technique is characterized by relaxation training and exposure therapy?
Flashcards
Learning Disability
Learning Disability
A condition that affects a person's ability to learn and process information, often due to neurological differences, causing difficulty in specific academic or professional areas despite normal intelligence.
Frustration
Frustration
A hallmark of learning disabilities, characterized by a person's awareness of their strengths and weaknesses, leading to frustration when struggling in areas where they lack proficiency.
Excessive Effort
Excessive Effort
A common symptom of learning disabilities, where individuals experience difficulties understanding or performing tasks despite putting in considerable effort.
Neurological Differences
Neurological Differences
A crucial factor in understanding learning disabilities, referring to the brain's unique structure and function, which can vary in individuals with learning disabilities.
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Academic Testing
Academic Testing
Assessment tools utilized to evaluate a person's academic performance in reading, writing, and mathematics, often compared to their overall intellectual capabilities.
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Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Test
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Test
A measurement of a person's general intellectual abilities, often used in conjunction with academic testing to identify learning disabilities.
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Performance Review
Performance Review
A comprehensive assessment of a person's academic, professional, social, and developmental performance, used in diagnosing learning disabilities.
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Diagnosing Learning Disabilities
Diagnosing Learning Disabilities
The process of identifying and labeling individuals with learning disabilities through various assessments and professional evaluations.
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Language-based learning disability
Language-based learning disability
A specific type of learning disability that makes it hard for a person to understand, organize, and use spoken or written language.
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Dyscalculia
Dyscalculia
A learning disability that makes it hard to understand and manipulate numbers, symbols, and patterns.
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Dyslexia
Dyslexia
A learning disability that affects a person's ability to read, decode words, and understand what they read.
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Dysgraphia
Dysgraphia
A learning disability that makes it hard to write neatly and legibly, often with mistakes in spelling and grammar.
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
A learning disability that affects a person's ability to focus and concentrate for extended periods, making it hard to sit still, listen, and follow instructions.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
A learning disability with a range of challenges, but typically includes difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.
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Intellectual disability
Intellectual disability
A condition that often involves limited cognitive abilities impacting intellectual function, learning, and daily living.
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Cyberbullying with Private Images
Cyberbullying with Private Images
Sharing private photos or videos of a student without their consent, often happening outside of school, making it harder for teachers to catch.
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Social or Relational Bullying
Social or Relational Bullying
Spreading rumors or negative comments about a student to damage their reputation.
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Causes of Bullying
Causes of Bullying
Reasons why students bully others, including physical appearance, social standing, race, and sexual orientation.
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Self-Esteem in Bullies
Self-Esteem in Bullies
Some bullies have low self-esteem, but others have high confidence and lack empathy, becoming aggressive when threatened.
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Motivation Behind Bullying
Motivation Behind Bullying
Students who bully others may seek attention, crave being seen as brave, or want to feel powerful.
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Bullying as a Result of Home Issues
Bullying as a Result of Home Issues
Home issues like abuse, neglect, or divorce can lead students to bully others due to emotional distress.
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Academic Impact of Bullying
Academic Impact of Bullying
Bullying can negatively impact academics, leading to lower grades, decreased participation, and even injuries or self-harm.
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Emotional Impact of Bullying
Emotional Impact of Bullying
Emotional effects of bullying include low self-esteem, sleep problems, depression, and suicidal thoughts.
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School Psychology Assessment
School Psychology Assessment
Understanding a student's strengths, weaknesses, and needs through tests and observations.
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Cognitive Assessment
Cognitive Assessment
Evaluates intellectual abilities using tests like IQ tests.
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Academic Assessment
Academic Assessment
Measures specific skills like reading, math, and writing using standardized tests or curriculum-based assessments.
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Behavioral Assessment
Behavioral Assessment
Uses observation and tools like behavior checklists to identify behavior patterns and strategies for improvement.
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Social-Emotional Assessment
Social-Emotional Assessment
Evaluates a student's emotional and social skills using tools like self-reports and observations.
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Evaluation in School Psychology
Evaluation in School Psychology
A broader process that reviews the effectiveness of interventions and programs.
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Formative Evaluation
Formative Evaluation
Evaluates progress during an intervention to guide adjustments.
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Summative Evaluation
Summative Evaluation
Evaluates the overall effectiveness of an intervention after its completion.
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Interpersonal Therapy for Adolescents (IPT-A)
Interpersonal Therapy for Adolescents (IPT-A)
This therapy focuses on improving relationships and communication skills to reduce depressive symptoms in teens.
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School-Based Screening and Interventions
School-Based Screening and Interventions
This approach aims to identify depression symptoms early using standard tools and provides individualised interventions.
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Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Programs
Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Programs
Programs that build resilience, emotional control, empathy, and problem-solving abilities, improving students' emotional well-being and reducing behavioral issues.
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Trauma-Informed Practices
Trauma-Informed Practices
Creating a supportive school environment that acknowledges the effects of trauma on learning and behavior.
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Mental Health Literacy Programs
Mental Health Literacy Programs
Educational programs that teach students and staff about mental health, reduce stigma, and recognize warning signs.
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Peer Support Programs
Peer Support Programs
Training students to offer emotional support and encouragement to their peers, promoting help-seeking and a supportive community.
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Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Practices like mindfulness meditation, deep breathing, and body scanning to promote self-awareness and relaxation.
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
A therapeutic approach that uses techniques like exposure therapy, relaxation training, and cognitive restructuring in individual or group settings.
