Pharmaceutical Tinctures Overview

What is the primary function of alcohol in tinctures?

Which of the following statements about tinctures is true?

What is the effect of ethanol denaturing organic compounds in tincture preparation?

Which solvent is best known for extracting alkaloids and is suitable for tincture preparation?

Which of the following solvents used in tinctures is considered safer for internal use?

What is the primary chemical reaction involved in the preparation of iodine tincture?

What is a key property of tincture iodine when applied to the skin?

What is the main purpose of compound benzoin tincture?

Which of the following statements about storage of tinctures is correct?

How is compound benzoin tincture typically used for respiratory conditions?

Characteristics of Tinctures

Tinctures are alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solutions derived from vegetable or chemical substances.
They vary in preparation methods, active ingredient strength, alcohol content (15% to 80%), and medicinal use.
Alcohol serves as a preservative, preventing microbial growth and maintaining the solubility of extracts.
Mixing tinctures with liquids of diverse solvent characteristics can lead to solute precipitation.

Solvents Used in Tinctures

Ethanol: Acts as an excellent solvent for both acidic and basic substances; also has antibacterial properties.
Glycerin: Used for preparations called glycerites, suitable for individuals avoiding alcohol, and ideal for internal use.
Vinegar: Acidic nature effectively extracts alkaloids.
Ether and Propylene Glycol: Often utilized in externally applied preparations like creams and ointments.

Examples of Tinctures

Tincture Iodine:
- Prepared by dissolving 2% iodine crystals and 2.4% sodium iodide in alcohol and diluted with purified water.
- Functions as a local anti-infective agent, recognized for its reddish-brown color and staining effect on the skin.
- Storage: Must be kept in tight containers to prevent alcohol loss.
Compound Benzoin Tincture:
- Made through the maceration of benzoin, aloe, storax, and tolu balsam in alcohol, including some water and hydrochloric acid.
- Uses include treating bedsores, ulcers, and respiratory conditions via steam inhalation.
- Storage: Requires tightly stoppered containers away from excessive temperatures and light to prevent degradation of constituents.

This quiz explores the characteristics and preparation methods of tinctures used in medicine and pharmacy. Learn about the variations in alcohol content, the role of active ingredients, and different preparation techniques. Suitable for those interested in pharmacology and herbal medicine.