Leadership Session 3: Global Business Leaders
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of individualistic societies?

  • Preference for tradition and past values
  • Emphasis on group loyalty
  • Focus on personal achievements (correct)
  • Priority on collective goals

Which country is an example of a highly masculine society?

  • China
  • Greece
  • Japan (correct)
  • Sweden

What does high uncertainty avoidance indicate about a society?

  • Preference for flexible rules
  • Strict codes of behavior (correct)
  • Encouragement of risk-taking
  • Tolerance for ambiguity

How do long-term oriented societies typically approach the future?

<p>Value thrift and perseverance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an indulgent society prioritize in terms of human desires?

<p>Freedom of expression and leisure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country is primarily characterized as individualistic?

<p>USA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high power distance indicate in a society?

<p>A strong acceptance of hierarchy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country exhibits the highest level of uncertainty avoidance in Europe?

<p>France (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cultures with a high masculinity index, which traits are typically associated with men?

<p>Assertiveness and competitiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which culture is noted for using teamwork the most despite showing individualistic characteristics?

<p>Canada (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about France's collective work style is true?

<p>French culture emphasizes individual achievements in school. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which orientation relates to valuing long-term relationships over immediate gains?

<p>Long-term orientation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of collectivist cultures?

<p>Integration of individuals into groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of power distance describe?

<p>The acceptance of unequal power distribution among individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which VABE is considered the most destructive for global leaders?

<p>The belief that 'I’m Right and You are wrong!' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what quality is essential for effective global leadership?

<p>Humility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In high masculine cultures, which of the following traits is typically emphasized for men?

<p>Assertiveness and toughness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of culture does Hofstede's Uncertainty Avoidance Index measure?

<p>The tolerance for unpredictability and ambiguity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the impact of humility on global leaders?

<p>Fosters respect for others' identities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary characteristic is shared across all categories of geographic identity in effective global leadership?

<p>A set of significant VABEs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does masculinity in cultural dimensions imply about societal gender roles?

<p>Gender roles are clearly distinct and traditional (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a high Masculine culture?

<p>Men are expected to be assertive and focused on material success. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does low power distance influence the workplace culture in France?

<p>Individuals expect equal distribution of power among all members. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes effective global leaders in terms of adaptability?

<p>They demonstrate deep self-awareness and adaptability to different cultures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In collectivist cultures, the focus is primarily on:

<p>Community responsibilities and group harmony. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trait is NOT typically associated with effective global leaders?

<p>Aggressiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cultural dimension suggests that individuals in high power distance cultures accept unequal power distribution?

<p>Power Distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a high Feminine society, which of the following traits would be emphasized?

<p>Tenderness and quality of life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misunderstanding about functional conflict in Sweden's low power distance culture?

<p>Functional conflict is seen as disruptive and unproductive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the characteristics of collectivist societies?

<p>They value group harmony and loyalty among members. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do high uncertainty avoidance societies generally behave in the face of change?

<p>They have strict codes of behavior and resist change. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which way do short-term oriented societies differ from long-term oriented societies?

<p>They prioritize immediate outcomes and quick results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes indulgent societies?

<p>They promote enjoyment of life and leisure activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What core values are emphasized in highly masculine societies?

<p>Competition, achievement, and material success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Hofstede's Power Distance Index primarily measure?

<p>The distribution and acceptance of power in society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the individualism-collectivism dimension primarily highlight in a society?

<p>The balance between personal freedom and community responsibilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines VABEs in the context of culture?

<p>Values, Assumptions, Beliefs, and Expectations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In countries with high masculinity, which of the following societal traits is most emphasized?

<p>Assertiveness and competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a low power distance culture influence hierarchies in organizations?

<p>It encourages equal distribution of power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does humility play in the effectiveness of global leaders?

<p>It allows them to respect others' identities and affiliations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes high Masculine cultures according to Hofstede's dimensions?

<p>Acceptance and promotion of aggressive competitiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is least likely to be associated with effective global leaders?

<p>Authoritative decision-making style (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a significant reason for a manager's failure in an international setting, according to cultural dimensions?

<p>Inability to adapt to collective decision-making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cultures with high uncertainty avoidance generally behave?

<p>They seek to minimize ambiguity and maintain certainty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic defines a high femininity culture?

<p>Emphasis on nurturing and quality of life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following traits is commonly exhibited by individuals in high power distance cultures?

<p>Acceptance of hierarchical structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in Female-oriented cultures according to Hofstede?

<p>Consensus and quality of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trait of cultures with high uncertainty avoidance?

