Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a pitfall to avoid when formulating a research question?
Which of the following is NOT a pitfall to avoid when formulating a research question?
- Posing research questions that cannot be answered
- Collecting data and then thinking about your research question
- Defining the method before the research question
- Formulating a question based on observations (correct)
The most restricted procedure regarding ethics concerns in research is database registration.
The most restricted procedure regarding ethics concerns in research is database registration.
False (B)
What is a crucial aspect of a research question as per the guidelines?
What is a crucial aspect of a research question as per the guidelines?
It should be based on a rigorous literature review.
A consent form must include elements related to _____ and participants' informed consent.
A consent form must include elements related to _____ and participants' informed consent.
Match the elements of ethical concerns in research with their descriptions:
Match the elements of ethical concerns in research with their descriptions:
What type of consent is required from parents for minors to participate in research?
What type of consent is required from parents for minors to participate in research?
Passive parental consent is legal in France.
Passive parental consent is legal in France.
Who must give informed consent in institutional research?
Who must give informed consent in institutional research?
Participants' answers from individuals who did not provide ______ consent must be erased.
Participants' answers from individuals who did not provide ______ consent must be erased.
Match the consent method with its description:
Match the consent method with its description:
What is one disadvantage of secondary data collection?
What is one disadvantage of secondary data collection?
Generalizable data can be achieved through biased sampling.
Generalizable data can be achieved through biased sampling.
Name one organization that offers access to empirical data.
Name one organization that offers access to empirical data.
The most critical step in survey research is defining the ________ and hypothesis.
The most critical step in survey research is defining the ________ and hypothesis.
Match the following organizations with their corresponding websites:
Match the following organizations with their corresponding websites:
What is a critical step after data collection in survey research?
What is a critical step after data collection in survey research?
Sampling error can be a drawback in surveys but can be corrected through appropriate methods.
Sampling error can be a drawback in surveys but can be corrected through appropriate methods.
List one advantage of using secondary data in research.
List one advantage of using secondary data in research.
What is the main purpose of a survey according to Presser (1984)?
What is the main purpose of a survey according to Presser (1984)?
Surveys are designed to provide a detailed analysis of specific individuals.
Surveys are designed to provide a detailed analysis of specific individuals.
What are two types of research methods mentioned for surveys?
What are two types of research methods mentioned for surveys?
Surveys are well suited to __________ studies.
Surveys are well suited to __________ studies.
Match the types of survey research with their descriptions:
Match the types of survey research with their descriptions:
In which disciplines are surveys commonly used?
In which disciplines are surveys commonly used?
Surveys attempt to control conditions and manipulate variables.
Surveys attempt to control conditions and manipulate variables.
What is one method of survey research that allows researchers to gather data over a period of time?
What is one method of survey research that allows researchers to gather data over a period of time?
Which of the following is NOT a required component of a consent form for research participation?
Which of the following is NOT a required component of a consent form for research participation?
Individuals must give their consent to the processing of their personal data under GDPR.
Individuals must give their consent to the processing of their personal data under GDPR.
What is one of the potential risks that must be disclosed to participants in research?
What is one of the potential risks that must be disclosed to participants in research?
A key component of the consent form is the ______, which provides participants with necessary information.
A key component of the consent form is the ______, which provides participants with necessary information.
Match the following aspects of sensitive data with their corresponding examples:
Match the following aspects of sensitive data with their corresponding examples:
Which of these is a principle under the General Data Protection Regulation?
Which of these is a principle under the General Data Protection Regulation?
Participants can withdraw from the research without facing any consequences.
Participants can withdraw from the research without facing any consequences.
What must be ensured regarding the anonymity of sensitive data?
What must be ensured regarding the anonymity of sensitive data?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Survey Methods
-
Survey Definitions:
- A survey is a standardized data collection process that gathers information from human respondents through questionnaires.
- Surveys focus on gathering data from groups rather than individuals.
- Surveys provide a snapshot of a situation at a specific time.
- Surveys are suitable for descriptive, exploratory, and explanatory research, as well as for hypothesis testing.
-
Applications of Surveys:
- Surveys are utilized extensively in social and behavioral sciences, government agencies, international organizations, and polling companies.
- Disciplines that benefit from surveys include economics, psychology, sociology, and marketing.
Research Question and Hypothesis
- Guidelines for Research Questions:
- Articulate a single, clear, and explicit research question.
- Base the question on a comprehensive review of existing literature.
- Ensure the question is based on observational or empirical data and offers new insights.
- Avoid defining the method before formulating the research question.
- Do not collect data before defining the research question.
- Ensure the question is answerable and not a duplicate of existing research.
Ethics and Legal Issues
-
Ethical Considerations:
- Surveys should be designed with ethical considerations in mind.
- Primary concerns include:
- The rationale and relevance of the study method (research and method concerns)
- Informed consent of participants (ethics concerns)
- Data acquisition, storage, and access (legal concerns)
-
Essential Components of a Consent Form:
- Voluntary participation
- Purpose of the research
- Detailed description of procedures
- Potential risks
- Confidentiality (if applicable)
- Anonymity (if applicable)
- Potential benefits
- Financial reimbursement, costs, and commercialization (if applicable)
- Right to withdraw without consequences
- Alternative participation options (if applicable)
- Researcher contact information
- Legal information about data acquisition, storage, access, and usage (if applicable)
- Access to study results
- IRB number (if applicable)
-
Data Privacy and GDPR:
- The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) governs data protection in the European Union.
- Individuals require explicit consent for processing their personal data.
- GDPR requirements include:
- Purpose of data collection
- The organization collecting data
- Duration of data storage
- Access rights
- Contact information
- Data security measures
-
Consent Form with Minors:
- Active parental or legal guardian consent is required.
- Parents or guardians sign and return a form to indicate consent.
- Passive consent, where parents only sign if they object, is not legal in France.
Research in Institutional Settings
- Informed Consent in Institutional Settings:
- Permission from the responsible institutional guardian is necessary.
- Participants or their legal guardians require informed consent.
- Special considerations are required for institutionalized populations regarding the relevance of the study.
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