Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the role of the anterior portion of the muscle when the hip is extended?
What is the role of the anterior portion of the muscle when the hip is extended?
- It maintains hip stability.
- It acts as a lateral rotator of the hip.
- It primarily flexes the hip joint.
- It is a medial rotator of the hip. (correct)
How does the rotation moment arm of this muscle compare to that of the gluteus medius?
How does the rotation moment arm of this muscle compare to that of the gluteus medius?
- It has a similar rotation moment arm.
- It does not have a rotation moment arm.
- It has a smaller rotation moment arm.
- It has a larger rotation moment arm. (correct)
What function does the posterior portion of the muscle serve?
What function does the posterior portion of the muscle serve?
- It primarily extends the hip joint.
- It acts as a medial rotator of the hip.
- It serves as an abductor of the hip.
- It functions as a lateral rotator. (correct)
Which of the following statements is true regarding the muscle mentioned?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the muscle mentioned?
Which action does the posterior portion of the muscle NOT perform?
Which action does the posterior portion of the muscle NOT perform?
What is a primary functional role of the adductors of the hip?
What is a primary functional role of the adductors of the hip?
In which range do the middle and posterior segments have smaller adduction moment arms?
In which range do the middle and posterior segments have smaller adduction moment arms?
Which statement about the adductors of the hip is incorrect?
Which statement about the adductors of the hip is incorrect?
Which of the following functions is not typically associated with the hip adductors?
Which of the following functions is not typically associated with the hip adductors?
How do the middle and posterior segments of the hip adductors function during movement?
How do the middle and posterior segments of the hip adductors function during movement?
What is the primary function of the adductor brevis muscle?
What is the primary function of the adductor brevis muscle?
How does the position of hip flexion affect the adductor brevis's ability to function?
How does the position of hip flexion affect the adductor brevis's ability to function?
Which statement is true regarding the adductor brevis muscle's moment arms?
Which statement is true regarding the adductor brevis muscle's moment arms?
Which surgical procedure has been associated with reported injuries?
Which surgical procedure has been associated with reported injuries?
What would likely happen if the adductor brevis was weakened?
What would likely happen if the adductor brevis was weakened?
In which of the following activities would the adductor brevis be mainly engaged?
In which of the following activities would the adductor brevis be mainly engaged?
Which of the following types of delivery has a rare association with certain injuries?
Which of the following types of delivery has a rare association with certain injuries?
What type of prostatectomy is mentioned in association with reported injuries?
What type of prostatectomy is mentioned in association with reported injuries?
Which of these surgical methods is least likely to be associated with reported injuries according to the information?
Which of these surgical methods is least likely to be associated with reported injuries according to the information?
What is the commonality between laparoscopic and endoscopic surgeries mentioned?
What is the commonality between laparoscopic and endoscopic surgeries mentioned?
What effect does tightness of the iliacus have on hip extension range of motion (ROM)?
What effect does tightness of the iliacus have on hip extension range of motion (ROM)?
What postural change occurs in individuals with tight iliacus muscles while standing?
What postural change occurs in individuals with tight iliacus muscles while standing?
Which spinal position is accentuated as a result of iliacus tightness causing anterior pelvic tilt?
Which spinal position is accentuated as a result of iliacus tightness causing anterior pelvic tilt?
How does iliacus tightness influence a person's ability to maintain vision of the horizon?
How does iliacus tightness influence a person's ability to maintain vision of the horizon?
In a standing position, which condition is most likely to occur as a result of iliacus tightness?
In a standing position, which condition is most likely to occur as a result of iliacus tightness?
What is the primary cause of the gluteus maximus lurch gait pattern?
What is the primary cause of the gluteus maximus lurch gait pattern?
During which part of the gait cycle does the lurch primarily occur?
During which part of the gait cycle does the lurch primarily occur?
How is the trunk positioned in a gluteus maximus lurch?
How is the trunk positioned in a gluteus maximus lurch?
What effect does gluteus maximus weakness have on gait mechanics?
What effect does gluteus maximus weakness have on gait mechanics?
What is NOT a characteristic of the gluteus maximus lurch?
What is NOT a characteristic of the gluteus maximus lurch?
Flashcards
Gluteus medius function
Gluteus medius function
Hip extensor and medial rotator.
Gluteus medius rotation moment arm
Gluteus medius rotation moment arm
Relatively smaller rotation arm than the other muscle.
Hip extension
Hip extension
Straightening the hip joint, extending the leg backward.
Anterior gluteus medius function
Anterior gluteus medius function
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Posterior gluteus medius function
Posterior gluteus medius function
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Adductor brevis function
Adductor brevis function
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Adductor brevis location
Adductor brevis location
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Adductor brevis importance
Adductor brevis importance
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Adduction moment arm
Adduction moment arm
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Hip adduction
Hip adduction
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Adductor Function
Adductor Function
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Weight Shifting
Weight Shifting
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Hip Flexion Range
Hip Flexion Range
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Pelvic Stabilization
Pelvic Stabilization
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Laparoscopic Prostatectomy
Laparoscopic Prostatectomy
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Endoscopic Prostatectomy
Endoscopic Prostatectomy
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Vaginal Delivery
Vaginal Delivery
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Prostate Gland
Prostate Gland
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Injuries After Surgery
Injuries After Surgery
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Iliacus tightness effect
Iliacus tightness effect
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Iliacus tightness posture
Iliacus tightness posture
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Anterior pelvic tilt
Anterior pelvic tilt
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Lumbar spine hyperextension
Lumbar spine hyperextension
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Vision of the horizon
Vision of the horizon
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Gluteus Maximus Lurch
Gluteus Maximus Lurch
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What is the gluteus maximus lurch associated with?
