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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a markup language?
What is the primary purpose of a markup language?
Which markup language emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages?
Which markup language emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages?
When was HTML introduced as a markup language for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web?
When was HTML introduced as a markup language for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web?
Which markup language provided tags for structuring and formatting web pages?
Which markup language provided tags for structuring and formatting web pages?
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What was the initial basis of HTML when it was introduced?
What was the initial basis of HTML when it was introduced?
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What makes markup languages versatile tools for representing and sharing information across different platforms?
What makes markup languages versatile tools for representing and sharing information across different platforms?
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What does HTML stand for?
What does HTML stand for?
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Where are attributes included in HTML?
Where are attributes included in HTML?
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What is an element in HTML?
What is an element in HTML?
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What file extension is commonly used for saving HTML files?
What file extension is commonly used for saving HTML files?
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Where is the page title placed in an HTML document?
Where is the page title placed in an HTML document?
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What is the main purpose of HTML?
What is the main purpose of HTML?
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What is the correct way to include a lengthy quotation in HTML?
What is the correct way to include a lengthy quotation in HTML?
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In the context of HTML, why is it recommended to avoid using double quotation marks for text?
In the context of HTML, why is it recommended to avoid using double quotation marks for text?
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When displaying a large section of computer code in HTML, what tags should be used to preserve whitespace?
When displaying a large section of computer code in HTML, what tags should be used to preserve whitespace?
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Which HTML element should be used to represent a computer code snippet?
Which HTML element should be used to represent a computer code snippet?
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Why should web developers use XHTML and adhere to web standards?
Why should web developers use XHTML and adhere to web standards?
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In HTML, how should lists be formatted using the ul and ol tags?
In HTML, how should lists be formatted using the ul and ol tags?
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What was the main goal of developing HTML5?
What was the main goal of developing HTML5?
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What organizations were involved in the development of HTML5?
What organizations were involved in the development of HTML5?
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Which version of HTML does HTML5 succeed?
Which version of HTML does HTML5 succeed?
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What is a key improvement introduced by HTML5 in terms of multimedia content?
What is a key improvement introduced by HTML5 in terms of multimedia content?
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What balance does HTML5 strike between HTML4 and XHTML according to the text?
What balance does HTML5 strike between HTML4 and XHTML according to the text?
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Which type of content can be directly embedded into web pages in HTML5?
Which type of content can be directly embedded into web pages in HTML5?
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Which HTML5 element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript?
Which HTML5 element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript?
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What does XML stand for?
What does XML stand for?
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How does HTML5 support scalable vector graphics?
How does HTML5 support scalable vector graphics?
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In XML, what does W3C stand for?
In XML, what does W3C stand for?
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Which of the following is NOT a new form input type introduced by HTML5?
Which of the following is NOT a new form input type introduced by HTML5?
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What is the main difference between XML and HTML, according to the text?
What is the main difference between XML and HTML, according to the text?
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Study Notes
Markup Languages
- A markup language is a system for annotating text documents, using tags or codes to specify structure and formatting.
- Examples of markup languages include HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for web pages, and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) for data representation.
Evolution of Markup Languages
- SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages.
- HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) was introduced in the early 1990s for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web, initially based on SGML.
- HTML provided tags for structuring and formatting web pages, allowing linking between documents using hyperlinks.
HTML Features
- HTML allows for inline quotations using
"instead of literal quotation marks. - The
ulandoltags create lists. - Preformatted text is displayed with exactly the whitespace/line breaks given in the text, and is shown in a fixed-width font by default.
- The
codetag is used for short sections of computer code.
Web Standards: XHTML
- XHTML is a more rigid and structured language, making it more interoperable across different web browsers.
- XHTML is more likely to display correctly in the future and can be interchanged with other XML data.
HTML5
- HTML5 is the fifth major revision of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
- It was developed by the W3C and WHATWG to support latest multimedia, graphics, and interactive capabilities while maintaining compatibility with older web technologies.
- HTML5 is a balance between the looseness of HTML4 and the strictness of XHTML.
New Features in HTML5
- New semantic elements:
header,nav,main,section,article,aside,footer, etc. - Audio and Video Support: built-in support for embedding audio and video content directly into web pages.
- Canvas and SVG: the
canvaselement provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript, and HTML5 supports Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). - Form Enhancements: new input types and attributes for web forms, including date, time, email, url, number, range, and more.
XML
- XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language, a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents.
- XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting data.
- XML is designed to be self-descriptive and a W3C Recommendation.
Difference Between XML and HTML
- XML was designed to carry data, whereas HTML was designed to display data.
- XML is used for storing and transporting data, while HTML is used for structuring and formatting web pages.
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Description
Learn about markup languages such as HTML and XML, and how they are used to annotate text documents with tags to specify structure and formatting. Explore examples and purposes of markup languages in software applications like web browsers.
