Introduction to Social and Primary Health Care
23 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is one of the roles of the Ministry of Education in the context of Primary Health Care?

  • Educating about health in schools (correct)
  • Managing food supply
  • Conducting vaccinations
  • Installing public works

    • Community members, including religious leaders and teachers, are not considered personnel for Primary Health Care.

    False (B)

    Name one preventive service included in the elements of Primary Health Care.

    Immunization of children

    The decrease in infant mortality rates is one of the health gains since the introduction of _______.

    <p>Primary Health Care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of multi-sectorial collaboration?

    <p>Cooperation across various sectors like agriculture and education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following personnel roles with their respective categories in Primary Health Care:

    <p>Physician = Medical personnel Nurse midwife = Paramedical personnel Social worker = Health related personnel Teacher = Community members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health education is a component of curative services in Primary Health Care.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one factor that contributes to healthcare accessibility?

    <p>Education level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents the overall goal of Primary Health Care (PHC)?

    <p>To ensure the highest possible level of health for all individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Community participation is essential for the effective implementation of Primary Health Care.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of health focus on beyond the absence of disease?

    <p>Complete physical, mental and social wellbeing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Declaration of Alma Ata was established in the year ______.

    <p>1978</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following principles of Primary Health Care with their descriptions:

    <p>Equity = Fair distribution of health services Accessibility = Health services available to all Community Participation = Engagement of individuals in health decisions Comprehensiveness = Includes preventive and curative services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered an aspect of accessibility in health services?

    <p>Quality of care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The comprehensive nature of Primary Health Care includes palliative care.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of health education and awareness in primary health care?

    <p>To empower individuals and communities to make informed health decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Tertiary level in the Public Health Pyramid?

    <p>Restorative interventions for disease progression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Equity in health services means providing universal access to health services regardless of differences among populations.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two methods to ensure equity in health services?

    <p>Increase health centers and disperse services to remote areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The extent to which people consider a healthcare intervention appropriate based on their responses is known as __________.

    <p>acceptability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a principle of Primary Health Care?

    <p>Profitability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increasing the number of health centers is an effective way to improve accessibility in health services.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does community participation play in healthcare?

    <p>It involves community members in health decisions and interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Public Health

    The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts.

    Health (WHO Definition)

    A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

    Primary Health Care (PHC)

    Essential health care made available to individuals and families through their full participation and at an affordable cost.

    PHC Characteristics

    Comprehensive, meeting real health needs, including prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care; population-based care from birth to death.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Alma-Ata Declaration (PHC)

    Defines PHC as essential health services based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods, accessible to individuals and families.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Astana Declaration (PHC)

    A whole-of-society approach to PHC, focusing on people's needs and health promotion, prevention, treatment, and end-of-life care.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PHC Components

    Includes prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care, covering a person's (or community's) entire lifespan.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PHC Accessibility

    Services must be affordable and accessible to everyone in the community.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    ORS for dehydration

    Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is used as an alternative to intravenous fluids (IV) for treating dehydration, particularly in cases of diarrhea.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Multi-sectoral collaboration

    Working together of multiple sectors (e.g., health, education, agriculture) to improve health outcomes.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Primary Health Care (PHC) personnel

    A team including doctors, nurses, other health professionals, and community members who provide comprehensive health services.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PHC preventive elements

    Strategies focused on preventing health problems, like health education, nutrition, and maternal/child health care.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PHC curative elements

    Treatment of common diseases and injuries, including providing necessary medications.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Spacing pregnancies

    Planning for time between pregnancies to improve maternal and child health.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Infant & Under-5 Mortality

    Deaths of infants and children under five years of age.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Life Expectancy

    Average number of years a person is expected to live, depending on the year they are born.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Public Health Pyramid

    A framework for organizing public health interventions, focusing on prevention at the primary level and restorative interventions at the tertiary level.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Primary Prevention

    Public health programs aimed at the entire population for disease prevention and skill building through education and awareness.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Secondary Prevention

    Programs targeting individuals with early-identified health problems to alleviate them and prevent escalation.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Tertiary Prevention

    Restorative and intensive interventions to stop or slow disease progression.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Equity in PHC

    Ensuring equal access to healthcare services for all, without avoidable differences based on social, economic, demographic, or geographic factors.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Equity in Distribution

    Prioritizing resources in areas with higher need. High risk groups have higher priority.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Acceptability (in Healthcare)

    The extent to which both providers and recipients of health services perceive an intervention as suitable and appropriate

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Equity

    The absence of preventable health differences among populations.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Social and Primary Health Care Services

    • The presentation is about social and primary health care services.
    • The presenter is Nour Nabil Abd-Alqader from the College of Pharmacy, Jerash University in Jordan.
    • The presentation focuses on public health.

    Defining Health

    • Health is more than just the absence of disease; it's a state of complete physiological, psychological, and social well-being.

