29 Questions
What is the general definition of learning?
The act of acquiring information or skill such that behavior changes
What are the two ways memory is defined?
As a mental storage device and a mental capacity
What is the process by which information is acquired in memory?
Encoding
What is the phase of memory where information is held for later retrieval?
Storage
What is the phase of memory where information is retrieved from storage?
Retrieval
Which type of learning occurs without obvious reinforcement and is not immediately expressed?
Latent learning
What is the process of learning primarily through repetition and practice called?
Rote learning
Which type of interference occurs when old memories interfere with the ability to remember new memories?
Proactive interference
What is the term for the type of learning that occurs as a function of observing, retaining, and replicating novel behaviors executed by others?
Observational learning
Which type of learning is thought to be of greater importance during childhood, particularly as authority becomes important?
Observational learning
Which type of interference is stronger when material is similar?
Both types of interference
What is the process of learning according to the text?
Actively constructing meaning from experiences and instruction
What is stress according to the text?
Feeling overwhelmed or unable to cope with mental or emotional pressure
What is workload according to the text?
The physical and mental requirements associated with a task or combination of tasks
What are the possible effects of stress according to the text?
Reduced efficiency of information processing and long-term negative consequences for health
What is physical workload according to the text?
The measurable portion of physical resources expended when performing a task
What is the term 'workload' referring to according to the text?
That portion of the operators limited capacity actually required to perform a particular task
Which type of memory is also known as visual sensory memory?
Iconic memory
What is a form of explicit memory retrieval in which items are presented to a person who must determine if they were previously encountered?
Recognition task
According to Eric Kandel, what is learning defined as?
The process by which we acquire knowledge about the world
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon in which we are more successful at retrieving memories if we are in the same environment in which we stored them?
Context-Dependent Memory
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon in which we are more successful at retrieving memories if we are in the same mood as when we stored them?
State-Dependent Memory
What is the term used to describe the illusion that a new situation is familiar?
Déjà vu
What is mental workload defined as?
The amount of mental resources required to perform a set of concurrent tasks
What are the consequences of sustained high mental workload?
Mental fatigue, decreased performance, and even detrimental health effects in the long run
What percentage of American workers reported their job is 'Very or Extremely Stressful'?
40%
Which of the following factors does NOT increase mental workload?
As required accuracy levels decrease
What type of measure includes the subject’s estimation of workload?
Subjective measures
What are the consequences of excessive mental workload?
Often leads to error
Test your knowledge on the definitions and concepts related to learning and memory, including different ways of acquiring information and the types of memory. Explore how learning can lead to knowledge and behavior changes, while memory involves mental storage devices and the capacity of the mind.
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