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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between declaring a string using 'char string =
What is the main difference between declaring a string using 'char string =
- Both allocate the same amount of memory space.
- The second declaration uses a fixed memory size.
- The first allocates 10 bytes while the second allocates memory as per requirement. (correct)
- Only the first declaration requires a null character.
What will happen if a null character is not explicitly included in a string declaration?
What will happen if a null character is not explicitly included in a string declaration?
- The compiler will automatically add a ' extbackslash{}0' character. (correct)
- The program will crash.
- The compiler will automatically add a ' ' character.
- The compiler will automatically add a ' ' character.
Which of the following functions is mentioned for reading a line of text?
Which of the following functions is mentioned for reading a line of text?
- gets() (correct)
- puts()
- printf()
- scanf()
What is the primary purpose of the course described?
What is the primary purpose of the course described?
Which statement is true regarding the scanf() function?
Which statement is true regarding the scanf() function?
Which of the following correctly represents a string in C?
Which of the following correctly represents a string in C?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string?
What is the correct way to print a string using printf() in C?
What is the correct way to print a string using printf() in C?
What is the output when declaring char string = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' extbackslash{}0'};
What is the output when declaring char string = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' extbackslash{}0'};
Which course outcome focuses on programming execution and debugging in C?
Which course outcome focuses on programming execution and debugging in C?
What happens when using the puts() function?
What happens when using the puts() function?
Which option represents a correct characteristic of strings in C programming?
Which option represents a correct characteristic of strings in C programming?
What is the correct way to initialize a string using traditional character array syntax?
What is the correct way to initialize a string using traditional character array syntax?
What is the maximum total marks a student can achieve in theoretical assessment?
What is the maximum total marks a student can achieve in theoretical assessment?
What does CO5 emphasize in the course outcomes?
What does CO5 emphasize in the course outcomes?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string in C?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string in C?
Which of the following is NOT included in the assessment pattern for practical evaluations?
Which of the following is NOT included in the assessment pattern for practical evaluations?
Which function is safer to use for reading strings in C?
Which function is safer to use for reading strings in C?
In the code provided, how is the string 's2' concatenated to 's1'?
In the code provided, how is the string 's2' concatenated to 's1'?
What is the main purpose of using 'puts' in a C program?
What is the main purpose of using 'puts' in a C program?
Why is it important for 's1' to have a sufficient length when concatenating it with 's2'?
Why is it important for 's1' to have a sufficient length when concatenating it with 's2'?
What type of quotes are used to enclose a string in C?
What type of quotes are used to enclose a string in C?
What command correctly terminates a string after concatenation?
What command correctly terminates a string after concatenation?
What is a common misconception regarding the use of 'gets' in C?
What is a common misconception regarding the use of 'gets' in C?
What format specifier is used to print a string or character array in C's printf function?
What format specifier is used to print a string or character array in C's printf function?
What output will this C program generate? int main() { char ary[]="Discovery Channel"; printf("%s", ary); return 0; }
What output will this C program generate? int main() { char ary[]="Discovery Channel"; printf("%s", ary); return 0; }
What will be the output of the following C program? char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'}; printf("%s", str);
What will be the output of the following C program? char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'}; printf("%s", str);
What is the expected output of the following C program? int main() { int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'}; printf("A%c ",str); printf("A%s ",str); printf("A%c ",str); return 0; }
What is the expected output of the following C program? int main() { int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'}; printf("A%c ",str); printf("A%s ",str); printf("A%c ",str); return 0; }
What will the following C snippet print? char str[] = "hello"; printf("%s", str);
What will the following C snippet print? char str[] = "hello"; printf("%s", str);
In C, which of the following is the correct way to end a string?
In C, which of the following is the correct way to end a string?
How can a character array be initialized in C?
How can a character array be initialized in C?
What happens if you print a character array without a null terminator?
What happens if you print a character array without a null terminator?
Study Notes
Introduction to Problem Solving
- This course aims to teach students how to solve problems through programming.
- Students will learn to develop logic-building skills.
- The course will use the C programming language.
Course Outcomes
- CO1: Remember the concepts related to fundamentals of C language, to draw flocharts and write algorithms/pseudocode.
- CO2: Understand how to execute and debug programs in C.
- CO3: Apply various constructs, loops, and functions to solve mathematical and scientific problems.
- CO4: Analyze dynamic memory behavior through the use of pointers.
- CO5: Design and develop modular programs for real-world problems using control and selection structures.
Assessment Pattern
- Theory:
- Continuous Internal Assessment (CAE): 40 Marks
- Semester End Examination (SEE): 60 Marks
- Practical:
- Continuous Internal Assessment (CAE): 60 Marks
- Semester End Examination (SEE): 40 Marks
String Definition
- A string in C is an array of characters terminated with a null character (
\0
). - The null character indicates the end of the string.
- Strings are enclosed in double quotes (").
- Characters are enclosed in single quotes (').
Initialization of String
- Example:
char string[] = "Hello";
Memory Representation of String
- When a string is declared, the compiler automatically allocates the memory space needed to store the null character (
\0
) at the end. - Example:
-
For the string
char string[] = "Hello";
, the memory space would be:H
e
l
l
o
\0
-
String Input and Output Functions
scanf()
Function:- Can be used to read string input from the terminal.
- Uses the
%s
format specifier. - Terminates input on encountering the first whitespace.
gets()
Function:- Reads a line of string input from the terminal.
puts()
Function:- Displays a string.
Examples
-
Example 1:
gets()
andputs()
Functions:#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char string[100];
printf ("Enter your name: ");
gets(string);
printf ("Name: ");
puts(string);
return 0;
}
-
Example 2: Concatenating Two Strings
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char s1[] = "programming ", s2[] = "is awesome";
int length = 0, j;
while (s1[length] != '\0'){
++length;
}
for (j = 0; s2[j] != '\0'; ++j, ++length) {
s1[length] = s2[j];
}
s1[length] = '\0';
printf("After concatenation: ");
puts(s1);
return 0;
}
Summary
- Strings in C are arrays of characters ending with a null character (
\0
). - Use
gets()
andputs()
functions for input and output of strings.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Write a C program to count the number of lines, words, and characters in a given text.
- Write a C program to print all vowel and consonant characters separately.
- Write a C program to count the uppercase, lowercase, and special characters in a string.
- Write a C program to print the following pattern:
- H
- He
- Hel
- Hell
- Hello
Quiz
-
What is the format specifier used to print a string or character array in the
printf
orscanf
function?%c
%C
%s
%w
-
What is the output of the following C program with strings?
int main() {
char ary[]="Discovery Channel";
printf("%s",ary);
return 0;
}
- A) D
- B) Discovery Channel
- C) Discovery
- D) Compiler Error
-
What is the output of the following C program with strings?
int main() {
char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'};
printf("%s",str);
return 0;
}
- A) g
- B) globe
- C) globe\0
- D) None of the above
-
What is the output of the following C program?
int main() {
int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'};
printf("A%c ",str);
printf("A%s ",str);
printf("A%c ",str);
return 0;
}
- A) A A A
- B) A Ag Ag
- C) Arandomchar Ag Ag
- D) Compiler error
Book Reference
- Thareja, R. (2014). Programming in C (2nd ed.).
- Zed, A.
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Description
This quiz evaluates students' understanding of problem-solving techniques using the C programming language. It covers fundamentals such as logic-building, algorithm design, and dynamic memory management through pointers. Students will also learn to effectively debug and develop modular programs for real-world applications.