Questions and Answers
Based on what you have seen, which is the best definition for an acid?
What results from a reaction of a base (BOH) and a hydronium ion (H3O+)?
2 H2O + B+
What makes an acid acidic?
chemical structure
Which unit is used to express the acidity of an acid or alkaline solution?
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What precautions should you take when working with strong acids and bases?
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What is the definition of a base?
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If you have a glass of pure water, without any acids or bases, how many hydronium ions (H3O+) do you expect?
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According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is water?
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Guess how many water molecules self-ionize in one liter of water!
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What is the difference in concentration of hydronium ions between pH 1 and pH 4?
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How are the pOH and pH linked?
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Does the intake of acidic or alkaline foods affect the blood pH?
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What is the smallest pH possible?
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Study Notes
Acids
- Acids are substances that donate protons (H⁺) in aqueous solutions.
- The acidity of an acid is determined by its chemical structure.
- Water can act as both an acid and a base according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition.
Bases
- Bases are defined as substances that accept protons in chemical reactions.
- The reaction between a base (BOH) and a hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) produces two water molecules (2 H₂O) and a metal cation (B⁺).
pH and Acidity
- pH is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
- The relationship between pH and pOH is expressed as: pH + pOH = 14.
- The difference in concentration of hydronium ions between pH 1 and pH 4 is a factor of 1,000.
Water Properties
- In pure water, the concentrations of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻) are equal.
- Approximately 0.0000001 moles of water molecules self-ionize in one liter.
Blood pH
- Consumption of acidic or alkaline foods does not significantly impact blood pH; it remains constant regardless of dietary intake.
Safety Precautions
- When handling strong acids and bases, it is essential to always wear goggles and gloves for protection.
Miscellaneous
- There is no fixed minimum for pH levels, indicating that theoretically, the pH can continue to decrease without limit.
Studying That Suits You
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Test your knowledge of acids and bases with these flashcards. Each card presents a key concept regarding the behavior and properties of acids and bases, essential for understanding chemistry. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning in a quick and interactive way.
