Jarvis Chapter 23 Musculoskeletal System Quiz

Questions and Answers

During pregnancy, a woman experiences a posture shift to compensate for the enlarging fetus. This shift in posture is known as:

Lordosis (correct)

Ankylosis

Scoliosis

Kyphosis

The movement of bringing the arm in toward the center of the body is called:

Adduction (correct)

Flexion

Extension

Abduction

For a patient to move her hand to her mouth, she must perform which movement?

Flexion (correct)

Adduction

Abduction

Extension

The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are the:

Joints Signup and view all the answers

Where does hematopoiesis take place?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint are called:

Ligaments Signup and view all the answers

To jump rope, one's shoulder must be capable of:

Circumduction Signup and view all the answers

The articulation of the mandible and temporal bone is known as the:

Temporomandibular joint Signup and view all the answers

To palpate the temporomandibular joint, the nurse's fingers should be placed in the depression _____ of the ear.

Anterior to the tragus Signup and view all the answers

Of the 33 vertebrae in the spinal column, there are:

5 lumbar Signup and view all the answers

An imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest would cross the _____ vertebra.

Fourth lumbar Signup and view all the answers

The nurse refers to the 'shock absorbers' in the back as:

Intervertebral disks Signup and view all the answers

A rotator cuff injury involves the:

Glenohumeral joint Signup and view all the answers

The bump on top of both shoulders that does not hurt is:

Your acromion process Signup and view all the answers

The knee is capable of which movement(s)?

Flexion and extension Signup and view all the answers

The joint above the swollen knuckle of the left hand is called the _____ joint.

Metacarpophalangeal Signup and view all the answers

The flat depression on the upper, lateral side of the thigh is interpreted as the:

Greater trochanter Signup and view all the answers

The ankle joint articulates with the tibia, fibula, and the:

Talus Signup and view all the answers

Where does lengthening of bones occur?

Epiphyses Signup and view all the answers

What should a woman do to increase her weight-bearing exercise for osteoporosis prevention?

Start swimming to increase my weight-bearing exercise Signup and view all the answers

If a girl playing basketball falls and lands on her left hand, what would indicate a fracture?

Sharp pain that increases with movement Signup and view all the answers

The nurse should assess for other signs of what problem in a patient with joint pain that worsens in the morning?

Rheumatoid arthritis Signup and view all the answers

A patient hears a crunching sound when kneeling and reports stiffness and pain upon waking. What should the nurse assess for?

Crepitation Signup and view all the answers

A patient who flexes his right arm forward without pain but cannot abduct it due to pain and spasms should suspect:

Rotator cuff lesions Signup and view all the answers

Where will the nurse assess tenderness in a professional tennis player with a sore elbow?

Medial and lateral epicondyle Signup and view all the answers

To perform the Phalen's test for carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse should instruct the patient to:

Hold both hands back to back while flexing the wrists 90 degrees for 60 seconds Signup and view all the answers

For a hip examination, the patient should be positioned to:

Abduct her hip while lying on her back Signup and view all the answers

A positive bulge sign indicates:

Swelling from fluid in the suprapatellar pouch Signup and view all the answers

A patient with lateral tilting of the spine and pain radiating down the leg likely has:

Herniated nucleus pulposus Signup and view all the answers

A nurse assesses a 3-month-old infant for hip dislocation. If no 'clunking' sounds are heard, this is recorded as a:

Negative Ortolani's sign Signup and view all the answers

A newborn infant with six toes has a condition known as:

Polydactyly Signup and view all the answers

A mother observes limited movement in her newborn's right arm. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and should observe for:

Limited range of motion during the Moro's reflex Signup and view all the answers

A patient with extreme tenderness in the toes and swollen, reddened joints is likely experiencing:

Acute gout Signup and view all the answers

A swimmer has shoulder pain after falling on an outstretched hand. The nurse suspects:

Dislocated shoulder Signup and view all the answers

Firm, nontender nodules at the olecranon bursa in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis are:

Olecranon bursitis Signup and view all the answers

Fingers drifting to the side in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is known as:

Ulnar deviation Signup and view all the answers

The nurse assesses changes in the fingers of a longterm rheumatoid arthritis patient. What problems should be assessed?

Swan neck deformities Signup and view all the answers

A lateral curvature of the spine that disappears on bending is diagnosed as:

Functional scoliosis Signup and view all the answers

A 14-year-old with pain just below the knee likely has:

Self-limited disease of knee due to stress on patellar tendon Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has complete range of motion against gravity with full resistance, what grade should it be recorded as?

5 Signup and view all the answers

A significant height decrease with age is primarily due to:

The vertebral column Signup and view all the answers

Osteoporosis is defined as:

Loss of bone density Signup and view all the answers

To assess the ischial tuberosity properly, the patient should be:

Flexing the hip Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Musculoskeletal System Overview

Posture shift during pregnancy alters a woman's center of gravity and is known as lordosis.
Joint movements include adduction (moving toward the body) and abduction (moving away from the body).
Flexion refers to bending a joint, while extension is straightening it.

Joint and Bone Structures

The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are joints.
Hematopoiesis, blood cell production, occurs primarily in the bone marrow.
Ligaments are fibrous bands that connect bones and provide joint stability.

Joint Assessments and Movements

Shoulder movements crucial for activities like jumping rope include circumduction, which is a circular motion.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandible to the temporal bone, allowing jaw movement.
To palpate the TMJ, position fingers anterior to the tragus of the ear.

Spinal Column and Vertebrae

The spinal column consists of 33 vertebrae, including 5 lumbar vertebrae.
An imaginary line across the highest iliac crests intersects the fourth lumbar vertebra.

Pathophysiology and Injury Recognition

Intervertebral disks act as shock absorbers, absorbing impact between vertebrae.
A rotator cuff injury involves the glenohumeral joint impacting shoulder range of motion.
Signs of osteoarthritis include morning stiffness, worse after inactivity, and decreased range of motion.

Common Musculoskeletal Disorders

Acute gout presents with painful, swollen joints, especially in the toes.
Carpal tunnel syndrome is assessed with Phalen's test, where wrists are flexed for 60 seconds to elicit symptoms.
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis often have ulnar deviation, which is the lateral drifting of fingers.

Pediatric and Geriatric Considerations

In infants, the Allis test checks for hip dislocation via knee height comparisons.
Aging leads to decreased height primarily due to compression of the vertebral column.
Osteoporosis is defined as a loss of bone density, increasing fracture risk.

Clinical Assessments and Findings

Positive bulge sign indicates fluid accumulation in the knee joint.
Knock knees, or genu valgum, refer to a common misalignment in which knees angle inward.
Tender nodules under the skin in gout sufferers are known as tophi.

Assessment Techniques

Musculoskeletal assessments are performed from proximal to distal.
Check for joint tenderness and swelling, especially in patients with a history of arthritis.
Muscle strength is evaluated using a scale of 0 to 5, with complete motion against resistance graded as 5.

Key Points for Patient Education

Encourage weight-bearing exercises such as walking to prevent osteoporosis.
Advise on the importance of calcium supplementation and regular bone density screenings.
Gout management includes avoiding purine-rich foods and recognizing early symptom patterns.

These notes serve as a foundational understanding of the musculoskeletal system, including anatomical terms, common conditions, assessment techniques, and patient education points.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the musculoskeletal system with these flashcards from Jarvis Chapter 23. Explore key concepts such as posture changes during pregnancy and joint movement assessments. Enhance your understanding of important medical terminology and nursing assessments.