Ivan Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Theory Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of conditioning involves the intended CS beginning and ending before the US is introduced?

  • Trace Conditioning (correct)
  • Delayed Conditioning
  • Backward Conditioning
  • Simultaneous Conditioning

According to Robert Rescorla's research, what affects the amount of learning in Pavlovian conditioning?

  • Contingency between events (correct)
  • The intensity of the US
  • Awareness of the organism
  • Contiguity between stimuli

What is the term used in Pavlovian Conditioning for the degree to which two stimuli occur together in space or time?

  • Stimulus Discrimination
  • Response Latency
  • Interstimulus Interval (ISI)
  • Poststimulus Duration (correct)

Which type of conditioning involves the intended CS and US overlapping, with the US introduced before the CS disappears?

<p>Delayed Conditioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to pair the intended CS and US closely in Pavlovian conditioning?

<p>To make learning easier and faster (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary cause of learning according to the text?

<p>Intensity of conditioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Ivan Pavlov's work?

<p>Building associations between stimuli and responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes an unconditional reflex according to Pavlov?

<p>Largely inborn and usually permanent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between an unconditional reflex and a conditional reflex?

<p>Unconditional reflexes are inborn while conditional reflexes are acquired (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes Classical Conditioning according to Pavlov?

<p>Building associations between CS and US to condition a response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Higher Order Conditioning as defined in the text?

<p>Pairing a neutral stimulus with a well-established CS directly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is conditioning measured according to the text?

<p>By determining if an association has been made between stimuli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Trace Conditioning

The CS starts and ends before the US is introduced.

Robert Rescorla's Research

The contingency or predictability, between events affects Pavlovian conditioning.

Poststimulus Duration

Degree to which two stimuli occur together in space or time.

Delayed Conditioning

The CS and US overlap, the US starts before the CS ends.

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Importance of CS and US Pairing

Pair CS and US closely for easier and faster associated learning.

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Intensity of Conditioning

Degree of salience or noticeability of conditioning.

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Main Focus of Pavlov's Work

To understand how associations are automatically made between stimuli and responses.

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Unconditional Reflex

Largely inborn and usually permanent reflex.

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Difference Between Unconditional and Conditional Reflexes

Unconditional reflexes are typically inborn, conditional reflexes are acquired through experience

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Classical Conditioning

Building associations between CS and US to condition a response.

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Higher Order Conditioning

Pairing a neutral stimulus directly with a well-established CS.

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How Conditioning is Measured

Measuring conditioning determines if an association has been made between stimuli.

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Study Notes

Conditioning Types

  • Backward Conditioning: involves the intended CS beginning and ending before the US is introduced.
  • Simultaneous Conditioning: involves the intended CS and US overlapping, with the US introduced before the CS disappears.

Factors Affecting Learning

  • According to Robert Rescorla's research, the amount of learning in Pavlovian conditioning is affected by the contingency between the CS and US.

Key Concepts

  • Contiguity: the degree to which two stimuli occur together in space or time.
  • Importance of pairing CS and US closely: to establish a strong association between the two stimuli.

Learning and Reflexes

  • Necessary cause of learning: the pairing of the CS and US.
  • Main focus of Ivan Pavlov's work: the study of reflexes.
  • Unconditional Reflex: an unlearned, automatic response to a stimulus, such as salivating when seeing food.
  • Conditional Reflex: a learned response to a stimulus, such as salivating when hearing a bell ring.

Classical Conditioning

  • Defined by Pavlov as a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit an unconditioned response.

Higher-Order Conditioning

  • A process in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through repeated pairing with a conditioned stimulus.

Measuring Conditioning

  • Conditioning is measured by the strength of the conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus.

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