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Questions and Answers
Which sect of Islam makes up the majority, around 87% to 90% of the entirety of Islam believers?
What do the Sunnis primarily strive to follow in Islam?
What does the term 'sunnah' refer to in the context of Sunni Islam?
According to Sunni belief, what does a Muslim ruler not need to prove?
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What kind of ruler can a Muslim be according to Sunni belief?
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Who do the Sunnis believe should have been immediately succeeded by his direct relative?
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What is commemorated each year as a day of mourning for all Shi'ites?
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Which faction within the Islam religion separated from the rest of the community?
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Who did Ali's youngest son, Husayn, challenge but was later killed and beheaded at the battle of Karbala?
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Which sect of Shi'ites believe that there were seven imams and are mostly found in India, Yemen, and parts of Africa?
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What term is used to describe the Sufi converts who join the monastic orders?
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In which century did the Sufi movement may have started?
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What does the term 'jihad' mean in the context of the text?
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What material were Sufis known to wear as a symbol of poverty and denunciation of worldly pleasures?
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What do most Sufi practitioners practice according to the text?
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What was the name of the dynasty characterized by splendor and grandeur during the time of the Sufi movement?
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What was the focus of the monastic orders established within the Sufi movement around the twelfth century?
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What is the term used to describe a convert who joins the Sufi monastic orders?
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What does the term 'suf' mean, from which the name 'Sufis' originates?
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What does the term 'jihad' frequently mistranslated as in the context of the text?
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Study Notes
Sunni Islam
- Sunni Muslims make up approximately 87% to 90% of all Islamic believers.
- Sunnis primarily strive to follow the teachings and practices of the Prophet Muhammad.
- The term 'sunnah' refers to the practices, sayings, and actions of the Prophet Muhammad, serving as a guideline for Sunni life.
- According to Sunni belief, a Muslim ruler does not need to prove their descent from the Prophet Muhammad to lead.
- A Muslim ruler can be anyone deemed capable and just, regardless of lineage.
- Sunnis believe that the Prophet Muhammad should have been succeeded by his direct relative, Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Shi'a Islam
- The day of Ashura is commemorated annually as a day of mourning for all Shi'ites, marking the martyrdom of Husayn.
- Shi'ites separated from the broader Islamic community primarily over leadership disputes.
- Husayn, Ali's youngest son, challenged the Umayyad caliph Yazid and was killed and beheaded at the Battle of Karbala.
Sufism
- Ismailis are a faction of Shi'ites who believe in seven imams, primarily located in India, Yemen, and parts of Africa.
- The term 'dervish' refers to Sufi converts who join monastic orders, emphasizing a life of poverty and spiritual dedication.
- The Sufi movement began around the 8th to 9th century.
- In Sufism, the term 'jihad' often refers to the spiritual struggle against sin rather than a physical conflict.
- Sufis are known to wear coarse wool (suf) as a symbol of poverty and rejection of material wealth.
- Most Sufi practitioners engage in dhikr, a form of devotional acts that includes the remembrance of God.
- The Safavid dynasty is known for its splendor and grandeur during the time of the Sufi movement.
- Monastic orders within the Sufi movement focused on community life and spiritual education during the 12th century.
- The term 'fakhr' refers to a convert who joins Sufi monastic orders.
- The term 'suf' translates to 'wool', which is the material associated with Sufis.
- In many instances, 'jihad' is frequently mistranslated as 'holy war', which oversimplifies its broader spiritual significance.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the subdivisions of Islam, particularly the differences between Sunni and Shia sects in their interpretation of Islamic faith and the Quran.
