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Questions and Answers
Acetoacetate is a ketone body that loses CO2 to form acetone.
False
Triacylalycerols are digested in the small intestine.
True
Ketone bodies are formed in the liver during lipolysis.
True
Lipids are a poor source of energy.
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Ketosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
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Glycerol is a fatty acid.
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Triglycerides are stored in adipose cells as a source of energy.
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Pancreatic lipases are involved in the digestion of proteins.
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Acidosis occurs when blood pH rises above 7.4.
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Lipids are formed from the combination of fatty acids with glycerol.
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Study Notes
Lipid Metabolism
- Lipids are esters of fatty acids with glycerol, also called triglycerides or triacylglycerols.
- They are a good source of energy, providing 9 calories per gram.
- Triglycerides are the main stored form of energy in adipose cells.
Digestion of Triacylglycerols
- Triacylglycerols are digested in the small intestine.
- Pancreatic lipases break down triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol.
Ketone Bodies
- Acetoacetyl CoA hydrolyzes to acetoacetate, a ketone body.
- Acetoacetate can be converted to p-hydroxybutyrate, another ketone body.
- Acetoacetate can also lose CO2 to form acetone, a third ketone body.
- Ketone bodies are produced when there is a lack of glucose, leading to the breakdown of fatty acids.
- High levels of ketone bodies in the blood can lead to acidosis, characterized by a pH below 7.4.
Ketosis
- Ketosis is a state in which ketone bodies accumulate in the blood.
- Ketosis can occur in diabetes, diets high in fat, and starvation.
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Description
This quiz covers the digestion of triacylglycerols, the formation of ketone bodies, and their effects on the body. It includes the different types of ketone bodies and their formation.
