canine pathology

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes the enteritis observed in dogs older than 15 days?

Acute lymphocytosis

Increased villi density

Lymphoid hyperplasia

Crypt hyperplasia (correct)

Which of the following clinical signs is associated with infectious canine hepatitis?

Swollen lymph nodes

Diarrhea

Corneal edema (correct)

Hair loss

What type of myocarditis is noted in infectious canine hepatitis?

Fibrotic myocarditis

Eosinophilic myocarditis

Necroheamorrhagic myocarditis (correct)

Lymphocytic myocarditis

What histopathological feature is indicative of severe enteritis in dogs?

Villar blunting Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is responsible for infectious canine hepatitis?

Adenovirus 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of leukopenia in dogs with infectious canine hepatitis?

Viral replication in white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is one notable lesion found in the liver of dogs with infectious canine hepatitis?

Jaundice due to hepatocyte injury Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature noted in the small intestine of pups affected by necrotizing enteritis?

Acute villous atrophy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with diffuse hemorrhagic diathesis?

Loss of appetite Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory test is primarily used to assess clotting factors?

Coagulation tests Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of widespread endothelial damage in terms of clotting?

Accelerated consumption of clotting factors Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging technique may be used to observe an enlarged liver?

Ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

What condition is associated with the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in the liver?

Diffuse hemorrhagic hepatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential post-recovery complication observed in some dogs after treatment for hemorrhagic conditions?

Immune complex glomerulonephritis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is least likely to occur with hemorrhagic conditions?

Increased appetite Signup and view all the answers

What describes the type of liver damage seen in severe, acute diffuse centrilobular to midzonal bridging hepatic necrosis?

Severe acute destruction Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical sign of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

Bloody diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which lesion is typical of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

Segmental lesion on the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis related to the cardiac form of this disease?

Lymphocytic myocarditis Signup and view all the answers

What causes death in puppies with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

Severe dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific diagnosis indicator for hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

High PCV Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical sign is NOT typically associated with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

Skin rash Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the appearance of lesions in hemorrhagic gastroenteritis?

Dark red hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What is a common finding on histopathological examination of this disease?

Intranuclear inclusion bodies Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis

Lesions: Segmental lesions on small intestine, characterized by dark red hemorrhage (distended small intestine) and transmural necrohemorrhagic enteritis. Segmental lesions with dark pink/fibrosis and distended small intestine, segmental fibrinonecrotizing enteritis are also noted. Intranuclear inclusion bodies are present in columnar epithelial cell nuclei.
Clinical Signs: Bloody diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, lethargy, loss of appetite, dehydration, fever, and collapse are common.
Pathogenesis/Causes: Generalized necrosis of various organs, often fatal within 10 days, is a common characteristic of this condition.
Diagnosis: PCV (packed cell volume) is a key diagnostic metric, with values of >55% being highly suggestive of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE).

Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Lesions: Characterized by diffuse atrophy of the heart, with dark red petechial hemorrhage. Multifocal to coalescing necrohemorrhagic myocarditis (heart tissue damage) is seen. Corneal edema and leukopenia may occur. Gall bladder colitis, enlarged liver, and hemorrhagic hepatitis are also indicative of the infection.
Clinical Signs: Fever, jaundice, depression, loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, coughing, and exhaustion are frequent clinical signs.
Pathogenesis/Causes: Inflammatory responses led by adenovirus or similar viruses may cause generalized hemorrhages. Widespread damage to endothelial cells initiates a cascade of events that leads to accelerated consumption of clotting factors possibly associated with a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) process.
Diagnosis: A full blood count (complete blood count) alongside coagulation tests are recommended. Ultrasound scans to assess liver enlargement and liver biopsies may also be necessary.

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