8 Questions
How do d-block elements form ions?
Lose ns electrons before (n – 1) d electrons
What effect do the 3d electrons have on shielding 4s electrons from nuclear charge?
Shield the 4s electrons more effectively than outer shell electrons
What is the general trend of atomic radii along the 3d series?
Decrease less rapidly
What effect does the filling of 4f orbitals have on atomic radii?
Decreases atomic radii
Why do ionization energies increase only slightly along the 3d series?
Due to the shielding effect of 3d electrons
In which ions are the d configurations without 4s electrons found?
Doubly or more highly charged ions
Why does the trend of increasing values of second ionization enthalpy break for Mn2+ and Fe3+?
Due to the d5 configuration of these ions
What is responsible for the value of ionization enthalpy in an electronic configuration dn?
Attraction of each electron towards nucleus, repulsion between electrons, and exchange energy
Explore the concept of Lanthanoid contraction, where the filling of 4f orbitals before 5d orbitals results in a regular decrease in atomic radii. Learn how this phenomenon compensates for the expected increase in atomic size with increasing atomic number in d- and f-block elements.
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