<p>Preference for structured environments and clear rules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical approach in collectivist cultures regarding decision-making?

<p>Seeking consensus from the group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of global leadership, which statement about the 'I'm Right and You are Wrong' attitude is most accurate?

<p>It is considered one of the most destructive VABEs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do individuals in collectivist cultures primarily define themselves?

<p>In relation to their social group (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge of implementing a reward system in a collectivist country like China?

<p>Focus on group awards rather than individual achievements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic describes societies with high masculinity?

<p>Strong focus on material success and competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes significantly to France's high level of uncertainty avoidance?

<p>Preference for routine and predictability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the long-term orientation in Asian cultures?

<p>Building solid partnerships is essential for future gains (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aspects defines high power distance in a culture?

<p>Acceptance of hierarchical structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What societal trait is associated with high feminine cultures?

<p>Emphasis on caring and consensus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Canadian workplace culture, which statement is most accurate?

<p>Individualistic traits prevail despite teamwork prevalence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Culture

A group of people sharing a set of values, assumptions, beliefs, and expectations.

Global Business Leader

A leader working across different geographic identities, understanding & respecting diverse backgrounds.

Power Distance

How a society handles the unequal distribution of power between individuals.

High Power Distance

A society where unequal power distribution is accepted and expected.

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Low Power Distance

A society striving for equal distribution of power.

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Masculinity Index

Social gender roles in a society: typically, men assertive/tough, women modest/caring.

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High Masculine Culture

A tough, competitive society with clear gender roles.

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High Feminine Culture

A consensus-oriented, more tender society with less distinct gender roles.

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Uncertainty Avoidance Index

How much a culture tolerates unpredictability.

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Humility

The quality of being modest in one's opinions or beliefs; respecting different VABEs.

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Collectivist Cultures

Cultures where people define themselves in relation to their social group.

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Individualistic Cultures

Cultures where people define themselves independently of their social group.

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Masculinity vs. Femininity (Culture)

Masculine cultures value assertiveness, toughness, and material success, while feminine cultures prioritize consensus, caring, and quality of life.

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Uncertainty Avoidance

The degree to which a society tolerates uncertainty and ambiguity.

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High Uncertainty Avoidance

A preference for clear rules and structures to reduce ambiguity.

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Short-Term vs. Long-Term Orientation

Short-term orientation prioritizes immediate results, while long-term orientation emphasizes future rewards and relationships.

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Power Distance

The degree to which a society accepts an unequal distribution of power.

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Uncertainty Avoidance

The degree to which a society feels threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and has created institutions and practices to avoid them.

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Masculinity

A cultural dimension where social gender roles are clearly defined; men are assertive and focused on material success, while women are modest and quality of life oriented.

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High Masculinity

A society is considered tough and competitive.

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High Feminine

A society is consensus and tender oriented.

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Power Distance

The degree to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.

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Low Power Distance

A society that strives for a more equal distribution of power.

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High Power Distance

A society that accepts that power is distributed unequally.

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Individualism

A cultural value where personal goals, autonomy, and self-reliance are prioritized.

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Collectivism

A cultural value that emphasizes group harmony, family connections, and community responsibilities over individual desires.

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Effective Global Leader Characteristics

Leaders with overseas experience, self-awareness, cultural adaptability, humility, lifelong learning, and honesty, strategic thinking, excellent communication, negotiation skills, and genuine human connection.

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Individualistic Cultures

Cultures that prioritize personal goals and independence.

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Collectivist Cultures

Cultures that emphasize group harmony and loyalty.

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Masculine Culture

Cultures that value competition, achievement, and material success.

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Feminine Culture

Cultures that emphasize relationships, quality of life, and consensus.

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High Uncertainty Avoidance

Cultures that dislike ambiguity and prefer clear rules and structures.

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Long-Term Orientation

Cultures that focus on future rewards and relationships.

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Short-Term Orientation

Cultures that prioritize immediate results.

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Indulgent Culture

Cultures that encourage free expression and enjoyment of life.

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Restrained Culture

Cultures that have stricter social norms and limit gratification.

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Culture

A shared set of values, assumptions, beliefs, and expectations of a group of people.

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Global Business Leader

A leader who can work effectively across different cultures, understanding and respecting diverse backgrounds.

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Power Distance

How a society handles unequal distribution of power between individuals.

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High Power Distance

A society where unequal power distribution is accepted and expected.

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Low Power Distance

A society striving for equal distribution of power.

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Masculinity Index

Social gender roles. Typically, men are assertive/tough, women are modest/caring.

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High Masculine Culture

A tough, competitive society with clear gender roles.

