Introduction to Science and Technology in the Philippines

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between science, technology, and nation building?

Science and technology are foundational to modern nation building.

Which ancient practices in science and technology are now considered as?

Experimental Science

Indigenous Science (correct)

Colonial Science

Modern Science

What significant contributions did the Spaniards and Americans make to science and technology in the Philippines?

The Spaniards introduced formal science and technology and the Americans had a greater influence in advancing technologies.

The Galleon Trade brought additional technology and development to the Philippines.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are some policies that the NCRP recommends for improving competitiveness in the ASEAN region?

Policies include integrating ASEAN awareness in education, local food security, and emphasizing degrees and licenses. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the clustered policies by NCRP?

Information Technology Signup and view all the answers

The government seeks to enhance science and technology by allocating ______ of the GDP to research.

two percent Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Balik Scientist Program?

To encourage Filipino scientists abroad to return home and collaborate with local scientists. Signup and view all the answers

STEM education is crucial for developing which of the following skills?

Critical thinking and problem-solving Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered Rizal's first teacher?

Donya Teodora Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals was recognized as the noblest of all Filipinos in one of Rizal's letters?

Paciano Signup and view all the answers

Rizal was home-schooled before transferring to a private school.

True Signup and view all the answers

What academic discipline did Rizal study at the University of Sto. Tomas?

Medicine Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Rizal enroll at the Universidad Central de Madrid?

1882 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scholars Rizal met during his time in Europe with their fields:

Hendrik Kern = Sanskrit A.B. Meyer = Ethnography Wilhelm Joest = Philippine studies Fedor Jagor = Naturalist Rudolf Virchow = Anthropology Signup and view all the answers

Rizal was inspired by Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez to study harder and write __________.

poetry Signup and view all the answers

Who was responsible for relaying the message of secularization to Rizal?

Paciano Signup and view all the answers

What secret mission was Rizal sent on by his brother Paciano?

To observe different European cultures Signup and view all the answers

What degree did Rizal achieve at Ateneo de Manila?

Bachelor of Arts Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction: The Power of Science and Technology

Science and technology are fundamental to modern nation building
Filipinos utilized science and technology in everyday life practices like home building, irrigation, and tool development.
Archeological artifacts discovered in the Philippines reveal the influence of the metal age on early Filipinos.
Ancient scientific and technological practices in the Philippines are considered Indigenous Science or Folk Science.
Spain's colonization brought with them European culture and practices, including the foundation of formal education in the sciences and technology, known as the School of Science and Technology.
The Galleon Trade introduced further technological innovation to the Philippines.
The United States had a more significant influence than the Spanish on Filipino science and technology.

Government Policies on Science and Technology

The government actively seeks to improve the Philippines’ competitiveness in the ASEAN region.
The National Research Council of the Philippines (NCRP) advises the government on policy and program development to strengthen the Philippines’ position in the ASEAN region.
NCRP's policies are clustered into four categories:
- Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance
- Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences and Mathematics
- Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Biological Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry

Promoting ASEAN awareness in basic education without adding to the curriculum
Emphasizing teaching in the mother tongue
Developing school infrastructure and providing for ICT broadband
Promoting local food security

Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences and Mathematics

Emphasizing degrees, licenses, and employment opportunities
Providing outright grants for peer monitoring
Reviewing Republic Act 9184
Recognizing the power of science and technology as a driver of development

Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Ensuring drug manufacturing firms comply with ASEAN harmonized standards through the full implementation of the Food and Drug Administration.
Establishing an education council dedicated to the standardization of pharmaceutical services and care.
Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct evidence-based research.
Allocating two percent of the GDP to research.
Legislating a law supporting human genome projects.

Biological Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry

Protecting and conserving biodiversity by fully implementing existing laws.
Utilizing biosafety and standard models used by ASEAN countries.
Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and indigenous people conservation.
Formulating common food and safety standards.

DOST Supported Programs

Providing funding for basic research and patent-related activities in science and technology.
Offering scholarships for undergraduate and graduate studies in science and technology.
Establishing more branches of the Philippine Science High School System for training young Filipinos in science and technology.
Creating science and technology parks to foster partnerships between academia and industry.
The Balik Scientist Program encourages Filipino scientists working abroad to return home and contribute to research and collaboration with Philippine-based scientists.

Education and Human Capital

STEM education is crucial for developing a skilled workforce.
STEM education fosters critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
STEM education prepares citizens for the jobs of the future.

Rizal’s Family

Rizal's mother, Doña Teodora, was his first teacher, influencing his love for learning through nightly readings.
Rizal recognized the importance of mothers in shaping values and love for country, as they are the first teachers of their children.
Rizal's brother, Paciano, was a prominent figure in the fight for reform and secularization.
Paciano relayed ideas from Padre Jose Burgos, one of the executed martyrs, advocating for change.

As a Student in Binan and Manila

Rizal attended a private school in Binan under Justiniano Aquino Cruz, where his love for painting was nurtured by Juancho.
From 1872-1877, Rizal studied at the Ateneo de Manila, under the supervision of Jesuit priests.
Jesuit education emphasized discipline, and Rizal was particularly inspired by Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez, who encouraged his writing, and Fr. José Villaclara, who encouraged his studies in philosophy and natural sciences.
Rizal graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree and a surveying diploma.
From 1877-1882, Rizal studied medicine at the University of Santo Tomas.
Before his trip to Europe, Rizal studied Philosophy and Letters for a year.

Rizal in Europe: German Scholarship

Rizal benefited from the development of Orientalist studies in Germany.
His connection with Ferdinand Blumentritt, an Austrian scholar who published works on Philippine ethnology, was crucial.
Rizal met various scholars through Blumentritt's connections, including:
- Hendrik Kern, professor of Sanskrit at the University of Leiden
- A.B. Meyer, director of the Ethnographic Museum in Dresden
- Wilhelm Joest, professor at the University of Berlin, who published articles on the Philippines
- Fedor Jagor, a naturalist who traveled to Southeast Asia
- Rudolf Virchow, president of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology, and Prehistory
Rizal was affiliated with academic organizations in Germany, such as the Geographical Society in Berlin and the Anthropological Society of Berlin.

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Description

Explore the historical influence of science and technology in the Philippines, from indigenous practices to modern innovations. This quiz covers the impact of Spanish and American colonization, as well as government policies aimed at enhancing competitiveness in various sectors.