PHAR 4813

<p>To recognize mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To catalyze the oxidation of TMB (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complexity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It employs colorimetric detection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Change of TMB from colorless to blue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10^4 CFU/mL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melting point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased energy absorbance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By inserting a plasmid into yeast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Localized surface plasmon resonance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First licensed vaccine produced by recombinant DNA technology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to localized surface plasmon resonance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Materials at meso-scale dimensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased melting point (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High ratio of surface area to volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To treat, prevent, diagnose, or modify physiological processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schedule 16 of Therapeutic Goods Regulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a dietary supplement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene Technology Act 2000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To offer plain English context for regulations and the Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Faecal microbiota transplant material (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It established a national scheme for GMO regulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger nanoparticles lead to red-shifts in their SPR. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The band red-shifts due to interparticle coupling. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It shifts from blue to green to red. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aspect ratio (L/W ratio) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiative emission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes a red-shift of the SPR. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sealed compartment formed by phospholipid bilayers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LSPR can be found in nanosized structures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Core-shell model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>USD 605.38 Billion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in gastric pH via SNAC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second generation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They rapidly degrade in the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist formulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve therapeutic effectiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoting satiety and reducing energy intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quality, safety, efficacy, and timely availability of therapeutic goods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prescription medicines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low risk for hypoglycemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene therapy isolation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To encapsulate the genetic payload and determine cell tropism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can effectively integrate into the cell genome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RPE65 gene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cationic lipids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains proteins like AGO2 and Dicer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MicroRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to resist degradation by nucleases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell membranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comirnaty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of the activated RNA-induced silencing complex (siRISC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A biosensor that uses magnetic nanoparticles conjugated to a peptide substrate to detect S.aureus protease activity.

Measures the colour change in the biosensor that happens upon enzymatic cleavage, leading to the detection of a substrate.

Small particles that are attracted to magnets, used to detect enzymatic reactions.

A test that uses aptamers to detect the presence of M. tuberculosis, utilizing a colour change for detection.

A glycolipid found in M. tuberculosis cell walls, recognized by specific aptamers for diagnosis.

A method of detecting and quantifying a substance by measuring a colour change.

A surveillance method must be sensitive, specific, rapid, reliable, and cost-effective for bacterial detection.

A colourless chemical that becomes coloured during oxidation, used in the quantification process of Aptamer-based Latent TB Infection Test.

A molecule that specifically binds to a target, like ManLAM (a bacterial component).

A tiny particle, measured in nanometers.

The realm of structures and properties at the nanometer scale.

The ratio of surface area to volume of a structure, high at the nanoscale.

Nanoparticles made of gold, with properties different from bulk gold.

Melting point of gold nanoparticles is affected by size.

When light interacts with a metal nanoparticle, causing it to absorb light.

A technique to create a copy of genes for vaccines or other products.

Vaccine produced by using recombinant DNA technology to produce the antigen.

Nanoparticles using lipids to deliver mRNA, a component of COVID-19 vaccines.

The collective oscillation of conduction band electrons in resonance with incident light, producing plasmonic electrons through non-radiative excitation.

Surface plasmon resonance occurring on nanosized structures.

Gold nanoparticles can diminish the intensity of light or other signals in SPR or LSPR systems.

The surface plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles shifts to longer wavelengths (red-shifts) with increasing nanoparticle size.

Semiconductor nanostructures that confine conduction band electrons and valence band holes in all three spatial dimensions.

The emission colour of QDs changes from blue to green to red as their size increases.

Sealed compartments spontaneously formed by phospholipid bilayers.

The clustering of nanoparticles, causing a red-shift in surface plasmon band.

Strong size-dependent energy band gap for QDs when their size is small compared to excitation Bohr radius.

Au nanorods exhibit both transverse and longitudinal SPRs, with the longitudinal peaks sensitive to aspect ratio (L/W).

The protein shell that encloses and protects the viral genome.

A type of viral vector that can integrate its genetic material into the host cell's genome.

A type of viral vector that can integrate genetic material into the host cell's genome.

A virus's ability to infect certain types of cells or tissues.

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences.

A method used to amplify specific DNA sequences.

A technique using genes to treat or prevent disease.

First FDA-approved gene therapy for a genetic eye disease.

Gene delivery methods that do not use viruses.

A biological process that silences specific genes by degrading their mRNA.

Small interfering RNA; a type of RNA molecule used to silence gene expression.

RNA-induced silencing complex; a complex that degrades target mRNA molecules guided by siRNA.

Tiny particles made of lipids used to deliver drugs, including siRNA.

First approved siRNA drug to treat a genetic disease.

Man-made mRNA used for vaccines to trigger immune responses.

A material derived from human cells or tissues, used to treat, prevent, diagnose, or modify physiological processes in humans.

Genetically modified organism; an organism with altered genes.

Low-risk biological product needing no GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices), listed in the Therapeutic Goods Regulation.

Submit application, appropriate fees, potentially listing in Therapeutic Goods Schedule 16, GMP may not be needed.

National scheme for regulating GMOs and came into effect on 21 June 2001

High-risk biological products needing GMP; different application processes.

Regulation governing therapeutic goods in Australia, including biologicals.

A type of biological that is currently listed in the schedule as a class 1 biological needing no GMP, but not a generic biological, in the therapeutic goods regulation.

Lipid nanoparticles used to deliver mRNA for vaccines and therapies.

Model describing mRNA-LNP structure with a core and surface layer.

Process of releasing molecules from a cell.

First mRNA-based vaccine authorized by the FDA.

Drugs based on proteins and peptides.

Process by which proteins break down.

Delivering peptides through the mouth.

30 amino acid peptide hormone promoting satiety.

GLP-1 receptor agonist, used to treat type 2 diabetes.

Peptide hormone regulating blood glucose.

Products used to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases.

Governmental approval for a product or therapy to enter the market.

Nanoparticles that release drugs based on specific cues.

Using nanotechnology to transport drugs and proteins.

Therapeutic proteins with native sequences.