Leadership Theories and Behaviors

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Questions and Answers

Which leadership style is characterized by focusing on the quality of relationships between leaders and their followers?

  • Leader-member exchange theory (correct)
  • Management by exception
  • Transactional leadership
  • Transformational leadership

What is one of the potential disadvantages of participative leadership?

  • Increased motivation among employees
  • Higher quality of outcomes
  • Enhanced acceptance of decisions
  • Loss of power for the leader (correct)

In which type of leadership do leaders set goals and provide support in a straightforward exchange?

  • Empowering leadership
  • Supportive leadership
  • Transformational leadership
  • Transactional leadership (correct)

What type of leadership involves no formal status but still exerts influence?

<p>Emergent leadership (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach focuses on allowing employees to share power and participate actively in decision-making processes?

<p>Empowering leadership (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trait is NOT typically associated with effective leadership?

<p>Narcissism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of management by exception involves monitoring and correcting behavior proactively?

<p>Management by exception-active (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does consideration in leadership behaviors primarily focus on?

<p>Approachability and personal concern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style emphasizes tailoring to the task demands and employee quality?

<p>Situational leadership (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of ethical leadership?

<p>Demonstrating appropriate conduct through personal actions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In contingency theory, what is critical for effective leadership?

<p>Favorable situational conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style instills commitment through a vision and includes components like intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation?

<p>Transformational leadership (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of leadership is characterized by the distribution of roles and influence among team members?

<p>Shared leadership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What denotes LMX differentiation in leadership?

<p>Variability in the quality of leader-member relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the trait theory of leadership?

<p>Personal qualities of the leader (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does leader reward behavior emphasize?

<p>Positive reinforcement and acknowledgment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

High LPC Leaders

Leaders who score high on the LPC scale prioritize strong relationships with their team members over task completion.

Low LPC Leaders

Leaders who score low on the LPC scale prioritize completing tasks and achieving goals over building relationships with their team members.

Path-Goal Theory

A leadership theory that emphasizes the leader's ability to adapt their behavior to fit the demands of the situation and the needs of their followers.

Participative Leadership

A leadership style where leaders involve their team members in decision-making processes.

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Exchange Relationship-Based Theories

A leadership approach that focuses on the reciprocal exchange of resources and favors between leaders and followers.

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Leader-Member Exchange Theory (LMX)

A theory that emphasizes the unique relationship between a leader and each individual follower.

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Transactional Leadership

A form of leadership that emphasizes clear expectations, setting goals, providing support, and rewarding performance.

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Transformational Leadership

A form of leadership that inspires followers to transcend self-interest and strive for a collective vision.

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Leadership

The ability of an individual to influence others towards achieving a common goal within an organization.

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Strategic Leadership

A type of leadership that involves anticipating, envisioning, and adapting to changes, while working collaboratively to create a sustainable future for the organization.

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Emergent Leadership

A leadership style where individuals emerge as leaders without formal authority or titles through their influence and actions.

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Shared Leadership

A leadership approach where leadership responsibilities and influence are shared amongst team members.

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Trait Theory of Leadership

A theory suggesting that leadership effectiveness is based on the personal characteristics and traits of the leader.

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Leadership Categorization Theory

A theory that suggests people are more likely to perceive someone as a leader if they exhibit typical leadership characteristics.

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Consideration

A leadership behavior focused on creating a friendly and supportive work environment where individuals feel respected and cared for.

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Initiating Structure

A leadership behavior aimed at achieving group goals and objectives by emphasizing planning, organizing, and directing tasks.

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Study Notes

Leadership

  • Leadership: the influence individuals exert on others' goal achievement within an organization.
  • Strategic leadership: anticipates, envisions, maintains flexibility, thinks strategically, and works with others to initiate change.
  • Emergent leadership: leadership influence without formal status.
  • Shared leadership: distribution of leadership roles and influence among team members.
  • Trait theory of leadership: leadership effectiveness depends on personal qualities (intelligence, energy, drive, self-confidence, dominance, motivation, emotional stability, honesty, integrity, need for achievement, sociability).
  • Narcissism: a trait characterized by grandiosity, attention-seeking, and an inflated self-view.
  • Motivation to lead: a desire to attain leadership roles and expand effort.
  • Leadership categorization theory: people are more likely to view someone as a leader when they display prototypical leadership characteristics.

Leadership Behaviors

  • Consideration: leaders are approachable and show personal concern for employees.
  • Initiating structure: leaders focus on goal attainment.
  • Leader reward behavior: using compliments, benefits, or special treatment.
  • Contingent reward behavior: rewarding employees for meeting performance goals.
  • Leader punishment behavior: reprimands, unfavorable tasks, or withholding rewards.

Leadership Theories

  • Path-goal theory: a situational theory emphasizing various leader behaviors (directive, supportive, participative, achievement-oriented).
  • Participative leadership: involving employees in decision-making; advantages include motivation and performance, but disadvantages include time and energy demands and reduced leader power.
  • Leader-member exchange theory (LMX): focuses on the quality of the leader-follower relationship.
  • Social exchange theory: individuals treated well feel obligated to reciprocate positively.
  • Transactional leadership: a straightforward exchange between leader and follower; includes management by exception (active and passive).
  • Transformational leadership: inspiring followers with a new vision and fosters commitment.
  • Positive leadership: focuses on behaviors that increase followers' confidence and positive outcomes.
  • Empowered leadership: empowering employees and sharing power.
  • Ethical leadership: demonstrating conduct through actions, interpersonal relationships, and promoting ethical policies and procedures.
  • Authentic leadership: being true to oneself with self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized morals.
  • Servant leadership: exceeding one's self-interest and empowering others.

Implicit Leadership Theory

  • Implicit leadership theory: individuals have beliefs about attributes and behaviors indicative of strong leadership.
  • Global leadership: effective leadership across cultures, languages, social, economic, and political contexts.

Leadership Styles

  • Consideration and initiating structure.
  • Leader reward behavior, punishment behavior.
  • Participative leadership, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, empowering leadership, ethical leadership
  • Authentic leadership, servant leadership, global leadership, strategic leadership.

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