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What does "Assessment and Identification" mean in the context of inclusive education?
What does "Assessment and Identification" mean in the context of inclusive education?
A student's unique academic and developmental needs are evaluated using various methods. This helps pinpoint learning disabilities, developmental delays, behavior problems, and extraordinary talent.
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What is the significance of "Promoting Equity and Access" in inclusive education?
What is the significance of "Promoting Equity and Access" in inclusive education?
School psychologists act as advocates to ensure all students have equal access to resources and support. This includes breaking down barriers to learning, regardless of disabilities, language differences, socioeconomic status, or any other factor.
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What is the role of school psychologists in "Developing Individualized Support Plans"?
What is the role of school psychologists in "Developing Individualized Support Plans"?
School psychologists work with teachers, parents, and specialists to create personalized learning plans that cater to each student's unique needs. These plans incorporate evidence-based interventions and are culturally sensitive.
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How do school psychologists support "Teacher Support and Training"?
How do school psychologists support "Teacher Support and Training"?
School psychologists provide teachers with professional development, equipping them with the necessary skills to manage diverse classrooms, implement accessible learning, and address behavioral challenges.
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How do school psychologists contribute to "Behavioral and Emotional Support"?
How do school psychologists contribute to "Behavioral and Emotional Support"?
Through counseling and behavioral intervention plans, school psychologists address the social-emotional and mental health needs of students. They also promote positive behavior support systems that benefit all students in an inclusive setting.
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How do school psychologists promote "Fostering Collaboration"?
How do school psychologists promote "Fostering Collaboration"?
School psychologists facilitate communication and collaboration between teachers, parents, students, and other professionals. They bridge the gap between families and schools to ensure everyone works together to achieve inclusive goals.
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Educational Psychology vs School Psychology
- Educational psychology studies how individuals learn and develop in educational settings. It draws on psychological principles and theories to inform educational practices and policies.
- Educational psychology investigates psychological factors influencing learning, teaching, and academic processes including cognitive processes like memory, attention, problem-solving, and motivation.
- Educational psychologists examine interventions, learning theories, motivation, instructional design, classroom management and the effectiveness of teaching methods, curriculum designs, and interventions to improve student achievement.
School Psychology:
- School psychology is a specialized field focused on the mental health, behavioral, and academic needs of students within school settings.
- Unlike educational psychology, school psychology specifically targets the unique challenges and opportunities within educational environments
- School psychologists collaborate with educators, administrators, parents, and other professionals to develop interventions & strategies.
- Key goals include supporting students' socio-emotional wellbeing, cognitive functioning, and academic achievement. They create safe, supportive and inclusive learning environments.
What School Psychologists Do
- Support students' academic achievement by promoting student motivation and engagement, conducting psychological and academic assessments, providing individual instruction & interventions and managing student behaviour.
- Promote positive mental health through improving communication, social skills, and assessing emotional and behavioral needs. This includes counseling and strategies for problem-solving, anger management, conflict resolution, and resilience.
- Support diverse learners by assessing learning needs, providing culturally responsive care & developing individualized plans.
- Create safe school climates by preventing bullying and violence and promoting social-emotional learning.
- Strengthen family-school partnerships and help navigate special education process and advocate for those impacted by difficulties.
Learning Disabilities: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
- Learning disabilities are neurodevelopmental disorders significantly impacting learning ability.
- Common types of learning disabilities include dyslexia (language processing disorder), dysgraphia (difficulty with writing), and dyscalculia (difficulty with math).
- Learning disabilities are often rooted in neurological differences impacting functions like language processing, attention and memory.
- Symptoms may include impaired memory, difficulty with comprehension, attention deficits, issues discerning sounds, letters, or numbers and difficulty with reading, writing, and math.
- Treatment options may include individualized educational programs, therapies, and strategies to compensate for learning challenges.
Assessment and Evaluation in School Psychology
- Purpose of assessment: To gather detailed info on a student's strengths, weaknesses, needs, and functioning.
- Types of assessments: Cognitive assessments (IQ tests), Academic assessments (standardized/curriculum-based), Behavioral assessments (observational tools, checklists), and Social-Emotional assessments (self-reports, teacher reports).
- Methods include standardized testing, interviews, observations.
- Evaluations measure the effectiveness of interventions, programs and policies.
Mental Health Interventions
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) helps students identify and change negative thought patterns.
- Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) techniques improve emotional regulation and reduce stress.
- Interpersonal Therapy for Adolescents (IPT-A) focuses on interpersonal relationships and communication skills.
- Universal preventative measures include mental health literacy programs to reduce stigma and promote help-seeking.
- Professional development helps ensure practitioners are using evidence-based, culturally sensitive interventions.
###Inclusive Education
- Inclusive education ensures equitable access and participation for all students, regardless of abilities, disabilities, or differences.
- Key principles of inclusive education include equity and access, diversity, participation, individualized support, and collaboration.
- Strategies include teacher training, adapting instruction and learning materials using universal design of learning (UDL).
- Challenges include limited resources, resistance to change, cultural & societal attitudes toward disability, equity, and adequate training for staff.
The Role of School Psychologists in Creating Supportive Classrooms & Schools
- Assess student learning, behavioural, and emotional needs.
- Develop Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) tailored to students' needs.
- Provide counseling and support to address mental health challenges.
- Support social-emotional learning, develop skills to foster peer relationships, and improve academic and social outcomes.
- Design preventative programs and support interventions to support school climate that promotes safety, respect, and equity for all stakeholders.
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