IPCC Report on Climate Change and Resilience

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of global cities according to Saskia Sassen?

Corporate culture

International labor market

Rural population involvement (correct)

Division on finance and non-finance sectors

What does the term 'polarization in wealth' refer to in the context of global cities?

Increase in middle-class income

Greater access to social services for all

A growing divide between the rich and the poor (correct)

Equal distribution of resources among citizens

Which of the following cities is NOT considered a main global city?

Dubai

Singapore

Hong Kong

Madrid (correct)

What is a key argument against globalization as expressed by anti-globalists?

Poor labor conditions worldwide Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a proposed change related to alterglobalism?

Strengthening democratic processes Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT characteristic of food-foraging societies?

Use of complex technologies Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of hunter-gatherer communities?

Mobility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about division of labor in hunter-gatherer societies is true?

Labor division influenced by gender Signup and view all the answers

In food-producing communities, which type of cultivation is characterized by the integration of both extensive and intensive methods?

Mixed cultivation Signup and view all the answers

Which principle governs food sharing in hunter-gatherer societies?

Socialization Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes egalitarian social structures in food-foraging societies?

Equal status regardless of gender or age Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of primary economy utilized by food foragers?

Advanced agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is a major influence on the mobility of food-foraging societies?

Natural resource patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the most visible effect of climate change in Kiribati?

Higher sea levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a main aim of the COP26 conference?

Reduce the use of fossil fuels Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated timeframe for changes due to climate change to become irreversible?

Between 100 and 1000 years Signup and view all the answers

Which agreement was established in 2015 involving 196 countries?

Paris Agreement Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of scientists agree on climate change being predominantly caused by human activities?

97% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of climate change?

Increased biodiversity Signup and view all the answers

What significant event took place in Sharm el-Sheikh in November 2022?

UN Climate Change Conference (COP27) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these measures is NOT part of the proposed solutions to combat climate change?

Investing in coal energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species is considered to have existed around 2 million to 110,000 years ago?

Homo erectus Signup and view all the answers

What significant biological development is associated with Homo sapiens approximately 40,000 years ago?

Cultural explosion Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that modern humans originated from Africa?

"Out of Africa" theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adaptations are attributed to archaic Homo species during the Paleolithic era?

Language and rituals Signup and view all the answers

What misconception about human groups is highlighted in the content?

Some races are inherently more intelligent Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary aspects of globalization?

Cultural, Political, Economic Signup and view all the answers

The term 'race' in biology is often considered what type of construct?

A social construct Signup and view all the answers

Which groups do not hold a closer biological relation to animals compared to others?

All human groups Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Dutch East India Company (VOC)?

It controlled trade and wielded considerable power. Signup and view all the answers

How did corporate involvement affect the Brazilian Amazon's industrialization plans in 1964?

Through partnerships that prioritized infrastructure over indigenous rights. Signup and view all the answers

What factors are suggested to have caused physical differences among human groups?

Adaptation to environment and cultural selection Signup and view all the answers

Which organizations were essential in the development of globalization after WWII?

World Bank, IMF, WTO, and ASEAN Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of corporate practices as illustrated by Coca-Cola's operations in Mexico?

Privatization and over-extraction of natural water resources. Signup and view all the answers

What role do corporations play in the supply and demand chain according to globalization?

They create needs to drive consumption. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'corporate greed' indicate with regards to resources?

Appropriation of local traditions for profit. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential environmental risks associated with glyphosate use?

Unknown risks to water, soil, and food safety Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of women's work in the context of division of labor?

Easily resumed after a break Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the work of children in contemporary societies?

Involves about 15 million children engaged in work Signup and view all the answers

What role does technology play in different societies regarding labor?

Diversity in required technologies and ownership exists Signup and view all the answers

Which type of exchange is characterized by the temporary nature of goods exchanged and its impact on social bonds?

General reciprocal exchange Signup and view all the answers

How does redistribution in trade typically impact social structures?

Can create social prestige for those who manage the process Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of the concept of trade in complex societies?

Involves a negotiating process and social rules Signup and view all the answers

What defines cultures with egalitarian social structures in terms of compensatory mechanisms?

Preventing the concentration of resources among few individuals Signup and view all the answers

In the context of division of labor based on age, which societal arrangement typically involves both children and the elderly?

Includes contributions in hunter-gatherer societies Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

IPCC Report

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis
Signed by 195 countries
Key finding: human-made climate change influenced

Anthropocene

A geological division in Earth's history
Cenozoic Era
Neogene Epoch
Quaternary Period
Pleistocene Epoch
Holocene Epoch (0.01 million years)
Human activities significantly affect Earth

Earth Resilience Barriers

Climate change
Biosphere integrity
Stratospheric ozone depletion
Ocean acidification
Biochemical flows (nitrogen and phosphorus to biosphere and oceans)
Land system change
Freshwater consumption
Atmospheric aerosol loading
Chemical pollution and new entities release
Three boundaries crossed (CO2, biosphere, nitrogen, phosphorus) since 2009

Climate Change

Rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 levels (1950-today)
Greenhouse effect intensifies
Rising average temperatures
Warming ocean waters
Shrinking glaciers

COP 2021 (COP26)

Aims to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C
Reduce fossil fuel use
Stop deforestation
Invest in renewable energy sources
Protect societies and nature
Mobilize $100 billion financing
Finalize Paris Agreement operating rules
Cooperation between governments, businesses, and societies

COP 2022 (COP27)

UN climate change conference (Sharm el-Sheikh, November 7-8, 2022)
Focus: policies to limit temperature rise and adapt to climate change impacts
First loss and damage fund created
Countries did not comply with emission reduction plans since 2015

COP 2023

28th Conference of Parties on Climate Change (Dubai, November 20 - December 28, 2023)
Aims for a more inclusive conference
Pushing for mitigation solutions
Advancement in loss and damage fund operationalization
Increase equitable access to climate finance

COP 2024

Baku, Azerbaijan (November 11-22)
Theme: Solidarity for a Green World
Objectives include increasing the loss and damage fund and adapting to climate change

UN - Other Actions

UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
Redd+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation)
Focus on forest conservation
Indigenous and tribal people rights crucial for nature protection

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Description

This quiz covers the key findings of the IPCC report on climate change, including human impact on Earth's climate systems. It explores the Anthropocene era and the significant barriers to Earth's resilience, such as greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. Test your knowledge on these critical environmental issues and their implications for our planet.