Leadership II and Conflict Management
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the negotiation process?

  • Making joint decisions when parties have different preferences (correct)
  • Negotiating on behalf of a third party
  • Finding a common agreement regardless of preferences
  • Imposing one's will on the other party

Which of the following is NOT one of the six sources of power in negotiation?

  • Position
  • Compromise (correct)
  • Interests
  • Relationships

In the context of negotiation types, what does the term 'distributive' refer to?

  • Collaboration between parties for mutual benefit
  • Fixed pie of resources that requires division (correct)
  • Integration of interests to create new value
  • Flexible pie of resources to be expanded

What framework emphasizes that 'interests' are more important than 'position' in negotiation?

<p>Getting to Yes Framework (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key tip for effective negotiation simulations?

<p>Work your plan after thorough preparation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is social loafing?

<p>The tendency to exert less effort in a team setting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teams is NOT included in the types of teams mentioned?

<p>Virtual Team (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes organizational change?

<p>It involves strategic changes for competitive advantage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes social facilitation from social loafing?

<p>Social facilitation generally leads to improved performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are task roles in a team primarily focused on?

<p>Completing specific functions to achieve group objectives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of sport managers regarding new recruits?

<p>Articulate management experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step is not typically included in the Rational Decision-Making Model?

<p>Assign blame for failures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of the Rational Decision-Making Model?

<p>Decisions are often made under time constraints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Rational Decision-Making Model assume about the decision maker?

<p>They follow a structured plan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model suggests that decision makers are influenced by limited criteria?

<p>Administrative Model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of decision making, what does 'satisficing' mean?

<p>Settling for an option that is good enough (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the Rational Decision-Making Model?

<p>Recognize the right problem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves structured brainstorming and evaluating options like the Delphi technique?

<p>Nominal Group Technique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in Lewin’s Change Management Model?

<p>Unfreezing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of Lewin’s Force Field Analysis?

<p>Establishing new protocols (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be celebrated as part of the change process according to the content?

<p>Short-term wins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective communication occurs when:

<p>The perceived meaning aligns with the intended meaning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'Changing' step in Lewin’s Change Management Model?

<p>Implementing new ways of communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does empowering others to act involve in the change process?

<p>Motivating individuals to contribute (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about effective communicators is accurate?

<p>They practice active listening. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of meaningful change?

<p>It often takes a significant amount of time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the interpersonal communication process model?

<p>Sender (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a component of organizational culture?

<p>Artifacts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a core/shared value in an organization?

<p>An enduring belief of conduct or existence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do receivers have in effective communication?

<p>Active listening and clarifications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym TWTADAH refer to within organizational culture?

<p>The way things are done around here (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does organizational culture have on decision making?

<p>It shapes decisions of leaders and followers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically associated with temporary organizations?

<p>Stable, long-term goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leader's philosophy emphasizes 'Always Compete'?

<p>Pete Carroll (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of authentic leader development?

<p>Team Competition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of substantive conflict?

<p>Differing opinions about project goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of authentic leadership involves understanding personal strengths and weaknesses?

<p>Self-awareness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a conflict that arises from emotional antagonisms?

<p>Personal Conflict (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy for managing conflict involves avoiding the issue altogether?

<p>Avoidance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of relational transparency in authentic leadership?

<p>To be open and honest with others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about conflict is true?

<p>Conflict can lead to increased creativity and problem-solving if managed well. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a balanced processing of information in authentic leadership?

<p>Evaluating all relevant information before making decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Distributive Negotiation

A negotiation where parties try to divide a fixed amount of resources, like a pie. One party gains at the expense of the other.

Integrative Negotiation

A negotiation where parties work together to create more value for everyone. Aims for a win-win outcome.

Negotiation Power

The ability of one party to influence the other in a negotiation. Can come from resources, information, or relationships.

Interests over Positions

Focusing on underlying needs and desires instead of stated positions in a negotiation.

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Generating Options

A negotiation strategy focused on developing creative solutions to meet everyone's interests.

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Social Loafing

A situation where individuals put in less effort when working in a group, compared to working alone.

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Social Facilitation

The phenomenon where individuals perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks when in the presence of others.

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Problem-Solving Team (Task Force)

Teams formed to address a specific problem or issue, often temporary.

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Cross-Functional Team

Teams designed for long-term goals, involving members from various departments.

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Employee-Involvement Team

Teams focused on improving work processes and employee involvement.

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Rational Decision-Making Model

A decision-making model assuming perfect rationality. This model involves identifying the problem, gathering information, analyzing options, making the decision, implementing it, and evaluating the results.

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Rational Outcome Assumption

The assumption that the outcome of the decision will be rational, even if the information available or the actual selection process may not be.

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Following a Plan Assumption

The decision maker follows a structured plan, systematically considering all stages of the decision-making process.

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Knowing All Alternatives Assumption

The assumption that the decision-maker knows and considers all possible alternatives before making a choice.

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Calculating Success Assumption

The assumption that the decision-maker accurately assesses the success of each alternative based on a clear set of criteria.

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Decisions Made Under Time Constraints

Decisions made quickly and efficiently, often in situations where there may be incomplete information or limited time.

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Decision-Maker Limitations

Decision-makers are limited by their own knowledge, experience, and information-processing abilities.

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Theory vs. Practice in Rational Decision-Making

Refers to the difference between the idealized theory and the reality of decision-making in practice. Theory assumes perfect rationality, while practice often involves limitations and compromises.

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Organizational Change

A process of influencing people, productivity, structure, or technology within an organization.

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Lewin's Change Management Model

A model that describes the stages of change: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

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Lewin's Force Field Analysis

The 'driving forces' push for change; the 'restraining forces' resist it; the 'status quo' is the current situation.

