Jeffersonian Republicanism and Federal Power Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who were the candidates in the Election of 1800?

Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr, John Adams, Charles Pinckney, John Jay

What was the significance of the 12th amendment ratified in 1804?

It changed the voting process for electors

How was the President determined in the Election of 1800?

Through the lame-duck House of Representatives

What was the vision favored by Jefferson and his followers?

A society of sturdy, independent farmers Signup and view all the answers

Who established the power of the Supreme Court to invalidate federal laws that conflicted with the Constitution?

John Marshall Signup and view all the answers

In which case did the Supreme Court declare a state law to be unconstitutional and invalid for the first time?

Fletcher v. Peck Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of McCulloch v. Maryland?

Federal law was declared supreme over state law Signup and view all the answers

Who led the scientific exploration of the newly purchased land west of the Mississippi following the Louisiana Purchase?

Meriwether Lewis Signup and view all the answers

What did the U.S. government seek following the Louisiana Purchase?

Influence and control over North America Signup and view all the answers

What did the Supreme Court decisions in the early 1800s establish?

Primacy of the judiciary in interpreting the Constitution Signup and view all the answers

What were the national political parties debating in the early 1800s?

The powers of the federal government Signup and view all the answers

What were the key takeaways from the Lewis and Clark expedition?

Greater scientific and geographic knowledge of the region, stronger U.S. claims to the Oregon Territory, and better relations with American Indians Signup and view all the answers

What did Jeffersonian republicanism advocate for in terms of federal government power?

Limited power and a reduction in federal government power Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Louisiana Purchase on the United States?

Doubled the size of the United States, removed European presence, and extended the western frontier Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Embargo Act of 1807?

Led to a significant drop in exports and imports Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809?

Forbade trade only with Great Britain and France Signup and view all the answers

How did Chief Justice John Marshall's decisions in landmark cases impact the central government?

Strengthened the power of the central government Signup and view all the answers

What did the Judiciary Act of 1801 create?

New judge positions through 'midnight appointments' by the Federalist Congress Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the British and French seizing neutral U.S. ships?

Led to the Embargo Act Signup and view all the answers

What did Chief Justice Marshall declare in Marbury v. Madison?

An unconstitutional clause in the Judiciary Act of 1789, making Marbury's request void Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the politically charged atmosphere of the time?

Burr-Hamilton duel and the plot by diehard Federalists to establish a 'northern confederacy' Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the addition of new western states on New England and the Federalists?

Reduced New England's and the Federalists' power in national affairs Signup and view all the answers

What was contrary to Jefferson's beliefs regarding the Louisiana Purchase?

The Louisiana Purchase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Jeffersonian Republicanism and Federal Power

Jeffersonian republicanism advocated for a federal government with limited power and a reduction in federal government power.
Jefferson reduced the military and navy size, eliminated federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and reduced the national debt during his presidency.
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States, removing European presence from the nation’s borders, and extending the western frontier.
The Louisiana Purchase was contrary to Jefferson's beliefs of limited government and strict construction of the constitution.
The addition of new western states reduced New England's and the Federalists' power in national affairs.
The Embargo Act of 1807 had catastrophic effects, leading to a significant drop in exports and imports.
The Embargo Act was later replaced with the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809, forbidding trade only with Great Britain and France.
Chief Justice John Marshall's decisions in landmark cases strengthened the power of the central government, much to Jefferson's dismay.
The Judiciary Act of 1801 created new judge positions through "midnight appointments" by the Federalist Congress.
In Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice Marshall declared an unconstitutional clause in the Judiciary Act of 1789, making Marbury's request void.
The British and French seizing neutral U.S. ships led to the Embargo Act, with the British warship Leopard firing on the U.S.S. Chesapeake off the coast of Virginia.
The politically charged atmosphere of the time was exemplified by the Burr-Hamilton duel and the plot by diehard Federalists to establish a "northern confederacy."