Podcast
Questions and Answers
During pregnancy, a woman experiences a posture shift to compensate for the enlarging fetus. This shift in posture is known as:
During pregnancy, a woman experiences a posture shift to compensate for the enlarging fetus. This shift in posture is known as:
The movement of bringing the arm in toward the center of the body is called:
The movement of bringing the arm in toward the center of the body is called:
For a patient to move her hand to her mouth, she must perform which movement?
For a patient to move her hand to her mouth, she must perform which movement?
The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are the:
The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are the:
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Where does hematopoiesis take place?
Where does hematopoiesis take place?
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Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint are called:
Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint are called:
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To jump rope, one's shoulder must be capable of:
To jump rope, one's shoulder must be capable of:
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The articulation of the mandible and temporal bone is known as the:
The articulation of the mandible and temporal bone is known as the:
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To palpate the temporomandibular joint, the nurse's fingers should be placed in the depression _____ of the ear.
To palpate the temporomandibular joint, the nurse's fingers should be placed in the depression _____ of the ear.
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Of the 33 vertebrae in the spinal column, there are:
Of the 33 vertebrae in the spinal column, there are:
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An imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest would cross the _____ vertebra.
An imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest would cross the _____ vertebra.
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The nurse refers to the 'shock absorbers' in the back as:
The nurse refers to the 'shock absorbers' in the back as:
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A rotator cuff injury involves the:
A rotator cuff injury involves the:
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The bump on top of both shoulders that does not hurt is:
The bump on top of both shoulders that does not hurt is:
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The knee is capable of which movement(s)?
The knee is capable of which movement(s)?
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The joint above the swollen knuckle of the left hand is called the _____ joint.
The joint above the swollen knuckle of the left hand is called the _____ joint.
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The flat depression on the upper, lateral side of the thigh is interpreted as the:
The flat depression on the upper, lateral side of the thigh is interpreted as the:
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The ankle joint articulates with the tibia, fibula, and the:
The ankle joint articulates with the tibia, fibula, and the:
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Where does lengthening of bones occur?
Where does lengthening of bones occur?
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What should a woman do to increase her weight-bearing exercise for osteoporosis prevention?
What should a woman do to increase her weight-bearing exercise for osteoporosis prevention?
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If a girl playing basketball falls and lands on her left hand, what would indicate a fracture?
If a girl playing basketball falls and lands on her left hand, what would indicate a fracture?
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The nurse should assess for other signs of what problem in a patient with joint pain that worsens in the morning?
The nurse should assess for other signs of what problem in a patient with joint pain that worsens in the morning?
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A patient hears a crunching sound when kneeling and reports stiffness and pain upon waking. What should the nurse assess for?
A patient hears a crunching sound when kneeling and reports stiffness and pain upon waking. What should the nurse assess for?
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A patient who flexes his right arm forward without pain but cannot abduct it due to pain and spasms should suspect:
A patient who flexes his right arm forward without pain but cannot abduct it due to pain and spasms should suspect:
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Where will the nurse assess tenderness in a professional tennis player with a sore elbow?
Where will the nurse assess tenderness in a professional tennis player with a sore elbow?
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To perform the Phalen's test for carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
To perform the Phalen's test for carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
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For a hip examination, the patient should be positioned to:
For a hip examination, the patient should be positioned to:
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A positive bulge sign indicates:
A positive bulge sign indicates:
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A patient with lateral tilting of the spine and pain radiating down the leg likely has:
A patient with lateral tilting of the spine and pain radiating down the leg likely has:
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A nurse assesses a 3-month-old infant for hip dislocation. If no 'clunking' sounds are heard, this is recorded as a:
A nurse assesses a 3-month-old infant for hip dislocation. If no 'clunking' sounds are heard, this is recorded as a:
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A newborn infant with six toes has a condition known as:
A newborn infant with six toes has a condition known as:
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A mother observes limited movement in her newborn's right arm. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and should observe for:
A mother observes limited movement in her newborn's right arm. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and should observe for:
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A patient with extreme tenderness in the toes and swollen, reddened joints is likely experiencing:
A patient with extreme tenderness in the toes and swollen, reddened joints is likely experiencing:
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A swimmer has shoulder pain after falling on an outstretched hand. The nurse suspects:
A swimmer has shoulder pain after falling on an outstretched hand. The nurse suspects:
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Firm, nontender nodules at the olecranon bursa in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis are:
Firm, nontender nodules at the olecranon bursa in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis are:
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Fingers drifting to the side in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is known as:
Fingers drifting to the side in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is known as:
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The nurse assesses changes in the fingers of a longterm rheumatoid arthritis patient. What problems should be assessed?
The nurse assesses changes in the fingers of a longterm rheumatoid arthritis patient. What problems should be assessed?
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A lateral curvature of the spine that disappears on bending is diagnosed as:
A lateral curvature of the spine that disappears on bending is diagnosed as:
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A 14-year-old with pain just below the knee likely has:
A 14-year-old with pain just below the knee likely has:
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If a patient has complete range of motion against gravity with full resistance, what grade should it be recorded as?
If a patient has complete range of motion against gravity with full resistance, what grade should it be recorded as?
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A significant height decrease with age is primarily due to:
A significant height decrease with age is primarily due to:
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Osteoporosis is defined as:
Osteoporosis is defined as:
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To assess the ischial tuberosity properly, the patient should be:
To assess the ischial tuberosity properly, the patient should be:
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Study Notes
Musculoskeletal System Overview
- Posture shift during pregnancy alters a woman's center of gravity and is known as lordosis.
- Joint movements include adduction (moving toward the body) and abduction (moving away from the body).
- Flexion refers to bending a joint, while extension is straightening it.
Joint and Bone Structures
- The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are joints.
- Hematopoiesis, blood cell production, occurs primarily in the bone marrow.
- Ligaments are fibrous bands that connect bones and provide joint stability.
Joint Assessments and Movements
- Shoulder movements crucial for activities like jumping rope include circumduction, which is a circular motion.
- The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandible to the temporal bone, allowing jaw movement.
- To palpate the TMJ, position fingers anterior to the tragus of the ear.
Spinal Column and Vertebrae
- The spinal column consists of 33 vertebrae, including 5 lumbar vertebrae.
- An imaginary line across the highest iliac crests intersects the fourth lumbar vertebra.
Pathophysiology and Injury Recognition
- Intervertebral disks act as shock absorbers, absorbing impact between vertebrae.
- A rotator cuff injury involves the glenohumeral joint impacting shoulder range of motion.
- Signs of osteoarthritis include morning stiffness, worse after inactivity, and decreased range of motion.
Common Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Acute gout presents with painful, swollen joints, especially in the toes.
- Carpal tunnel syndrome is assessed with Phalen's test, where wrists are flexed for 60 seconds to elicit symptoms.
- Patients with rheumatoid arthritis often have ulnar deviation, which is the lateral drifting of fingers.
Pediatric and Geriatric Considerations
- In infants, the Allis test checks for hip dislocation via knee height comparisons.
- Aging leads to decreased height primarily due to compression of the vertebral column.
- Osteoporosis is defined as a loss of bone density, increasing fracture risk.
Clinical Assessments and Findings
- Positive bulge sign indicates fluid accumulation in the knee joint.
- Knock knees, or genu valgum, refer to a common misalignment in which knees angle inward.
- Tender nodules under the skin in gout sufferers are known as tophi.
Assessment Techniques
- Musculoskeletal assessments are performed from proximal to distal.
- Check for joint tenderness and swelling, especially in patients with a history of arthritis.
- Muscle strength is evaluated using a scale of 0 to 5, with complete motion against resistance graded as 5.
Key Points for Patient Education
- Encourage weight-bearing exercises such as walking to prevent osteoporosis.
- Advise on the importance of calcium supplementation and regular bone density screenings.
- Gout management includes avoiding purine-rich foods and recognizing early symptom patterns.
These notes serve as a foundational understanding of the musculoskeletal system, including anatomical terms, common conditions, assessment techniques, and patient education points.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the musculoskeletal system with these flashcards from Jarvis Chapter 23. Explore key concepts such as posture changes during pregnancy and joint movement assessments. Enhance your understanding of important medical terminology and nursing assessments.
