Podcast
Questions and Answers
The Learner-Centered Psychological Principles were put together by:
The Learner-Centered Psychological Principles were put together by:
- Santrock
- Alexander and Murphy
- American Psychological Association (correct)
- William Shakespeare
The Learner-Centered Psychological Principles focus on psychological factors that are primarily external to the learner.
The Learner-Centered Psychological Principles focus on psychological factors that are primarily external to the learner.
False (B)
The 14 principles are divided into those referring to:
The 14 principles are divided into those referring to:
- Cognitive and metacognitive
- Motivational and affective
- Developmental and social
- Individual difference factors influencing learners and learning
- All of the above (correct)
What is the nature of the learning process?
What is the nature of the learning process?
What do successful learners use to achieve complex learning goals?
What do successful learners use to achieve complex learning goals?
Learning is influenced by environmental factors, including culture, technology, and instructional practices. Learning occurs in a vacuum.
Learning is influenced by environmental factors, including culture, technology, and instructional practices. Learning occurs in a vacuum.
What generally enhances motivation and facilitates learning and performance?
What generally enhances motivation and facilitates learning and performance?
Intrinsic motivation to learn is stimulated by:
Intrinsic motivation to learn is stimulated by:
Acquisition of complex knowledge and skills requires extended learner effort and practice.
Acquisition of complex knowledge and skills requires extended learner effort and practice.
What is most effective when differential development within and across physical, intellectual, emotional, and social domains is taken into account?
What is most effective when differential development within and across physical, intellectual, emotional, and social domains is taken into account?
Learning can be enhanced when the learner has an opportunity to interact and to collaborate with _____.
Learning can be enhanced when the learner has an opportunity to interact and to collaborate with _____.
Learners all have the same strategies, approaches, and capabilities for learning.
Learners all have the same strategies, approaches, and capabilities for learning.
Learning is most effective when differences in learners' linguistic, _____, and social backgrounds are taken into account.
Learning is most effective when differences in learners' linguistic, _____, and social backgrounds are taken into account.
What involves setting appropriately high and challenging standards?
What involves setting appropriately high and challenging standards?
Alexander and Murphy gave a summary of the 14 principles and distilled them into five areas. Which is correct?
Alexander and Murphy gave a summary of the 14 principles and distilled them into five areas. Which is correct?
According to Havighurst, a developmental task is an task that “arises at a certain period in our life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later tasks while ______ leads to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with later tasks.
According to Havighurst, a developmental task is an task that “arises at a certain period in our life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later tasks while ______ leads to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with later tasks.
According to Santrock, how many developmental stages are there?
According to Santrock, how many developmental stages are there?
The prenatal period involves tremendous growth from:
The prenatal period involves tremendous growth from:
If you believe that Nikki and Kenn will show extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood and decline in late old age, your approach to development is termed life-span approach.
If you believe that Nikki and Kenn will show extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood and decline in late old age, your approach to development is termed life-span approach.
What refers to the potential for change and is possible throughout the life-span?
What refers to the potential for change and is possible throughout the life-span?
What are the goals of human development?
What are the goals of human development?
What refers to an individual's biological inheritance?
What refers to an individual's biological inheritance?
The key to development characterized by nature and nurture is:
The key to development characterized by nature and nurture is:
What gives teachers and also policy-makers important knowledge to use in decision-making for the benefit of learners and their families?
What gives teachers and also policy-makers important knowledge to use in decision-making for the benefit of learners and their families?
What are the five steps of the scientific method according to Dewey?
What are the five steps of the scientific method according to Dewey?
Researches that are done with low level of quality and integrity provide us with valuable information about child and adolescent development.
Researches that are done with low level of quality and integrity provide us with valuable information about child and adolescent development.
What is an in-depth look at an individual?
What is an in-depth look at an individual?
What is a research design that determines cause-and-effect relationships?
What is a research design that determines cause-and-effect relationships?
What type of research design focuses on children's experiences in natural settings?
What type of research design focuses on children's experiences in natural settings?
What type of research studies and follows through a single group over a period of time?
What type of research studies and follows through a single group over a period of time?
What is a research strategy in which individuals of different ages are compared at one time?
What is a research strategy in which individuals of different ages are compared at one time?
