18 Questions
What is the main difference between belief and science?
Science requires continuous testing against evidence, while belief knows something without needing evidence.
Which of the following components is NOT part of science?
Philosophy
What type of data is summarized in written descriptions?
Qualitative data
What does logic in science specifically focus on?
Necessary connection or outcome
Which term describes data collected in the form of numbers or categories?
Quantitative data
What is the primary purpose of evidence in science?
To avoid faulty information outcomes
What is a hypothesis?
A tentative explanation that can be tested empirically
Which of the following best describes a theory?
A set of related hypotheses providing a better explanation
What is induction in the context of hypotheses and theories?
Making generalizations from specific data to form hypotheses
What does deduction involve?
Testing hypotheses and theories with empirical evidence
In the context of validity, what does it mean when you 'actually measure what you say you are measuring'?
The concept being measured is accurately captured by the method
What happens when a hypothesis is refuted?
It must be discarded or changed and retested
What is the main difference between high validity and high reliability in research?
High validity ensures that the results correspond to real properties, while high reliability means the results are consistent upon repetition.
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the scientific method as described in the text?
Reliance on personal bias and subjective belief of the researcher.
Why is it important for findings to be grounded in objective observation rather than personal bias or subjective belief?
To ensure that research outcomes correspond to real properties and characteristics.
What does the scientific method rely on to document objective data?
Direct observation and systematic methods.
How does high reliability serve as an indicator of measurement validity?
Through the repetition of research leading to consistent findings.
Which aspect distinguishes a scientific law from a scientific theory based on the text?
A law summarizes experimental results and observations, while a theory ties together hypotheses and observations.
Test your knowledge on defining science, comparing science and belief, identifying steps of the scientific method, and listing properties of scientific method according to 'Introduction to Scientific Research' by Prof. Dr. Soheir Samaan.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
