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Questions and Answers
Acetoacetate is a ketone body that loses CO2 to form acetone.
Acetoacetate is a ketone body that loses CO2 to form acetone.
False (B)
Triacylalycerols are digested in the small intestine.
Triacylalycerols are digested in the small intestine.
True (A)
Ketone bodies are formed in the liver during lipolysis.
Ketone bodies are formed in the liver during lipolysis.
True (A)
Lipids are a poor source of energy.
Lipids are a poor source of energy.
Ketosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
Ketosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
Glycerol is a fatty acid.
Glycerol is a fatty acid.
Triglycerides are stored in adipose cells as a source of energy.
Triglycerides are stored in adipose cells as a source of energy.
Pancreatic lipases are involved in the digestion of proteins.
Pancreatic lipases are involved in the digestion of proteins.
Acidosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
Acidosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
Lipids are formed from the combination of fatty acids with glycerol.
Lipids are formed from the combination of fatty acids with glycerol.
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Study Notes
Lipid Metabolism
- Lipids are esters of fatty acids with glycerol, also called triglycerides or triacylglycerols.
- They are a good source of energy, providing 9 calories per gram.
- Triglycerides are the main stored form of energy in adipose cells.
Digestion of Triacylglycerols
- Triacylglycerols are digested in the small intestine.
- Pancreatic lipases break down triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol.
Ketone Bodies
- Acetoacetyl CoA hydrolyzes to acetoacetate, a ketone body.
- Acetoacetate can be converted to p-hydroxybutyrate, another ketone body.
- Acetoacetate can also lose CO2 to form acetone, a third ketone body.
- Ketone bodies are produced when there is a lack of glucose, leading to the breakdown of fatty acids.
- High levels of ketone bodies in the blood can lead to acidosis, characterized by a pH below 7.4.
Ketosis
- Ketosis is a state in which ketone bodies accumulate in the blood.
- Ketosis can occur in diabetes, diets high in fat, and starvation.
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