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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between declaring a string using 'char string =
What is the main difference between declaring a string using 'char string =
What will happen if a null character is not explicitly included in a string declaration?
What will happen if a null character is not explicitly included in a string declaration?
Which of the following functions is mentioned for reading a line of text?
Which of the following functions is mentioned for reading a line of text?
What is the primary purpose of the course described?
What is the primary purpose of the course described?
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Which statement is true regarding the scanf() function?
Which statement is true regarding the scanf() function?
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Which of the following correctly represents a string in C?
Which of the following correctly represents a string in C?
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What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string?
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What is the correct way to print a string using printf() in C?
What is the correct way to print a string using printf() in C?
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What is the output when declaring char string = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' extbackslash{}0'};
What is the output when declaring char string = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' extbackslash{}0'};
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Which course outcome focuses on programming execution and debugging in C?
Which course outcome focuses on programming execution and debugging in C?
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What happens when using the puts() function?
What happens when using the puts() function?
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Which option represents a correct characteristic of strings in C programming?
Which option represents a correct characteristic of strings in C programming?
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What is the correct way to initialize a string using traditional character array syntax?
What is the correct way to initialize a string using traditional character array syntax?
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What is the maximum total marks a student can achieve in theoretical assessment?
What is the maximum total marks a student can achieve in theoretical assessment?
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What does CO5 emphasize in the course outcomes?
What does CO5 emphasize in the course outcomes?
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What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string in C?
What does the null character ('\0') signify in a string in C?
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Which of the following is NOT included in the assessment pattern for practical evaluations?
Which of the following is NOT included in the assessment pattern for practical evaluations?
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Which function is safer to use for reading strings in C?
Which function is safer to use for reading strings in C?
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In the code provided, how is the string 's2' concatenated to 's1'?
In the code provided, how is the string 's2' concatenated to 's1'?
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What is the main purpose of using 'puts' in a C program?
What is the main purpose of using 'puts' in a C program?
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Why is it important for 's1' to have a sufficient length when concatenating it with 's2'?
Why is it important for 's1' to have a sufficient length when concatenating it with 's2'?
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What type of quotes are used to enclose a string in C?
What type of quotes are used to enclose a string in C?
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What command correctly terminates a string after concatenation?
What command correctly terminates a string after concatenation?
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What is a common misconception regarding the use of 'gets' in C?
What is a common misconception regarding the use of 'gets' in C?
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What format specifier is used to print a string or character array in C's printf function?
What format specifier is used to print a string or character array in C's printf function?
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What output will this C program generate? int main() { char ary[]="Discovery Channel"; printf("%s", ary); return 0; }
What output will this C program generate? int main() { char ary[]="Discovery Channel"; printf("%s", ary); return 0; }
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What will be the output of the following C program? char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'}; printf("%s", str);
What will be the output of the following C program? char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'}; printf("%s", str);
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What is the expected output of the following C program? int main() { int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'}; printf("A%c ",str); printf("A%s ",str); printf("A%c ",str); return 0; }
What is the expected output of the following C program? int main() { int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'}; printf("A%c ",str); printf("A%s ",str); printf("A%c ",str); return 0; }
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What will the following C snippet print? char str[] = "hello"; printf("%s", str);
What will the following C snippet print? char str[] = "hello"; printf("%s", str);
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In C, which of the following is the correct way to end a string?
In C, which of the following is the correct way to end a string?
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How can a character array be initialized in C?
How can a character array be initialized in C?
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What happens if you print a character array without a null terminator?
What happens if you print a character array without a null terminator?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Problem Solving
- This course aims to teach students how to solve problems through programming.
- Students will learn to develop logic-building skills.
- The course will use the C programming language.
Course Outcomes
- CO1: Remember the concepts related to fundamentals of C language, to draw flocharts and write algorithms/pseudocode.
- CO2: Understand how to execute and debug programs in C.
- CO3: Apply various constructs, loops, and functions to solve mathematical and scientific problems.
- CO4: Analyze dynamic memory behavior through the use of pointers.
- CO5: Design and develop modular programs for real-world problems using control and selection structures.
Assessment Pattern
-
Theory:
- Continuous Internal Assessment (CAE): 40 Marks
- Semester End Examination (SEE): 60 Marks
-
Practical:
- Continuous Internal Assessment (CAE): 60 Marks
- Semester End Examination (SEE): 40 Marks
String Definition
- A string in C is an array of characters terminated with a null character (
\0). - The null character indicates the end of the string.
- Strings are enclosed in double quotes (").
- Characters are enclosed in single quotes (').
Initialization of String
- Example:
char string[] = "Hello";
Memory Representation of String
- When a string is declared, the compiler automatically allocates the memory space needed to store the null character (
\0) at the end. - Example:
-
For the string
char string[] = "Hello";, the memory space would be:-
H -
e -
l -
l -
o -
\0
-
-
String Input and Output Functions
-
scanf()Function:- Can be used to read string input from the terminal.
- Uses the
%sformat specifier. - Terminates input on encountering the first whitespace.
-
gets()Function:- Reads a line of string input from the terminal.
-
puts()Function:- Displays a string.
Examples
-
Example 1:
gets()andputs()Functions:-
#include <stdio.h> -
int main() {-
char string[100]; -
printf ("Enter your name: "); -
gets(string); -
printf ("Name: "); -
puts(string); -
return 0;
-
-
}
-
-
Example 2: Concatenating Two Strings
-
#include <stdio.h> -
int main() {-
char s1[] = "programming ", s2[] = "is awesome"; -
int length = 0, j; -
while (s1[length] != '\0'){-
++length;
-
-
} -
for (j = 0; s2[j] != '\0'; ++j, ++length) {-
s1[length] = s2[j];
-
-
} -
s1[length] = '\0'; -
printf("After concatenation: "); -
puts(s1); -
return 0;
-
-
}
-
Summary
- Strings in C are arrays of characters ending with a null character (
\0). - Use
gets()andputs()functions for input and output of strings.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Write a C program to count the number of lines, words, and characters in a given text.
- Write a C program to print all vowel and consonant characters separately.
- Write a C program to count the uppercase, lowercase, and special characters in a string.
- Write a C program to print the following pattern:
- H
- He
- Hel
- Hell
- Hello
Quiz
-
What is the format specifier used to print a string or character array in the
printforscanffunction?-
%c -
%C -
%s -
%w
-
-
What is the output of the following C program with strings?
-
int main() {-
char ary[]="Discovery Channel"; -
printf("%s",ary); -
return 0;
-
-
} - A) D
- B) Discovery Channel
- C) Discovery
- D) Compiler Error
-
-
What is the output of the following C program with strings?
-
int main() {-
char str[]={'g','l','o','b','e'}; -
printf("%s",str); -
return 0;
-
-
} - A) g
- B) globe
- C) globe\0
- D) None of the above
-
-
What is the output of the following C program?
-
int main() {-
int str[]={'g','l','o','b','y'}; -
printf("A%c ",str); -
printf("A%s ",str); -
printf("A%c ",str); -
return 0;
-
-
} - A) A A A
- B) A Ag Ag
- C) Arandomchar Ag Ag
- D) Compiler error
-
Book Reference
- Thareja, R. (2014). Programming in C (2nd ed.).
- Zed, A.
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Description
This quiz evaluates students' understanding of problem-solving techniques using the C programming language. It covers fundamentals such as logic-building, algorithm design, and dynamic memory management through pointers. Students will also learn to effectively debug and develop modular programs for real-world applications.
