Podcast
Questions and Answers
During growth or pregnancy, by how much can iron absorption increase?
During growth or pregnancy, by how much can iron absorption increase?
Which type of diet enhances iron absorption the most?
Which type of diet enhances iron absorption the most?
What role does Selenium play in the cell membrane?
What role does Selenium play in the cell membrane?
Which mineral is a cofactor for more than 300 enzymes?
Which mineral is a cofactor for more than 300 enzymes?
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Which substances are known to inhibit iron absorption?
Which substances are known to inhibit iron absorption?
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What is the recommended daily intake of iron for an infant?
What is the recommended daily intake of iron for an infant?
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Which is NOT a primary function of zinc?
Which is NOT a primary function of zinc?
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Iron deficiency leads to which type of anemia?
Iron deficiency leads to which type of anemia?
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Which food is NOT a significant source of iodine?
Which food is NOT a significant source of iodine?
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Which condition is NOT a result of iodine deficiency?
Which condition is NOT a result of iodine deficiency?
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Study Notes
Iron Deficiency and Absorption
- Iron absorption increases by 40-50% during growth or pregnancy.
- Diets high in animal protein enhance iron absorption.
- Plant-based diets are associated with low iron absorption.
- Vitamin C, gastric acid, meat, and alcohol are enhancers of iron absorption.
- Fibers, phytic acid, phosphates, phenols, calcium, manganese, tannin, preservatives, soda, beverages, coffee, and chocolate are inhibitors of iron absorption.
- Milk and milk products reduce iron absorption by 30% due to high calcium content.
Recommended Dietary Intake of Iron
- Infants are born with sufficient iron stores if their mothers were well-nourished during pregnancy.
- Iron stores in infants can supply requirements for the first 4 months of life.
- Infants rely on milk, a poor source of iron, after 4 months.
- Breast milk provides sufficient iron for infants for the first 6 months.
- The daily iron requirement is 15 mg/day.
Deficiency of Iron
- Iron deficiency leads to hypochromic microcytic anemia.
Zinc
- Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes, essential for optimal activity.
- Zinc is required for DNA and cell membrane synthesis and function.
- Zinc plays a role in protein metabolism, wound healing, and growth.
- Zinc is necessary for the development of sex organs and the storage, release, and function of insulin.
Selenium
- Selenium has an antioxidant role, reducing damage to cell membranes caused by free radicals.
- Selenium contributes to thyroid hormone metabolism.
Iodine
- Iodine is an essential trace element readily absorbed from the diet.
- Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
- Thyroid hormones are essential for growth and development.
Sources of Iodine
- Seafoods and sea salt are rich sources of iodine.
- Plant foods, such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, and cereals, contain iodine.
- Water, milk, and meat are minor sources of iodine, accounting for 10%.
Deficiency of Iodine
- Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, cretinism, mental retardation, and occasionally fetal loss.
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Description
This quiz covers how iron absorption is affected by different diets, including animal protein and plant-based diets, as well as the presence of enhancers and inhibitors.
