Jainism and Buddhism Overview
24 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the social impact of Jainism and Buddhism, as presented in the provided content?

  • They primarily focused on the economic aspects, with limited impact on social structures.
  • They reinforced the existing Varna system, emphasizing birth-based social hierarchies.
  • They championed social equality, disregarding the Varna system and its emphasis on birth. (correct)
  • They advocated for a modified Varna system, allowing social mobility through individual actions only.

    • What was the primary symbolic association of the 23rd Tirthankar, Parshavnath?

  • Bull
  • Elephant
  • Lion
  • Serpent (correct)

    • Vardhaman Mahavir achieved enlightenment (Kaivalya) under which of the following circumstances?

  • Under a Sal tree at Jambhikagrama. (correct)
  • Under an Ashoka tree in Sarnath.
  • Under a Banyan tree in Bodh Gaya.
  • By the banks of the Ganga River in Varanasi.

    • What does the term 'Jitendriya', as related to Jainism, signify?

    <p>One who has mastered their senses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a principle of living (vow) in Jainism (Anuvratas)?

    <p>Dharma (righteous duty). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event led to the major division within Jainism into Digambara and Shwetambara sects?

    <p>A famine in Magadha, which caused a group to migrate to Karnataka. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Sallekhana' and which Jain sect practices it?

    <p>A method of fasting until death, practiced by the Digambara sect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many principles of living are recognized in Jainism?

    <p>5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Jain council led to the compilation of the 12 Angas?

    <p>The first council which took place in 303 BC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of Jain architecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>The Dilwara Jain Temple in Rajasthan. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the patrons of the Statue of Gometeshwara/Bahubali in Karnataka?

    <p>Chandragupta Maurya and Bindusara (C), Vastupala Brothers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the childhood name of Gautam Buddha?

    <p>Siddhartha (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is celebrated with the Mahamatsyabhishek festival?

    <p>Gometeshwara's ascension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 8 Fold Path in Buddhism?

    <p>It outlines steps to end suffering. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Buddhist text primarily contains Buddha's teachings?

    <p>Sutra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did Gautam Buddha attain enlightenment?

    <p>Bodh Gaya (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which council was held in Rajgriha?

    <p>1st Buddhist Council (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sect of Buddhism?

    <p>Tathagata (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structure is a Chaitya?

    <p>A prayer hall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the son of Emperor Ashoka sent to Ceylon to spread Buddhism?

    <p>Mahendra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stupa is located in Madhya Pradesh and depicts Jataka Tales?

    <p>Sanchi Stupa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinctive feature of the Vajrayana sect of Buddhism?

    <p>Belief in Tantric rituals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 8 Holy Places of Buddhism?

    <p>Ajanta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Vinaya in Buddhist texts?

    <p>Monastic rules and courts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Jainism and Buddhism

    • Jainism and Buddhism originated in India.
    • Both rejected the caste system, believing that people should be treated equally, regardless of birth.
    • Both believed in non-violence (Ahimsa).
    • Key figures in Jainism were the Tirthankaras.
    • Key figures in Buddhism were the Buddha.
    • The causes of the origin of Jainism and Buddhism include Brahminical domination, ritual sacrifices, and agricultural economy.
    • The use of punch-marked coins impacted trade, and the existing Varna system did not matter to both religions.

    Jainism

    • The total number of Tirthankaras is 24.

    • The first Tirthankara was Rishabh Dev.

    • The 23rd Tirthankara was Parshavnath.

    • The 24th Tirthankara was Vardhaman Mahavira.

    • Vardhaman Mahavira was born in 540 BCE in Kundagrama, Bihar.

    • He died in 468 BCE in Pavapuri, Bihar.

    • His father was Siddhartha, belonging to the Kshatriya clan.

    • His mother was Trishala.

    • Jain philosophy comprises three main principles: Right knowledge (Samyaka Jnana), Right faith (Samyaka Darshana), and Right conduct (Samyaka Charitra).

    • Five principles of living are included in Jain philosophy under the name Anuvratas.

    • Ahimsa is one of the principles.

    • Basadis are Jain Monasteries.

    • Kevalin refers to someone who is perfectly learned and has achieved complete knowledge.

    • Jitendriya is one who has mastered their senses.

    • In the Vedas, only two Tirthankaras are mentioned: Rishabha and Aristanemi.

