Gluteal Region Anatomy and Hip Joint Motions

External rotation and stabilization of the hip.

L4, L5, S1

A joint between the sacrum and the pelvic bones, allowing limited movement.

Strong ligaments that further stabilize the sacroiliac joint, connecting specific points on the sacrum and pelvis.

A joint between the right and left pubic bones, made of fibrocartilage, allowing minimal movement.

A large opening between the pelvis and the gluteal region, formed by the greater sciatic notch and ligaments.

A small opening near the greater sciatic foramen, also providing a pathway for structures to pass through.

A bony canal formed by the ischium and pubis, providing passage for nerves and vessels.

The articulation between the femur and the pelvis, permitting a wide range of motion.

Muscles located in the gluteal region, responsible for hip extension, abduction, and external rotation.

The movement of the hip joint in the sagittal plane, where the leg moves forwards and backwards.

The movement of the hip joint in the frontal plane, where the leg moves away from and towards the midline of the body.

The movement of the hip joint in the transverse plane, where the leg rotates inwards and outwards.

A major muscle of the buttocks responsible for hip extension, external rotation, and stabilization of the pelvis and knee.

A muscle that helps with hip abduction and internal rotation, keeping the pelvis stable during single-leg stance.

A group of muscles responsible for external rotation of the hip.

A ring of arteries at the base of the femoral neck, formed by the medial and lateral circumflex arteries. It provides the main blood supply to the femoral head.

A smaller arterial ring within the hip joint, supplying the ligamentum teres. It's usually derived from the obturator or medial circumflex arteries.

The motion of the pelvis in the transverse plane during gait. It involves approximately 4 degrees of anterior and posterior rotation.

The motion of the pelvis in the frontal plane during gait. It involves approximately 5 degrees of medial and lateral tilting.

The movement of the hip joint during gait plays a vital role in ensuring a smooth transition of the body's center of mass. Smooth gait depends on coordinated pelvic motions.

The sciatic nerve innervates the posterior thigh, lower leg, and foot. It's a major nerve that helps with movement and sensation in these areas.

The hip joint receives blood supply from several arteries, including branches of the internal iliac artery and femoral arteries.

The superior and inferior gluteal arteries, both branches of the internal iliac artery, pass through the greater sciatic foramen.

The head of the femur is supplied by the posterior branch of the obturator artery, while the rest of the hip joint gets blood from the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.

The hip joint allows for about 40 degrees of abduction, 25 degrees of adduction, 120 degrees of flexion, and 30 degrees of extension.

Strong ligaments like the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments provide stability to the hip joint.

During walking, the hip joint needs approximately 30 degrees of flexion and 10 degrees of extension.

The hip joint's capsule is made up of a fibrous connective tissue layer that surrounds and protects the joint.