Introduction to Pathology - MRS. KATHRYN SATCHELL
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Questions and Answers

What is the meaning of the word 'Pathology'?

  • Study of the structure and function of the body in health
  • Study of the structure and function of the body in disease (correct)
  • Study of physical therapy techniques
  • Study of psychology and mental health
  • What does Clinical Pathology specifically aim to do?

  • Use laboratory methods to solve clinical problems (correct)
  • Identify clinical solutions for diseases
  • Investigate the relationships between diseases and medications
  • Diagnose diseases through physical symptoms
  • Study diseases in laboratory settings
  • How would you define 'Etiology' in the context of Pathology?

  • The study of abnormalities in body tissues and organs
  • The study of the causes of diseases (correct)
  • The study of preventing diseases
  • The study of disease outcomes
  • The study of disease classifications
  • What is the primary focus of Pathology?

    <p>Investigating changes in body tissues due to disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the scientific study of abnormalities in normal anatomy and physiology due to disease?

    <p>Pathophysiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does Clinical Pathology differ from regular Pathology?

    <p>Uses laboratory methods for diagnosis purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of genetic factors influence susceptibility or resistance to disease?

    <p>Normal genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the predisposition to autoimmune disorders due to UV radiation?

    <p>HLA of fair skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agents are included in endogenous agents that can lead to diseases?

    <p>Genetic defects and endocrine disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of agents are considered exogenous agents that can cause diseases?

    <p>Viruses, bacteria, and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of many diseases that are considered probable in terms of development?

    <p>They are of unknown cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes diseases that are of unknown cause?

    <p>Idiopathic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can disease be defined?

    <p>As an abnormality or failure of the body to function properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization defined health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being?

    <p>WHO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is health more accurately viewed according to the text?

    <p>As a continuum between wellness and illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between disease and illness as explained in the text?

    <p>Disease is the cause of symptoms, while illness is the reaction of the individual to disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does health vary according to the text?

    <p>Health is a dynamic process that changes with interactions between an individual and internal/external environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is commonly confused with disease?

    <p>Illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the time between exposure to an infectious agent and the development of the disease?

    <p>Incubation period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between disease and illness?

    <p>Disease is substantiated by objective data, while illness is a person's perception and response to not being well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe something that the clinician specifically looks or feels for, like redness or swelling, when examining a patient?

    <p>Sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is illness different from disease in terms of meaning?

    <p>Illness includes personal and cultural reactions, while disease only focuses on physiological changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is applied to describe diseases characterized by multiple abnormalities forming a distinct clinical picture?

    <p>Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do lesions refer to in the context of diseases?

    <p>Lesions are characteristic changes in tissues and cells produced by disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indication that a disease is present and something of which the patient complains, for example, nausea, malaise, or pain?

    <p>Manifestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe a patient in terms of disease and illness?

    <p>A patient can have disease without any symptoms of illness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In carcinogenesis, what is the term used to describe the period that may last several decades before the disease becomes apparent?

    <p>Latent period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly differentiates between pathologic changes and lesions?

    <p>Pathologic changes refer to the examination process, while lesions are characteristic changes in tissues caused by disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are structural or functional abnormalities in affected tissues that are responsible for ill health called?

    <p>Lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets apart the study of diseases from the learning and management of illnesses according to the text?

    <p>The study of diseases deals with biologic or psychologic alterations, while the learning and management of illnesses concern sickness deviations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Pathology

    • The word 'Pathology' is derived from two Greek words: 'pathos' meaning suffering and 'logos' meaning study.
    • Pathology is the scientific study of structure and function of the body in disease.

    Origins of Pathology

    • Pathology originated from the Greek words 'pathos' and 'logos'.
    • It is the study of the abnormalities that occur in normal anatomy and physiology owing to disease.

    Clinical Pathology

    • Clinical Pathology refers to the application of pathology in solving clinical problems.
    • It involves the use of laboratory methods in clinical diagnosis.

    Definition of Pathology

    • Pathology is the branch of medicine that investigates the essential nature of disease.
    • It includes changes in body tissues and organs that cause or are caused by disease.

    Aetiology of Disease

    • Endogenous agents include genetic defects and endocrine disorders.
    • Exogenous agents include microorganisms, chemicals, and physical agents.
    • Many diseases are predictable and arise as a direct consequence of exposure to the causative agent.
    • Some diseases are idiopathic, meaning their cause is unknown.

    Disease and Health

    • Disease is the opposite of health, i.e., what is not healthy is disease.
    • Health is a condition where an individual is in complete accord with their surroundings.
    • The WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
    • Health is a dynamic process that varies with changes in interactions between an individual and their internal and external environments.

    Illness vs. Disease

    • Disease refers to a biologic or psychologic alteration that results in a malfunction of a body organ or system.
    • Illness is often defined as sickness or deviation from a healthy state.
    • Disease can occur without the person being aware of illness, and a person can feel very ill even though no obvious pathologic processes can be identified.

    Terms in Pathology

    • Patient: the person affected by disease.
    • Lesions: the characteristic changes in tissues and cells produced by disease.
    • Pathologic changes or morphology: examination of diseased tissues.

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    Introduction to Pathology PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers an introduction to pathology, including origins, terminologies, characteristic features of disease, and classifications. Topics such as clinical pathology, pathogenesis, and health promotion are also included in the quiz.

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