    Buddhism

    • Gautam Buddha belonged to the Shakya Clan.
    • Born in 563 BC in Lumbini, Nepal.
    • Died in 483 BC in Kushinagara.
    • Childhood name was Siddhartha.
    • Father was Suddhodhana.
    • Mother was Mahamaya.
    • Stepmother was Mahaprajapati Goutami.
    • Wife was Yashodhara.
    • Son was Rahul.
    • Left home at 29 years of age.
    • First teacher was Alara Kalama.
    • Second teacher was Udraka Ramputra.
    • Enlightenment occurred in Uruvella (Bodh Gaya) under a Bodhi tree.
    • First sermon in Sarnath, Varanasi.
    • River where the enlightenment happened: Niranjana.

    Important Events in Buddha's life

    • Birth
    • House Renunciation (Mahabhinishkramana)
    • Enlightenment (Nirvana)
    • First Sermon (Dharmachakrapravartana)
    • Death (Parinirvana)/Mahaparinirvana
    • Chariot: Channa
    • Symbols: Lotus, Horse, Kanthaka
    • Important events in Buddha's life were symbolised by objects.
    • The Buddha's teachings comprise Four Noble Truths.

    Buddhist Councils and Patronage

    • The First Buddhist Council was held at Rajgriha in 400 BC/483 BC, under Ajatshatru.
    • The Second Buddhist Council was held at Vaishali in 383 BC, under Kalashoka.
    • The Third Buddhist Council was held at Patliputra in 250 BC, under Ashoka.
    • The Fourth Buddhist Council was held in Kashmir in 72 AD, under Kanishka.
    • The key figures of patronage in Buddhist Councils include Mahakashyapa, Sabakami, Mogalpura Tissa, and Vasumitra.

    Sects of Buddhism

    • Hinayana did not believe in idol worship; Text: Pali.
    • Mahayana believed in idol worship; Text: Sanskrit.
    • Vajrayana is Tantric Buddhism (Eastern).
    • Bodhisattvas are Vajrapani, Avlokitesvara, and Amitabh.
    • Buddhist text consists of Pali (majorly) and Sanskrit, and Tripitaka.

    Buddhist Texts

    • Sutta (Buddha's teachings)
    • Vinaya (Monastic courts and rules)
    • Abhidharma (Interpretation of Sutta)
    • Milindpanho is a dialogue between Milinda and Nagasena.
    • Buddhacharitra is by Asvaghosha.
    • Jataka tales are about previous births of Buddha in both human and animal forms.

    Terms of Buddhism

    • Chaitya: Place of worship.
    • Vihara: Place of residence/monastery.
    • Dhamma (Dharma): Doctrine/righteousness.
    • Stupas: Dome-shaped structures.
    • Largest Stupa: Kesariya (Bihar).
    • Dhamek Stupa in Sarnath (Uttar Pradesh).
    • Ramabhar Stupa in Kushinagara.
    • Stupas were built in 3rd Century BCE and 12th Century CE.

    Buddhist Universities

    • Nalanda
    • Vikramshila
    • Odantpuri
    • Kumaragupta I
    • Dharmapala
    • Gopala

    One Liners (MCQs)

    • Chaitya: Prayer hall
    • Lion Capital built during the first sermon of Buddha.
    • Bharhut Stupa depicts Jataka Tales and Stories.
    • Chethiyagiri Vihara is a Buddhist festival in Sanchi.
    • The rules for Buddhist Sangha are in Vinaya Pitaka.
    • Lord Buddha's first sermon was on Four Noble Truths in Bodh Gaya.
    • Ashoka's son Mahendra and daughter Sanghamitra spread Buddhism.
    • Ashoka's rock inscription is at Jogad, Odisha.
    • Lomas Rishi and Barakar Caves are Buddhist cave temples.
    • First and fourth Jain Tirthankaras originated from Ayodhya.
    • "Jina" in Jain Philosophy: The Conqueror.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Jainism and Buddhism PDF

    Description

    Explore the foundational concepts of Jainism and Buddhism, both of which emerged in India. Discover their beliefs in equality, non-violence, and key figures like the Tirthankaras and the Buddha. This quiz covers their historical backgrounds and philosophies, making it ideal for students and enthusiasts alike.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser