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Questions and Answers
Match the following parts of the kidney with their functions:
Cortex = Filtration of blood Medulla = Concentration of urine Renal pelvis = Collects urine from the kidney Nephrons = Basic functional unit of the kidney
Match the following kidney disorders with their descriptions:
Nephritis = Inflammation of the kidney Renal calculi = Formation of kidney stones Renal failure = Inability of the kidneys to function properly Polycystic kidney disease = Formation of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys
Match the following substances with their reabsorption sites in the kidney:
Sodium = Proximal convoluted tubule Water = Descending limb of loop of Henle Urea = Collecting duct Glucose = Proximal convoluted tubule
Study Notes
Kidney Functions
- The Bowman's capsule filters blood and produces filtrate
- The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs water, ions, and nutrients
- The Loop of Henle facilitates countercurrent multiplication and concentrates filtrate
- The Distal convoluted tubule regulates electrolyte balance and pH
- The Collecting duct regulates water reabsorption and electrolyte balance
Kidney Disorders
- Nephritis: inflammation of the kidney
- Nephrotic syndrome: excessive protein loss in the urine
- Chronic kidney disease: gradual loss of kidney function
- Kidney stones: formation of minerals in the urinary tract
- Acute kidney injury: sudden loss of kidney function
Reabsorption Sites in the Kidney
- Glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients: proximal convoluted tubule
- Water and ions: Loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule
- Electrolytes: distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
- Urea: medullary collecting duct
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Description
Test your knowledge of the structure and functions of the kidney by matching its parts with their functions, kidney disorders with their descriptions, and substances with their reabsorption sites.
