Which of These is True About Markup Languages Quiz and Flashcards

30 Questions

What is the primary purpose of a markup language?

To annotate text documents

Which markup language emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages?

SGML

When was HTML introduced as a markup language for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web?

1990s

Which markup language provided tags for structuring and formatting web pages?

HTML

What was the initial basis of HTML when it was introduced?

SGML

What makes markup languages versatile tools for representing and sharing information across different platforms?

Both human and machine readability

What does HTML stand for?

Hypertext Markup Language

Where are attributes included in HTML?

Within the opening tag

What is an element in HTML?

Each tag's name

What file extension is commonly used for saving HTML files?

.html

Where is the page title placed in an HTML document?

Within the head of the page

What is the main purpose of HTML?

Describing the content and structure of information on a web page

What is the correct way to include a lengthy quotation in HTML?

Using block quotations

In the context of HTML, why is it recommended to avoid using double quotation marks for text?

To adhere to web standards and avoid syntax errors

When displaying a large section of computer code in HTML, what tags should be used to preserve whitespace?

 tags

Which HTML element should be used to represent a computer code snippet?

Why should web developers use XHTML and adhere to web standards?

To ensure cross-browser compatibility

In HTML, how should lists be formatted using the ul and ol tags?

As unordered and ordered lists respectively

What was the main goal of developing HTML5?

To reduce the need for plugins in displaying multimedia content

What organizations were involved in the development of HTML5?

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG)

Which version of HTML does HTML5 succeed?

HTML 4.01

What is a key improvement introduced by HTML5 in terms of multimedia content?

Direct embedding of audio and video without third-party plugins

What balance does HTML5 strike between HTML4 and XHTML according to the text?

Balance between looseness of HTML4 and strictness of XHTML

Which type of content can be directly embedded into web pages in HTML5?

Audio and video

Which HTML5 element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript?

canvas

What does XML stand for?

eXtensible Markup Language

How does HTML5 support scalable vector graphics?

Via the canvas element

In XML, what does W3C stand for?

World Wide Web Consortium

Which of the following is NOT a new form input type introduced by HTML5?

text

What is the main difference between XML and HTML, according to the text?

XML is designed for carrying data while HTML focuses on styling.

Study Notes

Markup Languages

A markup language is a system for annotating text documents, using tags or codes to specify structure and formatting.
Examples of markup languages include HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for web pages, and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) for data representation.

Evolution of Markup Languages

SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) was introduced in the early 1990s for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web, initially based on SGML.
HTML provided tags for structuring and formatting web pages, allowing linking between documents using hyperlinks.

HTML Features

HTML allows for inline quotations using " instead of literal quotation marks.
The ul and ol tags create lists.
Preformatted text is displayed with exactly the whitespace/line breaks given in the text, and is shown in a fixed-width font by default.
The code tag is used for short sections of computer code.

Web Standards: XHTML

XHTML is a more rigid and structured language, making it more interoperable across different web browsers.
XHTML is more likely to display correctly in the future and can be interchanged with other XML data.

HTML5

HTML5 is the fifth major revision of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
It was developed by the W3C and WHATWG to support latest multimedia, graphics, and interactive capabilities while maintaining compatibility with older web technologies.
HTML5 is a balance between the looseness of HTML4 and the strictness of XHTML.

New Features in HTML5

New semantic elements: header, nav, main, section, article, aside, footer, etc.
Audio and Video Support: built-in support for embedding audio and video content directly into web pages.
Canvas and SVG: the canvas element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript, and HTML5 supports Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG).
Form Enhancements: new input types and attributes for web forms, including date, time, email, url, number, range, and more.

XML

XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language, a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents.
XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting data.
XML is designed to be self-descriptive and a W3C Recommendation.

Difference Between XML and HTML

XML was designed to carry data, whereas HTML was designed to display data.
XML is used for storing and transporting data, while HTML is used for structuring and formatting web pages.

Learn about markup languages such as HTML and XML, and how they are used to annotate text documents with tags to specify structure and formatting. Explore examples and purposes of markup languages in software applications like web browsers.

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Markup Languages: HTML & XML