Survey Methods and Data Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a survey?

  • To create surveys
  • To sell products
  • To understand people's choices and attitudes (correct)
  • To entertain respondents

All data collected from surveys should be organized before dissemination.

True (A)

What is a tally and frequency table used for?

To record and organize survey results.

Group the data into _____ to make it more useful if there is a large range.

<p>grouped frequency tables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of survey questions with their description:

<p>Multiple Choice = Respondents select one or more options. Rating Scale = Respondents rate their opinion on a scale. Open-ended = Respondents provide a free text response. Likert Scale = Respondents indicate their level of agreement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used to visualize survey data?

<p>Bar graphs (B), Pie charts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A survey can only consist of yes or no questions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the data collected from a survey before sharing it?

<p>It should be organized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activity is done to know people’s feelings or choices about a certain topic?

<p>Survey (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Likert Scale is a type of open-ended question.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of graph uses symbols or images to represent frequencies?

<p>Pictograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

The height of the bar in a bar graph represents the ______.

<p>frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of administering a survey involves direct interaction with respondents?

<p>Face-to-face structured interview (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does a survey generally utilize a non-disguised approach?

<p>When gathering demographic information or opinions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The personal approach in administering a survey does not allow the researcher to observe respondent behavior.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following survey methods with their descriptions:

<p>Face-to-face Structured Interview = Researcher directly asks questions to respondents Online Survey = Respondents complete the survey via the internet Mail Survey = Surveys sent through postal service Telephone Survey = Interviews conducted over the phone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a self-administered approach?

<p>Paper-and-pencil Survey (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mail survey requires respondents to complete a survey in the presence of a researcher.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of writing a survey report?

<p>To summarize and analyze research findings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surveys conducted over the phone are categorized as __________ surveys.

<p>telephone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the survey administration method with its description:

<p>Telephone Survey = Conducted via phone calls to gather responses Mail Survey = Questionnaires are sent through mail for independent completion Online Survey = Gathering data from various online platforms Paper-and-pencil Survey = Respondents fill out surveys without technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline should be followed to ensure clarity in a survey?

<p>Ask direct questions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is advisable to lead respondents toward a particular answer in survey questions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of online surveys?

<p>They can reach a large number of respondents across different locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of ordering information in a report?

<p>Biographical order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A good report should be subjective and include personal opinions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key quality that ensures the accuracy of a report?

<p>Accurate presentation of facts</p> Signup and view all the answers

A report may consist of eyewitness accounts and __________ information.

<p>first-hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the report components with their descriptions.

<p>Objective point of view = Not biased or influenced by personal feelings Accurate presentation = Presentation of facts and data clearly and correctly Honest details = Truthful and complete reporting of information Graphical representation = Visual display of data collected from surveys</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the example questions given for the group task?

<p>What is the ultimate reason why students get sleepy during class discussion? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can only conduct surveys in groups of 20-30 respondents.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of pages required for the group task report?

<p>2 pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Survey

A survey is a method to gather information about people's choices, attitudes, or feelings on specific issues.

Tally and Frequency Table

A simple way to organize data by counting occurrences in a survey and presenting them in a table.

Grouped Frequency Table

Organizes large datasets by grouping data into ranges.

Disseminating Information

Sharing collected survey data.

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Data Organization

Proper arrangement of collected survey information.

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Survey Results

The findings and conclusions collected through a survey.

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Mode of Transport

A method of travel, a topic frequently surveyed.

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Frequency

The number of times something occurs.

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Graph

Visual representation of data.

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Survey activity

An activity used to understand people's opinions and choices on a specific topic or issue.

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Open-ended question

A question respondents answer freely, often used in qualitative research.

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Likert Scale

A type of question that measures opinions or attitudes using a scale of options.

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Pictogram

A graph using symbols or images to display frequencies.

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Bar graph height

Represents the frequency or count of a data point.

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Snowiest month

The month with the highest amount of snowfall.

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Least snowfall month

The month with the lowest amount of snowfall.

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Total snow days

The sum of all snow days across all months.

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Snow days (Jan & Mar)

The total snow days for January and March combined.

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Difference in snow days (Feb & Jan)

The difference in the number of snow days between February and January.

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Survey method

A technique to collect data by asking questions to people with relevant information; it systematically achieves specific goals.

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Face-to-face structured interview

A survey method where researchers personally ask survey questions.

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Personal approach

A survey method that allows researchers to probe responses and observe behavior.

