Introduction to Pathology

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Questions and Answers

What is the meaning of the word 'Pathology'?

Study of the structure and function of the body in health

Study of the structure and function of the body in disease (correct)

Study of physical therapy techniques

Study of psychology and mental health

What does Clinical Pathology specifically aim to do?

Use laboratory methods to solve clinical problems (correct)

Identify clinical solutions for diseases

Investigate the relationships between diseases and medications

Diagnose diseases through physical symptoms

Study diseases in laboratory settings

How would you define 'Etiology' in the context of Pathology?

The study of abnormalities in body tissues and organs

The study of the causes of diseases (correct)

The study of preventing diseases

The study of disease outcomes

The study of disease classifications

What is the primary focus of Pathology?

Investigating changes in body tissues due to disease Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the scientific study of abnormalities in normal anatomy and physiology due to disease?

Pathophysiology Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Clinical Pathology differ from regular Pathology?

Uses laboratory methods for diagnosis purposes Signup and view all the answers

What type of genetic factors influence susceptibility or resistance to disease?

Normal genes Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the predisposition to autoimmune disorders due to UV radiation?

HLA of fair skin Signup and view all the answers

What type of agents are included in endogenous agents that can lead to diseases?

Genetic defects and endocrine disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agents are considered exogenous agents that can cause diseases?

Viruses, bacteria, and fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of many diseases that are considered probable in terms of development?

They are of unknown cause Signup and view all the answers

What term describes diseases that are of unknown cause?

Idiopathic diseases Signup and view all the answers

How can disease be defined?

As an abnormality or failure of the body to function properly Signup and view all the answers

Which organization defined health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being?

WHO Signup and view all the answers

How is health more accurately viewed according to the text?

As a continuum between wellness and illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between disease and illness as explained in the text?

Disease is the cause of symptoms, while illness is the reaction of the individual to disease Signup and view all the answers

How does health vary according to the text?

Health is a dynamic process that changes with interactions between an individual and internal/external environments Signup and view all the answers

Which term is commonly confused with disease?

Illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the time between exposure to an infectious agent and the development of the disease?

Incubation period Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between disease and illness?

Disease is substantiated by objective data, while illness is a person's perception and response to not being well. Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe something that the clinician specifically looks or feels for, like redness or swelling, when examining a patient?

Sign Signup and view all the answers

How is illness different from disease in terms of meaning?

Illness includes personal and cultural reactions, while disease only focuses on physiological changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which term is applied to describe diseases characterized by multiple abnormalities forming a distinct clinical picture?

Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What do lesions refer to in the context of diseases?

Lesions are characteristic changes in tissues and cells produced by disease. Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication that a disease is present and something of which the patient complains, for example, nausea, malaise, or pain?

Manifestation Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe a patient in terms of disease and illness?

A patient can have disease without any symptoms of illness. Signup and view all the answers

In carcinogenesis, what is the term used to describe the period that may last several decades before the disease becomes apparent?

Latent period Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly differentiates between pathologic changes and lesions?

Pathologic changes refer to the examination process, while lesions are characteristic changes in tissues caused by disease. Signup and view all the answers

What are structural or functional abnormalities in affected tissues that are responsible for ill health called?

Lesions Signup and view all the answers

What sets apart the study of diseases from the learning and management of illnesses according to the text?

The study of diseases deals with biologic or psychologic alterations, while the learning and management of illnesses concern sickness deviations. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The word 'Pathology' is derived from two Greek words: 'pathos' meaning suffering and 'logos' meaning study.
Pathology is the scientific study of structure and function of the body in disease.

Origins of Pathology

Pathology originated from the Greek words 'pathos' and 'logos'.
It is the study of the abnormalities that occur in normal anatomy and physiology owing to disease.

Clinical Pathology

Clinical Pathology refers to the application of pathology in solving clinical problems.
It involves the use of laboratory methods in clinical diagnosis.

Definition of Pathology

Pathology is the branch of medicine that investigates the essential nature of disease.
It includes changes in body tissues and organs that cause or are caused by disease.

Aetiology of Disease

Endogenous agents include genetic defects and endocrine disorders.
Exogenous agents include microorganisms, chemicals, and physical agents.
Many diseases are predictable and arise as a direct consequence of exposure to the causative agent.
Some diseases are idiopathic, meaning their cause is unknown.

Disease and Health

Disease is the opposite of health, i.e., what is not healthy is disease.
Health is a condition where an individual is in complete accord with their surroundings.
The WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
Health is a dynamic process that varies with changes in interactions between an individual and their internal and external environments.

Illness vs. Disease

Disease refers to a biologic or psychologic alteration that results in a malfunction of a body organ or system.
Illness is often defined as sickness or deviation from a healthy state.
Disease can occur without the person being aware of illness, and a person can feel very ill even though no obvious pathologic processes can be identified.

Terms in Pathology

Patient: the person affected by disease.
Lesions: the characteristic changes in tissues and cells produced by disease.
Pathologic changes or morphology: examination of diseased tissues.

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Description

This quiz covers an introduction to pathology, including origins, terminologies, characteristic features of disease, and classifications. Topics such as clinical pathology, pathogenesis, and health promotion are also included in the quiz.

Introduction to Pathology - MRS. KATHRYN SATCHELL