What is the gluteus maximus lurch associated with?
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When does the gluteus maximus lurch occur?
When does the gluteus maximus lurch occur?
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What is the purpose of the hip extension in the gluteus maximus lurch?
What is the purpose of the hip extension in the gluteus maximus lurch?
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What happens to the trunk during the gluteus maximus lurch?
What happens to the trunk during the gluteus maximus lurch?
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Study Notes
Instructor Information
- Instructor: Karim Ghuiba
- Title: Lecturer of Physical Therapy
- Affiliation: Cairo-Galala University
- Additional Qualification: Doctor of Physical Therapy
- Location: New York, USA
- Date of Presentation: 10/9/2024
Kinesiology 2 - Fall 2024
- Course: Kinesiology 2
- Institution: Galala University
- Semester: Fall 2024
Lecture (2): Pathomechanics of the Hip Joint
- Topic: Pathomechanics of the hip joint
- Focus: Detailed study of the hip joint, including muscles and their functions.
Hip Joint Muscles
- Psoas Major:
- Small moment arm for flexion but large PCSA.
- Center of mass (HAT) posterior, applying extension moment.
- Flexion moment to counteract extension.
- Better aligned for applying compressive loads to the lumbar spine.
- Contributes to low back pain during hip flexion
- Iliacus:
- Large muscle with PCSA equal to or greater than psoas major.
- Primary hip flexor.
- Together with psoas major = iliopsoas muscle.
- EMG activity during sit-ups and curl-ups.
- Supports hip in standing, preventing HAT weight hyperextension.
- Weakness decreases hip flexion strength.
- Similar functional effects as weakness of psoas major.
- Psoas Minor:
- Often grouped with hip flexors but has no attachment on femur.
- Considered a trunk muscle.
- Reported absent in about 40% of the population.
- When present, its actions are not isolated.
- Smaller and weaker than psoas major.
- Gluteus Maximus:
- Large muscle with large PCSA.
- Primary extensor of the hip.
- Active in trunk hyperextension from prone position.
- Active during stair climbing, wall squats, and mini-squats.
- More activity during extension from the extended/hyperextended position.
- Strength is important for hip extension and lateral rotation.
- Weakness results in decreased strength of hip extension and lateral rotation (and a "gluteus maximus lurch") in walking.
- Gluteus Medius:
- Abducts the hip.
- May medially rotate the hip (anterior fibers) or laterally rotate (posterior fibers).
- Gluteus Minimus:
- Another strong abductor, smaller than the gluteus medius.
- Anterior part as medial rotator.
- Posterior part as lateral rotator.
- Attached to the hip joint capsule and helps protect from impingement during abduction.
- Hip Adductors (Pectineus, Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, & Adductor Magnus):
- Stabilizes pelvis and hip during weight shifting in gait.
- Active during squats/lifting/swinging (e.g., walking, running).
- Weakness causes gait instability and an abducted gait .
- Tightness is relatively common in sedentary individuals and those on bed rest..
Hip Actions
- Flexion
- Extension
- Adduction
- Abduction
- Medial Rotation
- Lateral Rotation
Effects of Weakness
- Psoas Major weakness: decreased hip flexion strength, difficulty with tasks like lifting a limb in and out of the bathtub or climbing stairs. Loss of muscle bulk potentially linked to age-related declines like decreased balance and difficulty climbing stairs.
- Iliacus weakness: decreased hip flexion strength, similar functional effects as psoas weakness.
- Gluteus Maximus weakness: Decreased hip extension and lateral rotation strength; gait pattern changes.
- Gluteus Medius/Minimus weakness: Reduced hip abduction, likely influencing weight-bearing activities requiring single-limb support (gait).
- Adductor weakness: Gait instability, abducted gait.
Effects of Tightness
- Psoas major tightness: restricts hip extension ROM, limits trunk side-bending flexibility, results in increased lumbar lordosis in standing posture.
- Iliacus tightness: reduces hip extension ROM, results in anterior pelvic tilt and hyperextension of the lumbar spine.
- Gluteus maximus tightness: limits hip ROM in flexion and possibly adduction
- Abductor Muscle tightness: reduces ROM in adduction, possibly lateral rotation; may be seen in individuals with arthritis .
Terminology
- PCSA (Physiological Cross-Sectional Area): measure of muscle size
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Description
Explore the pathomechanics of the hip joint in this detailed quiz. Focus on the muscles involved, particularly the Psoas Major and Iliacus, and their functions during hip movement. Perfect for students of Kinesiology studying the intricacies of hip mechanics.