What is a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by indi-viduals working with others in teams or as part of a “community of practice” to improve the way they address issues and solve prob-lems?
What is a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by indi-viduals working with others in teams or as part of a “community of practice” to improve the way they address issues and solve prob-lems?
Research procedures must be conducted even if they harm children, physically or psychologically.
Research procedures must be conducted even if they harm children, physically or psychologically.
When collecting personal data, what must be required prior to the collection of all personal data?
When collecting personal data, what must be required prior to the collection of all personal data?
Flashcards
Learner-Centered Psychological Principles
Learner-Centered Psychological Principles
A set of 14 principles focusing on internal psychological factors influencing learning.
Cognitive Factors
Cognitive Factors
Aspects that involve the mental processes of learning, including memory and reasoning.
Goals of Learning Process
Goals of Learning Process
Successful learners set relevant and personal goals to guide their learning.
Construction of Knowledge
Construction of Knowledge
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Strategic Thinking
Strategic Thinking
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Thinking about Thinking
Thinking about Thinking
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Context of Learning
Context of Learning
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Motivational Influences
Motivational Influences
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Intrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
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Developmental Influences
Developmental Influences
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Social Influences
Social Influences
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Individual Differences
Individual Differences
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Learning and Diversity
Learning and Diversity
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Assessment Standards
Assessment Standards
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Scientific Method
Scientific Method
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Correlational Study
Correlational Study
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Experimental Research
Experimental Research
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Naturalistic Observation
Naturalistic Observation
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Longitudinal Study
Longitudinal Study
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Ethical Principles
Ethical Principles
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Action Research
Action Research
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Developmental Tasks
Developmental Tasks
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Lifelong Development
Lifelong Development
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Nature vs. Nurture
Nature vs. Nurture
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Continuity vs. Discontinuity
Continuity vs. Discontinuity
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Stability vs. Change
Stability vs. Change
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Teacher Research
Teacher Research
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Developmental Stages
Developmental Stages
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Meta-cognition
Meta-cognition
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Social-Emotional Development
Social-Emotional Development
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Study Notes
Learner-Centered Psychological Principles
- The American Psychological Association developed 14 principles focused on learners and learning.
- These principles prioritize internal psychological factors over conditioned habits or physiology.
- They also acknowledge the influence of the external environment.
- The principles are intended as a holistic guide for understanding learning in real-world contexts.
Cognitive and Metacognitive Factors
- Nature of the learning process: Effective learning involves intentionally constructing meaning from information and experience. Learning processes vary, including habit formation and knowledge/skill generation.
- Goals of the learning process: Students create meaningful representations of knowledge and develop learning strategies. Learners generate short-term and long-term goals.
Motivational and Affective Factors
- Motivational and emotional influences: A learner's motivation to learn is influenced by emotions, beliefs, interests, goals, and thought habits.
- Intrinsic motivation: Learners are motivated when tasks are novel, challenging, personally relevant, and allow for choice and control.
Developmental and Social Factors
- Developmental influences: Learning is most effective when considerations are given to various physical, intellectual, social and emotional developmental variations.
- Social influences: Learning is influenced by social interactions, interpersonal relationships, and communication with others. Learning settings should support diversity and interaction.
Individual Differences Factors
- Individual differences in learning: Learners use diverse strategies, approaches, and capabilities, influenced by prior experiences and heredity.
- Learning and diversity: Learners' backgrounds (linguistic, cultural, and social) should inform instructional practices, and learning benefits from valuing and respecting individual differences.
Standards and Assessment
- Assessment: Assessment provides information on learner progress, strengths, and weaknesses, and helps inform instructional decisions.
- Self-assessment: Learners can enhance their self-assessment skills and motivation by evaluating their learning progress.
- Setting standards and assessment: The importance of setting and regularly assessing learning quality is noted.
The Stages of Development and Developmental Tasks
- The stages of development presented include infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and later maturity. Each phase of life is associated with specific developmental tasks.
- Detailed descriptions and examples are referenced from specific texts (e.g., Santrock, 2002)
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Description
Explore the 14 learner-centered principles developed by the APA, emphasizing internal psychological factors and the influence of the external environment. Understand the cognitive, metacognitive, motivational, and affective factors that impact learning. Learn about the goals and nature of the learning process.
