Introduction to Philosophy, Quarter 2, Module 1

Introduction to Philosophy, Quarter 2, Module 1

• Actions have consequences.
• Prudence in choices is evaluated.
• Choices have consequences; some things are gained, others lost.
• Freedom of choice and consequences are demonstrated.

Lesson 1.1: What is Freedom?

• Humans act differently from animals.
• Humans have the ability to choose actions rather than reacting instinctively.
• Freedom is divided into three categories: physical, psychological, and moral.
• Physical freedom is the lack of physical constraint, allowing movement and choice of location.
• Psychological freedom is the choice to do or not do an action, based on personal judgment.
• Moral freedom involves using freedom to uphold human dignity and goodness.

Lesson 1.2: Elements of Freedom

• Voluntariness: The ability to act of one's own free will; a person can choose to act or not without coercion.
• Responsibility: Being accountable for actions and their consequences; accountability may be voluntary or imposed by others.

Module 2: Intersubjectivity

• Intersubjectivity involves recognizing others as persons.
• Interactions with others are influenced by perceptions of how they see us.
• Intersubjectivity implies mutual recognition of individuals as persons and the importance of considering diversity.
• Genuine dialogue considers acceptance of differences in others.

Lesson 2.1: What is Intersubjectivity?

• Intersubjectivity is the mutual understanding shared between individuals.
• It is about recognizing others as individuals with thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
• There is a unique relationship among individuals that promotes a deeper interaction.

Lesson 2.2: Elements of Interpersonal Relationships

• Dialogue occurs through speech, expressions, and body language.
• Through dialogue, individuals share personal experiences.
• Material objects cannot be involved in dialogue.
• Dialogue happens when people have interiority and are willing to share their inner experience with each other.
• Genuine dialogue occurs when individuals recognize and accept each other's differences and uniqueness.

Lesson 2.3: Empathy and Society

• Empathy is sharing the emotions of another individual.
• Humans actively identify with the feelings of others.
• Society is built on relationships that promote respect and appreciation for human dignity. This relationship is important for individual development.

Module 3: What Drives Human Person To Establish Society

• Society is a system of relationships among individuals.
• People form societies out of shared goals, like the desire for survival.
• Culture shapes relationships within society.

Lesson 2: Different Forms of Society

• Hunting and gathering societies are small, nomadic, and treat members equally.
• Pastoral societies raise animals as a source of food and are less nomadic than hunter-gatherer societies.
• Horticultural societies cultivate plants and often reside in one location.
• Agrarian/agricultural societies grow crops on a larger scale, leading to greater population densities and more developed social structures.
• Feudal societies are based on land ownership and class distinctions.
• Industrial societies use machinery and specialize production.
• Post-industrial societies are based on knowledge, information, and services.

Module 4: Meaningful Life

• Happiness and meaning come from permanent things like relationships and activities.
• Suffering is an experience of discomfort, pain, and negative emotions.
• There are three categories of good: noble, useful, and pleasurable
• Noble goods are things that are good in themselves, like friendship and love.
• Useful goods are things that are good as a means to an end.
• Pleasurable goods are something that provides pleasure/enjoyment.

Explore the fundamental concepts of freedom and its implications through philosophical inquiry. This module delves into the nature of human action, the ability to choose, and the moral responsibilities associated with those choices. Understand the different dimensions of freedom and how they affect personal accountability and decision-making.