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Questions and Answers
What is the primary method used in the preparation of tinctures involving softening?
What is the primary method used in the preparation of tinctures involving softening?
The strength of compound tinctures is always uniform regardless of preparation.
The strength of compound tinctures is always uniform regardless of preparation.
False
List one example of a flavoring tincture.
List one example of a flavoring tincture.
Vanilla tincture
The process of extracting tinctures by allowing solvent to pass through the plant material is known as _____ .
The process of extracting tinctures by allowing solvent to pass through the plant material is known as _____ .
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Match the following tinctures with their respective uses:
Match the following tinctures with their respective uses:
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What is the primary purpose of alcohol in tinctures?
What is the primary purpose of alcohol in tinctures?
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Tinctures must be stored in clear containers to ensure visibility of contents.
Tinctures must be stored in clear containers to ensure visibility of contents.
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What is the common alcohol content range found in tinctures?
What is the common alcohol content range found in tinctures?
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The preparation of tincture generally uses a ___ to ___ ratio of liquid to herb.
The preparation of tincture generally uses a ___ to ___ ratio of liquid to herb.
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Match the tincture with its specific application:
Match the tincture with its specific application:
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of tinctures?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of tinctures?
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Compound Benzoin Tincture is used as a mucosal protectant.
Compound Benzoin Tincture is used as a mucosal protectant.
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What minimum percentage of alcohol is recommended for tinctures with a shelf life of at least one year?
What minimum percentage of alcohol is recommended for tinctures with a shelf life of at least one year?
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Study Notes
Tincture Introduction
- Tinctures are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from plant materials or chemical substances.
- They contain alcohol in amounts ranging from 15% to 80%.
- Alcohol acts as a preservative against microbial growth and keeps the alcohol-soluble extractives in solution.
- Other solvents, such as glycerin, may be used in tincture preparation.
- Tinctures must be stored in tightly stoppered containers, protected from excessive temperatures, and light.
Tincture Disadvantages
- Unpleasant taste.
- Physicians often prefer single-drug formulations over plant-based preparations.
- High alcohol content.
Topical Tincture Examples
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Green Soap Tincture: It's a blend of coconut and vegetable oil-based soap, 30% ethyl alcohol, glycerin, and 2% lavender oil.
- Used for cleaning skin after tattoos and piercings.
- Suitable for cleaning surgical instruments.
- Its oily base soothes the skin and keeps it soft.
- Glycerin helps restore moisture and minimize alcohol's drying effects.
- The name comes from its natural yellowy-green color.
-
Compound Benzoin Tincture (CTB): Applied topically to skin before adhesive bandages.
- Protects skin from allergy to adhesives and enhances tape adhesion.
- Often sprayed onto skin before casting, minimizing itching and protecting skin under the cast.
- Used as an oral mucosal protectant.
-
Iodine Tincture: An antiseptic solution also known as weak iodine solution.
- Usually 2-7% elemental iodine dissolved in an ethanol and water mixture with potassium iodide or sodium iodide.
Tincture Variations
Official tinctures vary in:
- Method of preparation.
- Strength of their active constituent.
- Alcohol content.
- Intended use in medicine or pharmacy.
Old Method of Tincture Preparation
- Requires at least 40% alcohol for extraction for a one-year shelf life.
- Use dark colored bottles for storage.
- Dried and powdered plant material is placed in the bottle.
- Standard preparation uses a 4:1 ratio of liquid to herb (4 parts liquid and 1 part herb).
- Add ½ cup of water and ½ cup of 180 proof alcohol.
- Soak for four weeks in a cool, dark place.
- Filter the solution after soaking.
- Transfer the filtered solution to a suitable container.
Method of Tincture Preparation
- By simple solution: Tinctures prepared from chemical substances. Examples: Iodine, thimerosal, and nitromersol tinctures.
- By extraction: Using maceration or percolation. Example: Compound cardamom tincture.
Maceration Process
- “Maceration” means "softening."
- This is the simplest method for crude drug extraction.
- Used for tinctures, extracts, and concentrated infusions.
- Examples: Compound benzoin tinctures, sweet orange peel tincture, and tolu balsam tincture.
Percolation Process
- Examples: Belladonna tincture and vanilla tincture.
Strength of Active Components
- No set strength for compound tinctures.
- Strength varies with each preparation.
- The general amount of crude drugs used per 100mL of tincture is:
- Potent drugs: Belladonna leaf – 10 g.
- Non-potent drugs: Tolu Balsam – 20 g.
- Undried fresh fruit peel: Sweet orange peel – 50 g.
Pharmaceutical Uses
- Flavoring: Vanilla, sweet orange peel, Tolu balsam tinctures.
- Medicinal: Iodine Tincture, Thimerosal, Nitromersol Tinctures.
- Anti-infective: Compound Benzoin Tincture.
- Topical protectant: Green soap Tincture.
- Topical detergent: Belladonna Tincture (anticholinergic).
Evaluation of Tincture
- Relative density (or) specific gravity.
- Total solid residue.
- pH.
- Moisture content.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of tinctures, including their preparation, advantages, and disadvantages. You'll explore the composition of tinctures, their uses, and specific examples such as Green Soap Tincture. Test your knowledge on this essential subject in herbal medicine and pharmacology.