    Defining Public Health

    • Public health is the effort to prevent disease, increase lifespan, and promote health within society through organized approaches.

    Table of Contents

    • The presentation covers the concept of primary health care (PHC).
    • It includes the components and principles of PHC.
    • A section on referral in PHC.
    • Finally, there is a detailed explanation of health care services for PHC in Jordan.

    Concept of PHC

    • PHC is based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods and technologies.
    • PHC should be accessible to all individuals and families in the community.
    • The community and country should be able to afford PHC to maintain health development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination.

    Key Principles of PHC

    • Equity: Ensuring health services are available to everyone regardless of socio-economic factors.
      • This requires community participation in planning and implementing health care.
      • It means investing more resources in areas with the most needs.
    • Acceptability: Interventions must be acceptable and appropriate to the local culture and beliefs.
    • Accessibility: Services should be reasonably available and affordable to the population.
      • Physical accessibility addresses the location and opening hours of services.
      • Economic accessibility accounts for financial and opportunity costs.
      • Informational accessibility covers access to information concerning health.
    • Appropriate Technology: Using and adapting to practical and appropriate technologies relevant to local needs.

    Ensuring Equity in PHC

    • Increasing the number of health centers to cover the entire population.
    • Spreading services to remote rural areas and under-served urban communities.
    • Enhancing transportation mediums.
    • Identifying vulnerable groups and reaching them with specialized services.

    Acceptability

    • Acceptability relates to how well people perceive healthcare interventions.
    • It considers their cognitive and emotional responses.
    • Acceptability can be influenced by various factors such as political, economic and cultural sensitivities.

    Accessibility

    • Physical accessibility focuses on reaching locations and appropriate opening hours.
    • Economic accessibility factors in affordability for services.
    • Informational accessibility involves providing individuals with the right to information about health issues.

    Community Participation

    • Community participation is crucial in PHC.
    • It involves individuals, families, and communities in promoting health and wellbeing.
    • Community involvement is necessary for planning, implementing and maintaining PHC.
    • Community participation ensures the supply of resources to cover PHC activity (equipment, drugs, aids).
    • Community can participate in prevention of diseases (communicable and non-communicable), alongside appropriate use of health services.

    Benefits of Community Participation

    • People are more likely to accept preventive health care.
    • Health awareness is improved within the community.
    • Participation alleviates the burden on the government in providing support for health care workers.

    Appropriate Technology

    • Appropriate technology must be adaptable to the needs of the community.
    • Technologies must be scientifically sound and affordable for maintenance by the community.

    Examples of Appropriate Technology

    • Educating the population on safe water measures (boiling).
    • Providing ORS instead of IV fluids in emergencies.
    • Supporting breastfeeding practices to improve spacing between pregnancies.

    Multisectoral Collaboration

    • Collaboration between the health sector and other related sectors will significantly impact national and community development.
    • Collaboration will address education, agriculture, food, industry, housing, communication, and public works.
    • Planning at the national level needs to include all sectors.

    Multi-sector collaboration: Examples

    • Ministry of Education in schools of health.
    • Social sector in controlling social factors related to health issues (e.g., divorce, violence, and unemployment).
    • Ministry of Agriculture to improve food production.

    Team Approach in PHC

    • PHC involves a multidisciplinary approach to health care, including medical, paramedical, and non-medical professionals.
    • Team work brings together various expertise and skills to deliver comprehensive services to individuals, families, and the community.

    Who Provides PHC?

    • Medical personnel (doctors, dentists)
    • Paramedical personnel (nurses, midwives)
    • Health technicians
    • Health professionals from related sectors (social workers, sanitarians, food inspectors)
    • Community members (religious, school leaders, educators).

    Elements of PHC / Preventive

    • Health education to prevent and control diseases.
    • Promoting appropriate food and nutrition.
    • Providing maternal and child health services.
    • Immunizing children.
    • Maintaining environmental sanitation.
    • Preventing and controlling locally endemic diseases.

    Elements of PHC / Curative

    • Treating common diseases and injuries.
    • Providing essential drugs.

    Elements of PHC/ Specific Examples

    • Education: about prevailing health problems
    • Prevention of endemic diseases
    • Essential drugs
    • Maternal and child health care (e.g., family planning)
    • Expanded immunization
    • Food supply and nutrition
    • Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries
    • Safe water and sanitation

    Health Gains from PHC

    • Reduced infant and under-five mortality.
    • Improved life expectancy for males and females.
    • Increased vaccination coverage.
    • Slight improvement in environmental conditions.

    Conclusion

    • The presentation is ongoing.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Social and Primary Health Care Services PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of social and primary health care services, highlighting the importance of public health. The material discusses the definition of health, the principles of primary health care (PHC), and its application in Jordan. Dive deeper into the components and referral processes related to PHC.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser