Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Overview
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of Biological Risk Association Philippines (BRAP)?

  • Promote agricultural development
  • Regulate health sector policies
  • Serve emergent concerns of biological risk management (correct)
  • Facilitate international biological research

    • When was the American Biological Safety Association (ABSA) founded?

  • 1984 (correct)
  • 1995
  • 1990
  • 1982

    • Which of the following best describes the primary function of the Biohazard Symbol?

  • Instruct on personal protective equipment usage
  • Signify the presence of infectious materials (correct)
  • Represent safe handling procedures in laboratories
  • Indicate areas of commercial farming

    • Which of the following sectors does BRAP serve?

    <p>Health, agriculture, and technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the tagline of ABSA ('assess, mitigate, monitor') indicate?

    <p>Key components of biological risk management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the chain of infection?

    <p>Economic impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organization is ABSA classified as?

    <p>Professional society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is NOT involved in biological risk management?

    <p>Transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant publication did the World Health Assembly release in 1967?

    <p>WHO Biosafety Guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marked a shift toward ethical biological research in 1969?

    <p>Ending of the US Biological Weapons Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was published by the CDC and NIH in 1974?

    <p>Formally structured biosafety practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the NIH issue in 1976 that was significant for research?

    <p>Guidelines for research involving recombinant DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the year 1984 in relation to biosafety?

    <p>Publication of the Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is biosafety primarily concerned with?

    <p>Preventing unintentional exposure to pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key development in laboratory biosafety during the early 20th century?

    <p>Development of mechanical pipettors by Arnold Wendum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes biosecurity?

    <p>It focuses on protecting against unauthorized access to biological materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which association formalized international biosafety practices in 1967?

    <p>World Health Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective way to break the chain of infection?

    <p>Eliminating any link in the chain of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is classified according to risk groups in laboratory biosafety?

    <p>Categories of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does training have in biosafety and biosecurity?

    <p>It ensures compliance with safety and security regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Assessing risk in laboratories primarily involves which of the following?

    <p>Ensuring safety and security protocols are followed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does access control refer to in laboratory safety?

    <p>Managing who has access to biological materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of laboratory safety, what does the term 'transfer' refer to?

    <p>Security transfer of biological materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of planning in laboratory biosafety?

    <p>To prepare for potential incidents or misuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of an environmental health engineer like Baldwin?

    <p>Managing hazards in public health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Risk Group 4 microorganisms is accurate?

    <p>They pose a high risk to individuals and communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key characteristic used to classify microorganisms into risk groups?

    <p>Agent's pathogenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples represents a Risk Group 4 microorganism?

    <p>Ebola Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of transmission is associated with Risk Group 4 microorganisms?

    <p>Airborne and droplet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge in managing Risk Group 4 microorganisms?

    <p>Life-threatening nature with few treatment options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might hinder preventive measures for Risk Group 4 pathogens?

    <p>Inaccessibility of vaccinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic defines the host range of a microorganism?

    <p>The variety of host species that can be infected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of integrating non-pathogenic organisms into laboratory practice?

    <p>To provide protection from pathogenic microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biosafety level is characterized by handling indigenous moderate-risk agents?

    <p>Biosafety level 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infectious agents would typically require a laboratory to operate at biosafety level 3?

    <p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors are considered in classifying microorganisms into different risk groups?

    <p>Pathogenicity and treatment availability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is an example of a non-pathogenic microorganism used in laboratory practices?

    <p>Naegleria gruberi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are laboratories classified according to biosafety levels?

    <p>To ensure safety precautions match the risk of agents handled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microorganism is classified in risk group 1?

    <p>Non-pathogenic microorganisms usually not harmful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the requirement for effective treatment measures in laboratory practice?

    <p>Presence of pathogenic agents with treatment options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Biosafety Level 3?

    <p>Primary and secondary barriers for protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an agent classified under Biosafety Level 3?

    <p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Biosafety Level 4 from Biosafety Level 3?

    <p>Biosafety Level 4 involves enclosed zones with advanced waste management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following agents poses high individual risks at Biosafety Level 4?

    <p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of organizations advocating for biosafety?

    <p>They provide guidelines and support for biosafety practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of agents classified at Biosafety Level 4?

    <p>They can cause life-threatening diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does specialized ventilation play in Biosafety Level 4?

    <p>It ensures containment of dangerous pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the history of biosafety contribute to current practices?

    <p>It highlights past failures to improve future guidelines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity

    • Laboratory biosafety and biosecurity are critical concepts in laboratory practice
    • The integration of these principles into lab practice is important for protection against pathogenic microorganisms
    • The integration helps prevent unintentional or intentional release into the environment
    • Microorganisms are classified into four risk groups: risk group 1, risk group 2, risk group 3, and risk group 4
    • This classification is based on factors like pathogenicity, mode of transmission, host range, and preventative measures
    • Laboratories are classified according to biosafety levels (BSL 1, BSL 2, BSL 3, and BSL 4)
    • Each level is designed for specific agents and their potential risk levels

    Brief History of Laboratory Biosafety

    • 1907-1908: Arnold Wendum developed mechanical pipettors to prevent lab-acquired infections
    • 1909: A pharmaceutical company created a ventilated cabinet to contain Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
    • 1943: The US Biological Weapons Program established
    • 1944: Newell Johnson developed Class II safety cabinets and laminar flow hoods
    • 1966: Arnold Wendum introduced comprehensive containment for lab infection control
    • 1969: World Health Assembly published WHO Biosafety guidelines
    • 1974: CDC and NIH published formal biosafety practices
    • 1976: NIH issued guidelines for research involving recombinant DNA technology
    • 1984: Published the Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) guidelines
    • 1996: Select Agent Regulations (SAR) were created
    • 2001: Revised SAR requiring specific security measures for facilities

    Brief History of Lab Biosecurity

    • 1996: Created select agent regulations (SAR)
    • 2001: Revised SAR, specifying security requirements

    Chain of Infection

    • Microorganisms travel in a chain of infection, requiring specific links for transmission
    • This includes agent, reservoir, portal of exit, transmission mode, portal of entry, and susceptible host
    • Breaking any link in this chain can help prevent the spread of infection

    Fundamental Concepts of Lab Biosafety

    & Biosecurity

    • Biosafety: Containment practices, technologies, and practices preventing accidental pathogen exposure
    • Biosecurity: Protection, control, and accountability for biological materials within labs
    • Prevent unauthorized access, loss, theft, or intentional release of biological materials

    Classifications of Microorganisms

    • Risk Group 1: Low individual and community risk; microorganisms unlikely to cause disease
    • Risk Group 2: Moderate individual/limited community risk
    • Risk Group 3: High individual/limited to moderate community risk; causing serious disease
    • Risk Group 4: High individual and community risk; life-threatening disease, highly transmissible

    Biosafety Levels

    • Biosafety level 1 (BSL-1) is the lowest level, with the least risk of infection
    • Biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) is the highest level, housing agents with high risk of life-threatening diseases and high transmissibility.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    LEC-06-Basic-Concepts PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts of laboratory biosafety and biosecurity, emphasizing their critical role in protecting against pathogenic microorganisms. It details risk group classifications and biosafety levels, providing a comprehensive background on the principles essential for safe laboratory practices.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser