Questions and Answers
Who is a follower of Islam?
Muslim
What is the Arabic word for God?
Allah
Who was the prophet that introduced Islam in Arabia?
Muhammad
What is the Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali as true rulers?
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What do Muslims belonging to the largest branch of Islam believe regarding leadership?
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What is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad?
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To which city did Muhammad and his followers emigrate in 622?
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What is the name of the cubed building in Mecca that is the center of Muslim pilgrimage?
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What are God's messages that angels told Muhammad to preach called?
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What is the pilgrimage to Mecca called?
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What is the sacred text of Islam composed of divine revelations to Muhammad?
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The Five Pillars of Islam include belief in Allah, praying five times a day, giving of alms, fasting during Ramadan, and _____ to Mecca once in a lifetime.
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What is the Islamic Law based on the interpretation of the Quran called?
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What does the term 'Jihad' signify in Islam?
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What is the title for a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government?
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What does the title 'Sultan' mean?
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Who were the Janissaries?
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Study Notes
Key Islamic Concepts and Figures
- Muslim: A follower of Islam, meaning "one who has submitted" to the will of God.
- Allah: The Arabic term for God, central to Islamic belief.
- Muhammad: The last prophet in Islam who introduced the religion in Arabia.
Islamic Denominations
- Shia: A sect within Islam that recognizes only Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, and his descendants as legitimate leaders.
- Sunnis: The larger branch of Islam, which believes in leadership chosen by the community; predominant in most Islamic nations.
Important Cities in Islam
- Mecca: Birthplace of Muhammad and the main holy city in Islam; it houses the Kaaba and is the center for the Hajj pilgrimage.
- Medina: The city where Muhammad and his followers sought refuge in 622 CE after leaving Mecca due to persecution.
Key Islamic Structures
- Kaaba: A sacred, cubical structure in Mecca, believed to have been built by Abraham, and serves as the focal point of Muslim pilgrimage.
Core Islamic Beliefs
- Revelations: Divine messages that Muhammad was instructed to preach; considered fundamental to Muslim faith.
- Hajj: The annual pilgrimage to Mecca, obligatory for Muslims who are physically and financially able to undertake it at least once in their lifetime.
Sacred Texts
- Quran: The holy book of Islam, containing the revelations received by Muhammad from around 610 to 632 CE; regarded as the literal word of God.
Pillars of Islam
- Five Pillars of Islam: The foundation of Muslim practice, including belief in Allah, prayer five times daily, charitable giving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca.
Legal and Ethical Framework
- Sharia Law: Islamic law derived from the Quran and varying interpretations; governs many aspects of Muslim life.
Concepts of Struggle and Leadership
- Jihad: Means "struggle," referring to both personal and communal efforts to follow God's path.
- Caliph: A title for the religious and political leader of the Muslim community.
- Sultan: Meaning "overlord," a title for Islamic rulers, particularly during the Ottoman Empire.
Historical Groups
- Janissaries: Elite soldiers of the Ottoman Empire, comprised of Christian boys taken from their families, converted to Islam, and rigorously trained.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key terms and concepts related to Islam with these flashcards. Learn about important figures, belief systems, and significant terminology within the religion. Perfect for students or anyone interested in Islamic studies.
