24 Questions
What is the definition of constipation?
Having a bowel movement less than 3 times per week
Which of the following is NOT a cause of constipation as mentioned in the text?
Excessive physical activity
Which of the following is considered a metabolic and endocrine disorder that can lead to constipation?
Diabetes mellitus with neuropathy
What is the recommended first-line treatment for constipation according to the text?
Non-pharmacological treatment including a diet rich in fibers
Which of the following is NOT a class of drugs that can contribute to constipation?
Antibiotics
Which neurological condition can be associated with neurogenic constipation according to the text?
Head trauma
Which type of laxative works by retaining water in the gut and distending the large intestine?
Bulk-forming agents
What is a potential adverse effect of bulk-forming agents?
Intestinal obstruction
Which osmotic laxative may produce hypermagnesemia and hypernatremia in patients with renal failure?
Mg sulfate & Na salts
What is the onset of action for osmotic laxatives like Polyethylene glycol?
24-72 hours
How do bulk-forming agents stimulate peristalsis?
By retaining water in the gut and distending the large intestine
Which laxative type works by their osmotic effect to activate stretch receptors and stimulate peristalsis?
Osmotic laxatives
Which of the following laxatives would be most appropriate for an infant or child?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
What is the laxative of choice for pregnant women?
Bisacodyl
Which drug is most suitable for long-term use as a laxative?
Lactulose
What is the drug of choice for Diabetic gastroparesis?
Metoclopramide
Which antihypertensive drug would be contraindicated in a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes, IBS, and HTN?
Both A & B
When using lubricant laxatives, which of the following is NOT considered a lubricant laxative?
Docusate
Which laxative produces inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme?
Castor oil
What is the mechanism of action for Lubiprostone and Linaclotide?
Activating chloride channels
Which laxative takes effect within 15—60 minutes after rectal administration?
Docusate sodium
What is the approved use for Lubiprostone (Amitiza)?
Chronic idiopathic constipation and constipation-predominant IBS-C in adults
What is the onset of action for stool softeners like Docusate sodium after oral administration?
12-72 hours
Which laxative acts by easing the passage of stool through activating chloride channels?
Liquid paraffin
Test your knowledge on the mechanism of action of irritant and stimulant laxatives, including Castor oil, Senna, Bisacodyl, and Docusate sodium. Learn how these laxatives produce inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme, and stimulate peristalsis.
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