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Questions and Answers
What percentage of basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing are obtained from land?
What percentage of basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing are obtained from land?
What is soil primarily considered as, according to the text?
What is soil primarily considered as, according to the text?
Which human activity has significantly contributed to land degradation according to the text?
Which human activity has significantly contributed to land degradation according to the text?
What is identified as one of the main reasons for land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra?
What is identified as one of the main reasons for land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra?
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How can the degradation of arid areas be checked according to the text?
How can the degradation of arid areas be checked according to the text?
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What is responsible for the increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil in states like Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh?
What is responsible for the increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil in states like Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh?
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What are some ways to solve the problems of land degradation mentioned in the text?
What are some ways to solve the problems of land degradation mentioned in the text?
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Which industrial process mentioned in the text generates a significant amount of dust that can affect soil health?
Which industrial process mentioned in the text generates a significant amount of dust that can affect soil health?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the formation of soil?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the formation of soil?
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Why is it important to conserve and manage land according to the text?
Why is it important to conserve and manage land according to the text?
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What has become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country in recent years?
What has become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country in recent years?
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Which activity is NOT mentioned as contributing to land degradation in the text?
Which activity is NOT mentioned as contributing to land degradation in the text?
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What was advocated as a means for resource conservation in the report?
What was advocated as a means for resource conservation in the report?
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Which event saw a significant contribution regarding the concept of 'Sustainable Development'?
Which event saw a significant contribution regarding the concept of 'Sustainable Development'?
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What percentage of India's land area consists of mountains?
What percentage of India's land area consists of mountains?
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What is the significance of plateaus in terms of resources in India?
What is the significance of plateaus in terms of resources in India?
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Which land resource category includes barren and waste land as well as land used for non-agricultural purposes?
Which land resource category includes barren and waste land as well as land used for non-agricultural purposes?
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What do mountains contribute to in terms of resources and sustainability?
What do mountains contribute to in terms of resources and sustainability?
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Study Notes
Land Use and Degradation
- Waste land includes rocky, arid, and desert areas, as well as land used for non-agricultural purposes such as settlements, roads, railways, and industry.
- Continuous use of land without proper conservation and management leads to land degradation, which has severe consequences on society and the environment.
Measures to Prevent Land Degradation
- Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help mitigate land degradation to some extent.
- Other methods to prevent land degradation in arid areas include:
- Planting shelter belts of plants
- Controlling over grazing
- Stabilizing sand dunes by growing thorny bushes
- In industrial and suburban areas, proper management of waste lands, controlling mining activities, and proper disposal of industrial effluents and wastes can reduce land and water degradation.
Importance of Land Conservation
- 95% of our basic needs for food, shelter, and clothing are obtained from land.
- Human activities have contributed to land degradation, including deforestation, over grazing, mining, and quarrying.
Types of Land Degradation
- In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha, deforestation due to mining has caused severe land degradation.
- In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, overgrazing is a major reason for land degradation.
- In states like Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation has led to land degradation due to water logging and increased salinity and alkalinity in the soil.
Soil as a Resource
- Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.
- It takes millions of years to form soil up to a few cm in depth.
- Factors influencing soil formation include relief, parent rock, climate, vegetation, and other forms of life, and time.
Land Resources
- Land is a natural resource of utmost importance, supporting natural vegetation, wildlife, human life, economic activities, transport, and communication systems.
- India has land under a variety of relief features, including mountains, plateaus, plains, and islands.
- About 43% of the land area is plain, which provides facilities for agriculture and industry.
Land Utilisation
- Land resources are used for various purposes, including:
- Forests
- Land not available for cultivation (barren and waste land, land used for non-agricultural purposes)
- Other purposes (e.g. agriculture, industry)
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Description
Explore the various causes of land degradation in different states of India, such as deforestation, mining, overgrazing, and over irrigation. Learn about the environmental impacts of these activities on the land.
