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Questions and Answers
What was the first commercial web browser released?
Which web browser is known for being bundled with Windows 95?
In what year was Netscape Navigator first released?
What phase of the Garner Hype Cycle involves early proof-of-concept stories and significant publicity?
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When did Microsoft Internet Explorer have its initial release?
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Which stage of the Garner Hype Cycle follows the Peak of Inflated Expectations?
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Which web browser was released after Netscape Navigator and helped diminish its popularity?
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What is the main characteristic of the Plateau of Productivity in the Garner Hype Cycle?
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What is the primary function of an HTML Element?
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Which version of HTML was released in October 2014?
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What distinguishes a self-closing tag in HTML?
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What is contained within the head section of an HTML document?
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Which HTML version was primarily focused on improving metadata and APIs?
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What indicates which version of HTML a document conforms to?
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What is the role of attributes in an HTML element?
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Which of the following versions of HTML includes the use of forms?
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What does HTML stand for?
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Which version of HTML was released in 1995?
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What does the 'src' attribute in an HTML tag define?
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Who developed HTML?
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Which of the following is NOT a feature of HTML?
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What was the main motivation for creating the World Wide Web?
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Which of the following statements about browsers is correct?
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What components make up an HTML element?
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What type of content can HTML describe?
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Which browser was the first graphical web browser?
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Which attribute is used to assign a unique name to an HTML element?
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What happens to comments in HTML regarding nesting?
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What tool is commonly used for validating HTML code quality?
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In what year was HTML5 released?
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Which of the following is considered a deprecated HTML element?
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Which attribute provides a short description of the body of an HTML element?
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In HTML, which event attribute is used to trigger a function on a mouse click?
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What is the purpose of the 'lang' attribute in HTML?
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Study Notes
Introduction to HTML
- HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is used to define and process website content.
- HTML is a tag-based language that has evolved from its creation by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991.
- HTML is supported by most web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, and many others.
- The first web page was displayed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN.
- The original web site of the "WWW Project" is accessible at CERN: http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.
- HTML was initially created at CERN to share research more efficiently than journal publications.
- HTML allows users to define text formatting, image display, graphic pointers, file linkages with digital media, and forms for capturing information from users.
HTML Elements, Tags, and Attributes
- An HTML file is made up of Elements, Tags, and Attributes.
- An HTML Element is the fundamental node that adds meaning to a webpage. Elements can either be self-closing (without content) or have start and end tags (with content).
- HTML Tags are the element names surrounded by angle brackets. The end tag is signified by a slash after the opening bracket (mandatory in HTML5).
- HTML Attributes are properties defined inside the start tag, which regulate element behavior, properties, or provide metadata.
HTML Versions
- HTML has gone through various versions, including HTML, HTML 2.0, HTML 3.2, HTML 4.01, and HTML5.
- HTML5 is the latest version and was released as a recommendation in 2014.
- The latest HTML specifications are available at:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/
- https://html.spec.whatwg.org
- The W3C and WHATWG are now collaboratively working on HTML specifications, with the W3C no longer publishing separate specifications.
General HTML Structure
- HTML documents are organized with a head and a body.
- The head section contains the title and other metadata, while the body section contains the page content such as paragraphs.
- HTML documents should begin with a line specifying the HTML version for conformance.
Web Browsers
- Browsers are tolerant of HTML errors and can ignore markup they don't understand.
- Popular browsers, like Edge, Safari, Firefox, and Chrome, do not strictly require the HTML document to have and tags.
- However, it is recommended to use these tags, and there's no assurance that all future browsers will maintain this relaxed behavior.
Browser Tolerance Examples
- Browsers can parse and display HTML code even when it's incorrectly formatted or missing tags.
- Text placed between <HEAD> tags is typically not displayed.
HTML Elements and Comments
- Each HTML element consists of a start tag, content (optional), and an end tag (optional).
- HTML comments can be used to provide explanations or temporarily remove code.
- Comments cannot be nested, and whitespace is only permitted between the
--
and the closing angle bracket of a comment. - Comments are not displayed in the final web page.
HTML Attributes
- The BODY tag has various attributes, including:
- id: assigns a unique name to the element.
- class: assigns one or more names to the element.
- lang: specifies the language code of the natural language being used.
- title: provides a brief description of the body content.
- style: defines inline display information.
- bgcolor: sets the background color.
- The BODY tag also includes several event attributes like:
- onload, onunload, onclick, ondblclick, onmousedown, onmouseup, onmouseover, onmousemove, onmouseout, onkeypress, onkeydown, onkeyup.
- Deprecated attributes for the body tag include:
- background, text, link, vlink, alink.
Using Style Sheets
- Style sheets are used to define the visual appearance of web pages and are a preferred method over using inline styles.
- Inline styles are defined within the HTML element using the "style" attribute.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of HTML, the Hypertext Markup Language essential for web development. Explore its history, structure, and the key components including elements, tags, and attributes that shape web pages. Test your knowledge on how HTML enables content to be organized and displayed online.