10 Questions
What was the initial reaction of the Muslims towards the first Crusaders in terms of their appearance?
They were confused by their poor dressing for the desert heat.
Why did Muslims in the Middle East refer to Western Europeans as Franji?
Because they believed all Crusaders came from France.
How did the Crusaders perceive the Muslim residents of the regions they aimed to reconquer?
As Saracens, a name given collectively by Europeans.
What was one aspect that created a negative impression of the first Crusaders on the Muslims?
Their lack of bathing and resulting odor.
How did the Muslims continue to view the Crusaders even after their initial encounter?
As a smelly and homogenous bunch.
What prohibited food did the new arrivals consume, angering both Jews and Muslims in the Middle East?
Pork
Who did Saladin face at the Battle of Hattin, where he controlled access to water, leading to the Crusaders' defeat due to dehydration?
Crusaders
Which group of Shia Muslims, exiled by the Fatimids, used assassination as a tool to weaken their Muslim enemies?
Assassins
Who established the Ayyubid dynasty after conquering Fatimid Egypt and Syria?
Saladin
Which European leader, part of the Third Crusade, drowned in a river while on his way to the Middle East?
Barbarossa
Explore the initial confusion and eventual changes in the Islamic response to the Latin Crusades that started in 1096. Learn how Muslims, Jews, and Orthodox Christians in the Middle East adapted to the presence of Western Europeans over the course of 100 years.
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