Podcast
Questions and Answers
Tinctures are prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical ______.
Tinctures are prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical ______.
substances
Tinctures contain alcohol in amounts ranging from approximately ______% to 80%.
Tinctures contain alcohol in amounts ranging from approximately ______% to 80%.
15
Ethanol is an excellent solvent for both acidic and ______ constituents.
Ethanol is an excellent solvent for both acidic and ______ constituents.
basic
Herbal tinctures can also be made using ______ as a solvent.
Herbal tinctures can also be made using ______ as a solvent.
Preparations made with glycerin are called ______, providing an alternative for those avoiding alcohol.
Preparations made with glycerin are called ______, providing an alternative for those avoiding alcohol.
Iodine tincture is a popular local anti-infective agent applied to the skin in general household first aid and is ______ brown in color.
Iodine tincture is a popular local anti-infective agent applied to the skin in general household first aid and is ______ brown in color.
The tincture of iodine is prepared by dissolving iodine crystals and sodium iodide in an amount of ______ equal to half the volume of tincture to be prepared.
The tincture of iodine is prepared by dissolving iodine crystals and sodium iodide in an amount of ______ equal to half the volume of tincture to be prepared.
Compound benzoin tincture is prepared by maceration in alcohol of benzoin and lesser amounts of ______, storax, and tolu balsam.
Compound benzoin tincture is prepared by maceration in alcohol of benzoin and lesser amounts of ______, storax, and tolu balsam.
Tinctures must be stored in tightly stoppered containers to prevent loss of ______.
Tinctures must be stored in tightly stoppered containers to prevent loss of ______.
For respiratory conditions, a teaspoonful of compound benzoin tincture is usually added to boiling water and ______ vapors are inhaled by the patient.
For respiratory conditions, a teaspoonful of compound benzoin tincture is usually added to boiling water and ______ vapors are inhaled by the patient.
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Study Notes
Overview of Tinctures
- Tinctures are solutions derived from vegetable materials or chemical substances, utilizing alcohol or hydroalcoholic solvents.
- They vary in preparation methods, strength, alcohol content (15% to 80%), and medicinal or pharmaceutical use.
Composition and Characteristics
- Alcohol acts as a preservative and prevents microbial growth while keeping alcohol-soluble extracts in solution.
- Multiple solvents may be combined to maintain product integrity; inappropriate liquid mixes can lead to solute precipitation.
- Example: Compound benzoin tincture will precipitate when mixed with water due to alcohol-soluble principles.
Solvents Used in Tinctures
- Ethanol: Dissolves less soluble substances in water and acts as a preservative. It can denature some organic compounds, affecting efficacy.
- Alternative Solvents:
- Vinegar: Better for extracting alkaloids due to its acidity; suitable for internal use.
- Glycerol: Used in glycerites for those avoiding alcohol; provides an internal-use alternative.
- Ether & Propylene Glycol: Typically used for external preparations in personal care products like creams and ointments.
Examples of Tinctures
-
Tincture Iodine:
- Prepared by dissolving 2% iodine crystals and 2.4% sodium iodide in alcohol, then diluting with water.
- Utilizes the reaction to form sodium tri-iodide, providing an effective anti-infective treatment.
- Noted for its reddish-brown color which can stain the skin; typically used in first aid.
-
Compound Benzoin Tincture:
- Created by macerating benzoin with aloe, storax, and tolu balsam in alcohol.
- Used to treat conditions like bedsores, ulcers, and cracked skin; acts as an inhalant in respiratory conditions.
- Administered by adding one teaspoonful to boiling water for steam inhalation.
Storage and Handling
- Tinctures must be stored in tightly stoppered containers to prevent alcohol loss and avoid high temperatures.
- Light exposure can cause photochemical changes; therefore, tinctures should be kept in light-resistant containers away from sunlight.
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