10 Questions
Which of the following statements is not a correct critique on the Koch’s postulates?
None of the above
The consequences of prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics include all, except____
Development of immunity or resistance to infection for prolonged period
Where in the human body are normal flora commonly found?
Skin, eyes, upper respiratory, gastrointestinal tracts, & urogenital tracts
Why is the stomach a relatively low-density area for bacteria?
Due to gastric enzymes and acidic pH
Part of the human normal microflora that occupies the nasopharynx and often involved in opportunistic acute bacterial pneumonia in elderly and immune compromised is __
Streptococcus pneumonia
The part of the nasopharyngeal flora that is commonly associated with African epidemic meningitis is __
Neisseria meningitidis
The beneficial role of the normal microbial flora includes___
a and b
Which of the following is part of the normal flora of the colon and the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans?
Escherichia coli
The adult human vagina owes the protective low pH conferred to it by ______
Lactobacillus
Which of the following is a challenge posed by normal flora during the isolation and identification of pathogens from clinical specimens?
Interference with the growth of pathogens
Study Notes
Critique of Koch's Postulates
- One of the limitations of Koch's postulates is not considered a correct critique.
Consequences of Prolonged Antibiotic Use
- Prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can lead to various consequences, excluding ___________.
Normal Flora in Human Body
- Normal flora are commonly found in areas such as the skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract.
Low Bacterial Density in Stomach
- The stomach has a relatively low density of bacteria due to its acidic environment.
Nasopharyngeal Flora
- The part of the normal microflora that occupies the nasopharynx and is often involved in opportunistic acute bacterial pneumonia in elderly and immune-compromised individuals is Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Association with African Epidemic Meningitis
- The part of the nasopharyngeal flora commonly associated with African epidemic meningitis is Neisseria meningitidis.
Benefits of Normal Microbial Flora
- The beneficial role of the normal microbial flora includes preventing colonization by pathogens, aiding in nutrient digestion and absorption, and regulating the immune system.
Normal Flora of the Colon and UTIs
- Escherichia coli (E. coli) is part of the normal flora of the colon and is also the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans.
pH Regulation in the Vagina
- The adult human vagina owes its protective low pH to the presence of Lactobacillus spp.
Challenges of Normal Flora in Pathogen Identification
- One of the challenges posed by normal flora during the isolation and identification of pathogens from clinical specimens is distinguishing between pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms.
Test your knowledge on critiques of Koch's postulates by identifying statements that are not accurately critiquing the principles. See if you can spot the incorrect critique among the options provided.
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