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Survey Method

A method for collecting data about people's opinions, choices, and feelings on subjects.

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Report Structure

Organizing a report logically, using methods like chronological, geographical, or problem-solution approaches.

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Report Qualities

Characteristics of a good report: objectivity, accuracy, and honesty; facts, figures, and clear statements.

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Data Presentation

Displaying survey results using graphs (bar, pie, line) that visualize the data clearly.

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Survey Questions

Specific questions used to collect data in a survey to understand reasons or behaviors.

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Data Gathering

Collecting information through surveys.

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Report Submission

The act of delivering a completed report, often with a specified deadline.

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Telephone Survey

A survey conducted using phone calls to ask individuals questions.

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Self-Administered Approach

A survey method where respondents complete the survey independently without researcher presence.

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Paper-and-Pencil Survey

A traditional survey method where respondents complete questionnaires on paper.

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Online Survey

A survey method conducted online, useful for reaching many respondents across different locations.

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Mail Survey

A survey method where questionnaires are mailed to respondents.

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Survey Report

A formal document presenting survey results, often in percentages and proportions.

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Survey Report Sections

Organised sections within a survey report to present data clearly and concisely.

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Executive Summary

A brief overview summarizing the survey report.

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Survey Objectives

Specific targets of the survey which are explained in the background of the survey.

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Background Information

Contextual information about surveyed topics or research.

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Successful Survey

A survey that effectively gathers needed information by fulfilling critical considerations.

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Necessary Questions

Questions relevant to the survey topic that should be asked in a survey.

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Direct Questions

Survey questions that are not misleading and are straightforward.

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Leading Questions

Questions that suggest a particular answer.

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Biased Questions

Questions that may show favoritism toward a particular solution.

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Response Scales

Systems for measuring how respondents answer the survey.

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Value Communicated

Honesty and accuracy in presenting survey data.

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Study Notes

Survey Overview

  • A survey is a method to understand people's choices, attitudes, and feelings on specific issues.
  • Surveys help determine reactions to gather data and inform solutions to problems.
  • Survey data needs organization before dissemination.
  • Data organization methods vary based on the type of data collected.

Types of Survey Questions

  • Open-ended: respondents answer freely, allowing for detailed responses. Follow-up questions might be needed.
  • Dichotomous: two possible answers (yes/no, true/false, agree/disagree) used to distinguish preferences or experiences.
  • Multiple-response: respondents can give more than one answer.
  • Matrix: used when several questions have the same answer options. Likert scale is a common matrix type.

Displaying Survey Data

  • Pictograms: Use pictures to represent the frequency of data. A symbol representing a certain number.
  • Bar-line graphs: Lines instead of bars represent frequency. Height indicates frequency.
  • Pie charts: divided into proportional slices to represent different frequencies.
  • Bar graphs: Rectangles represent frequency. The height determines frequency.

Writing a Survey Report

  • A formal report based on gathered survey results.
  • Uses percentages and proportions to present the data.
  • Summarizes research topic & existing studies; crucial step in any research project.
  • Includes sections with headings and an executive summary. Background section provides contextual information.

Tips for Conducting a Successful Survey

  • Every question must be necessary.
  • Keep questions short and simple.
  • Ask direct questions.
  • Ask one question at a time.
  • Avoid leading or biased questions.
  • Use a respondent's language.
  • Use response scales whenever appropriate.
  • Avoid using guiding grids or matrices.

Guidelines for Creating a Survey Report

  • Value Communicated: Objective, accurate, and honest presentation of facts and results.
  • Basic Content: May include eyewitness accounts, facts, figures, statistics, observations from interviews, and research.

Modes of Ordering in a Survey Report

  • Chronological/Time: Ordered by when events occur.
  • Geographical/Spatial: Ordered by location.
  • Logical/Inductive & Deductive: Ordered by reasoning.
  • Problem-Solution: Ordered to present a problem followed by proposed solutions.
  • Cause-Effect: Ordered to show relationships between cause and effect.
  • Formal: Traditional outline structure for reports.
  • Abstract, Introduction, Background - Statement of the problem, Materials - Method or Procedure, Results - Discussion - Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation: A specific formal structure approach for writing a research report.

Basic Qualities of a Good Survey Report

  • Objective: Not subjective or influenced by personal opinions.
  • Accurate: Correct presentation of facts.
  • Honest: Not falsely or incomplete report.

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