Lanthanoid Contraction Phenomenon
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Questions and Answers

How do d-block elements form ions?

  • Lose (n – 1) d electrons before ns electrons
  • Gain ns electrons before (n – 1) d electrons
  • Simultaneously lose ns and (n – 1) d electrons
  • Lose ns electrons before (n – 1) d electrons (correct)

    • What effect do the 3d electrons have on shielding 4s electrons from nuclear charge?

  • Increase the nuclear charge on 4s electrons
  • Shield the 4s electrons more effectively than outer shell electrons (correct)
  • Shield the 4s electrons less effectively than outer shell electrons
  • Have no effect on the shielding of 4s electrons

    • What is the general trend of atomic radii along the 3d series?

  • Remain constant
  • Decrease more rapidly
  • Decrease less rapidly (correct)
  • Increase along the series

    • What effect does the filling of 4f orbitals have on atomic radii?

    <p>Decreases atomic radii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do ionization energies increase only slightly along the 3d series?

    <p>Due to the shielding effect of 3d electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which ions are the d configurations without 4s electrons found?

    <p>Doubly or more highly charged ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the trend of increasing values of second ionization enthalpy break for Mn2+ and Fe3+?

    <p>Due to the d5 configuration of these ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the value of ionization enthalpy in an electronic configuration dn?

    <p>Attraction of each electron towards nucleus, repulsion between electrons, and exchange energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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