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Short-Term Wins

Creating short-term wins early in the change process to motivate and build momentum.

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Active Listening

A form of communication where the listener actively seeks to understand the speaker's message and meaning.

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Effective Communication

Communication where the intended message of the sender matches the received message of the receiver.

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Interpersonal Communication

The process of communication between two or more people.

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Process Model of Communication

A mental model or diagram showing how communication flows between people.

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Conflict

A situation where one party feels their interests are being negatively affected by another party.

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Conflict Perception

The perception that someone's actions are going against your goals or interests.

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Substantive Conflict

A conflict that arises because people disagree on facts or how to solve a problem.

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Personal Conflict

A conflict that arises due to differences in styles, personalities, or communication.

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Avoidance

A conflict management strategy where you avoid engaging in the conflict.

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Use Authority

A conflict management strategy where you use authority to resolve the conflict.

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Increase Resources

A conflict management strategy where you increase available resources to reduce conflict.

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Confrontation

A conflict management strategy where you confront the conflict directly and attempt to resolve it.

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Organizational Culture

The way things are done around here; a shared understanding of beliefs, values, and practices within an organization.

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Artifacts of Organizational Culture

Tangible and intangible aspects of an organization that reflect its culture, such as dress codes, leadership styles, and shared values.

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Core Values

Enduring beliefs that a certain mode of conduct or end state of existence is preferable; core values shape how employees behave and what they prioritize within an organization.

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Communication Medium

A way of communicating that can be written or verbal, including the use of words, signs, or body language.

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Noise in Communication

Anything that interrupts the clear transmission or reception of a message, such as distractions, noise, or cultural differences.

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Interpersonal Communication Process

The process of encoding and decoding messages between a sender and a receiver, including the use of a communication medium, potential noise, and feedback.

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Organizational Culture's Impact on Leaders and Followers

The role of organizational culture in shaping the behavior, decisions, and outcomes of leaders and followers.

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Study Notes

Leadership II Agenda

  • Authentic leadership emphasizes self-awareness, internalized moral perspective, and balanced information processing. Relational transparency is crucial for inspiring and empowering others. Personal growth and development are essential for leaders.
  • Life stories and overcoming adversity are valuable for authentic leadership. Core values, motivation, and the support of a team enable effective leadership development.
  • Leaders should actively seek great feedback to improve their authentic leadership abilities.
  • Conflict is a process where differing interests/emotional antagonisms cause friction between parties. It can be positive or negative, depending on the context and outcome. Conflict is essential when evaluating potential organizational and team synergy.
  • Conflict is not inherently bad, and can positively support organizational performance and growth.

Conflict @ Work + Negotiation

  • Conflict is a process where one party feels its interests are threatened by another. It may result from issues of substance or emotional antagonisms.
  • Negotiation is a joint decision-making process between parties with differing preferences. Examples include salary negotiations and athlete contracts.
  • Negotiation types include distributive (fixed pie) and integrative.
  • Strategies include various conflict management techniques, communication, and interpersonal skills/styles. BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement) is important for any negotiation strategy, and requires thorough planning and preparation.
  • Strategies for conflict resolution and management are essential for leadership.

Advanced Negotiation/Simulations

  • Spotlighted issues in advanced negotiations include rivalries, time pressure, and audience presence.
  • Effective negotiation requires careful attention to potential core concerns, including autonomy and appreciation.
  • Important skills for negotiation include being aware and sensitive to the different party's needs. Negotiators should seek to understand the "why" behind the other person's position and not just focus on the "what."

Socialization

  • Socialization is a process in which members acquire attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge essential for organizational integration. Different approaches exist for socialization processes, often dependent on the length of an individual's employment and expected role in an organization.
  • There are three main stages of socialization: anticipatory, encounter, and role management.
  • Important habits for effective socialization include considering the other party, and avoiding self-serving biases when considering and establishing common ground.

Decision Making

  • Rational decision-making models assume a rational decision-maker. However, several constraints limit decision-making in practice. These include time constraints, limited information, and decision biases.
  • Alternative models, such as the garbage can model and the administrative model, acknowledge the complexity and uncertainties in decision-making processes.
  • Decision-making can be risky in team settings, and requires careful consideration to avoid groupthink and polarization. Techniques like nominal group technique, brainstorming, and the Delphi method are helpful for group decision-making.

Effective Teams

  • Effective teams are characterized by mutual support and interdependent member goals. Differences often improve team cohesion.
  • Ineffective teams struggle with collaboration.
  • Ineffective teams often demonstrate poor interpersonal communication, and suffer from poor leadership or direction.

Organizational Change

  • Organizational change is a complex process that involves several considerations, including organizational strategies, organizational support, and understanding various stages of change in a team or organization.
  • Change is not always easy and organizations may rely on multiple approaches to improve their competitive advantage, such as transitional or radical approaches.
  • The implications of organizational culture should be considered when implementing organizational change.
  • Lewin's three-stage model for change (unfreezing, changing, refreezing) is a useful framework for understanding and planning change.

Organizational Culture

  • Organizational culture encompasses the values, beliefs, and behaviours that shape how things are done within an organization. This can be displayed through common artifacts, shared beliefs, and tangible behaviors. Culture has a profound affect on success in any organization.

Interpersonal communication

  • Effective communication is crucial for achieving shared meaning between communicators. Differences in interpretation can lead to miscommunications and difficulties in achieving desired goals.

Ethical Consideration

  • Making ethical decisions requires careful consideration of both internal/management perspectives as well as external/public relations considerations.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts in authentic leadership and conflict management within organizations. It emphasizes the importance of self-awareness, relational transparency, and the role of conflict as both a challenge and an opportunity for growth. Engage with questions that test your understanding of effective leadership and negotiation strategies.

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