18 Questions
Which of the following must be true according to Koch's postulates?
The isolated microorganism causes the same disease when inoculated into a healthy host.
Who introduced the use of agar, a solidifying agent, in the preparation of culture media?
Fanny Hesse
What is the significance of Edward Jenner in the field of immunology?
He introduced the concept of vaccination using cowpox.
Who used the term 'vaccine' for an attenuated culture?
Louis Pasteur
Which scientist made a series of experiments to produce attenuated strains of bacteria?
Louis Pasteur
What is the purpose of Koch's postulates in microbiology?
To determine if a specific microorganism causes a particular disease.
What process describes the conversion of sugar to alcohol by yeasts in the absence of air?
Fermentation
Which scientist proposed minimal heating of beers and wines to kill bacteria, a process known as pasteurization?
Louis Pasteur
Who is credited with demonstrating that routine handwashing can prevent the spread of diseases?
Ignaz Semmelweis
Which scientist pioneered the promotion of handwashing, wearing gloves, and sterilizing surgical instruments in antiseptic surgery?
Joseph Lister
Who was the first to provide irrefutable proof that bacteria cause diseases?
Robert Koch
On which medium did Robert Koch cultivate bacteria for observing their growth isolated from the human body?
Boiled potatoes
Who created a porcelain bacterial filter and developed the anthrax vaccine with Pasteur?
Charles Chamberland
Which scientist was the first to describe the cells of the immune system and the process of phagocytosis?
Élie Metchnikoff
Who discovered streptomycin and neomycin antibiotics, earning the title 'Father of Antibiotics' by some historians?
Selman Waksman
Which scientist accidentally discovered the antibiotic penicillin from Penicillium notatum?
Alexander Fleming
Who proposed the correct biochemical structure of penicillin for the first time?
Edward Abraham
Which scientist discovered salvarsan (arsphenamine) for the treatment of syphilis?
Paul Ehrlich
This quiz covers Koch's postulates, a set of criteria used to establish the causative relationship between a microorganism and a disease. The postulates involve isolating the microorganism from a diseased host, growing it in pure culture, reinoculating it into a healthy host, and reisolating it from the diseased host.
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