Types of Laxatives and Their Mechanisms

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What is the main cause of constipation as explained in the text?

Excessive contractions in the anorectal area

Rapid movement of content through the colon

Absorption of too much water in the colon (correct)

High gut motility leading to quick transit time

How does decreased gut motility impact transit time through the colon?

Decreased gut motility has no effect on transit time

Decreased gut motility lengthens transit time (correct)

Decreased gut motility shortens transit time

Decreased gut motility increases fluid absorption

What happens when undigested food reaches the colon?

It initiates the absorption of water and electrolytes by the colon (correct)

It directly moves to the rectum without any processing

It triggers rapid contractions in the anorectal area

It is absorbed by the colon without any changes

How do colon contractions contribute to the feeling of wanting to defecate?

They signal the individual to have the desire to defecate Signup and view all the answers

What is a direct consequence of longer transit time through the colon?

Greater absorption of fluid, leading to harder stools Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical timeframe for osmotic laxatives to start working?

4-72 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which type of laxative softens the feces and aids motility through the colon?

Liquid paraffin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of osmotic laxatives?

Drawing water into the gut lumen Signup and view all the answers

In the context of diarrhoea, what defines chronic diarrhoea?

Lasting more than 2-3 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes acute diarrhoea?

Self-limiting and resolves within 48 hours Signup and view all the answers

How do faecal softeners and lubricants help in the management of diarrhoea?

Soften the faeces and aid colon motility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a common cause of constipation?

High fluid intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct first-line treatment for constipation according to the text?

Increasing fibre intake Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is listed as a possible result of constipation in the text?

Anal fissures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using bulking laxatives in constipation management?

To increase faecal volume Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT mentioned as a referral criteria for constipation management in the text?

Constipation during pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lifestyle management in treating constipation?

To improve bowel habits Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for diarrhoea?

Oral rehydration therapy with oral rehydration solution Signup and view all the answers

Which age group should be referred for diarrhoea if it has been present for more than 72 hours?

Older children and adults Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of loperamide in treating diarrhoea?

Decreasing gut motility and increasing fluid absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of diarrhoea?

Weakness and fatigue due to dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Who is not licensed to use loperamide for treating diarrhoea according to the text?

Children under 12 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason to refer a diabetic patient for diarrhoea?

Diarrhoea present for more than 72 hours Signup and view all the answers