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High Feminine Culture

A consensus-oriented, more tender society with less distinct gender roles.

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Uncertainty Avoidance Index

How much a culture tolerates unpredictability.

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Humility

Modesty in opinions, respecting the VABEs of others.

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Uncertainty Avoidance

The extent to which a society feels threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and creates institutions and practices to avoid them.

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Masculinity

A cultural dimension where social gender roles are clearly defined; men are assertive and focused on material success, while women are modest and quality-of-life oriented.

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High Masculine Culture

A society is considered tough and competitive; with clear gender roles.

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High Feminine Culture

Societal consensus, consensus-oriented, and tender; less distinct gender roles.

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Power Distance

The degree to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.

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Low Power Distance

A society that strives for a more equal distribution of power.

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High Power Distance

A society that accepts that power is distributed unequally.

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Individualism

A cultural value where personal goals, autonomy, and self-reliance are prioritized.

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Collectivism

A cultural value that emphasizes group harmony, family connections, and community responsibilities over individual desires.

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Collectivist Culture

A culture where people define themselves in relation to their social group.

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Individualistic Culture

A culture where people define themselves independently of their social group.

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Masculinity (Culture)

A cultural dimension where social gender roles are clearly defined; men are assertive and focused on material success, while women are modest and quality-of-life oriented.

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Femininity (Culture)

A cultural dimension prioritizing consensus, caring, and quality of life over assertiveness and material success.

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Uncertainty Avoidance

The degree to which a society tolerates unpredictability and ambiguity.

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High Uncertainty Avoidance

A preference for clear rules and structures to reduce ambiguity.

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Low Uncertainty Avoidance

A tolerance for unpredictability and ambiguity; less need for clear rules.

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Power Distance

The degree to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.

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High Power Distance

A society where unequal power distribution is accepted and expected.

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Short-Term Orientation

A cultural value prioritizing immediate results and quick gains.

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Long-Term Orientation

A cultural value focusing on future rewards and relationships, like long-term partnerships

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Individualistic Societies

Societies that prioritize personal goals, independence, and individual rights.

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Collectivist Societies

Societies that value group harmony, loyalty, and social connections.

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Masculine Culture

Cultures that emphasize competition, achievement, and material success.

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Feminine Culture

Cultures that prioritize relationships, quality of life, and consensus.

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High Uncertainty Avoidance

Cultures that feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations.

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Long-Term Orientation

Cultures that value perseverance, thrift, and future rewards.

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Short-Term Orientation

Cultures that prioritize immediate results and gratification.

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Indulgent Culture

Cultures that allow free gratification of human desires.

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Restrained Culture

Cultures that have stricter social norms and limit gratification.

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Study Notes

Session 3: Leadership

  • SKEMA Business School
  • Leadership session 3
  • Global business leader case study: "An American in Paris"
  • Topics include cultures and values, characteristics of effective global leaders, overseas experience, deep self-awareness, humility, and group case analysis.

Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

  • Cultures are collections of values, assumptions, beliefs, and expectations
  • Important concept of humility in global leaders
  • Hofstede's cultural dimensions are:
    • Power Distance: relationship between those in power and subordinates
    • Individualism vs Collectivism: degree of integration into groups
    • Masculinity vs Femininity: distribution of gender roles
    • Uncertainty Avoidance: tolerance of unpredictability
    • Long-Term vs Short-Term Orientation: focus on future rewards/immediate outcomes
    • Indulgence vs Restraint: gratification of human desires
  • Malaysia has the highest power distance index

Global Business Leader Characteristics

  • Overseas experience
  • Deep self-awareness
  • Culturally diverse (adaptable)
  • Humility
  • Lifelong learning and curiosity
  • Honesty
  • Globally strategic
  • Well spoken
  • Good negotiator
  • Human presence (visible)

Case Study: An American in Paris

  • Case study analysis in groups of 4-5 students
  • Determine cultural differences (Hofstede and VABEs)
  • Identify main reasons for managerial failures
  • Decide on alternative solutions for improved effectiveness
  • Resources available: case study, evaluation grid, and business case writing guide from UNSW

Environmental Factors/Issues

  • Factors impacting leadership decisions:
    • Self
    • Others/People
    • Task
    • Organization

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Skema Business School Leadership: Session 3 PDF

Description

Explore the key characteristics of global business leaders in this quiz based on a case study titled 'An American in Paris'. Delve into Hofstede's cultural dimensions and understand the significance of humility, self-awareness, and effective leadership in diverse cultures. Test your knowledge on the importance of varying cultural values in global business contexts.

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