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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a markup language?
What is the primary purpose of a markup language?
Which markup language served as the foundation for many subsequent markup languages?
Which markup language served as the foundation for many subsequent markup languages?
When was HTML introduced as a markup language?
When was HTML introduced as a markup language?
What does XML stand for?
What does XML stand for?
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Which markup language was initially based on SGML?
Which markup language was initially based on SGML?
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What did SGML provide a way to define?
What did SGML provide a way to define?
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What is one key difference between XML and HTML?
What is one key difference between XML and HTML?
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What was the primary aim of introducing XHTML?
What was the primary aim of introducing XHTML?
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What is the role of attributes in tags?
What is the role of attributes in tags?
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Which of the following statements about XHTML is correct?
Which of the following statements about XHTML is correct?
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What is the main purpose of tags in markup languages?
What is the main purpose of tags in markup languages?
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Why was XML designed to be extensible and customizable?
Why was XML designed to be extensible and customizable?
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What surrounds text content in HTML?
What surrounds text content in HTML?
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Where is the HTML page title placed?
Where is the HTML page title placed?
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What does the header of an HTML page describe?
What does the header of an HTML page describe?
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Which extension is commonly used to save HTML files?
Which extension is commonly used to save HTML files?
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What is HTML primarily focused on describing?
What is HTML primarily focused on describing?
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What is another term for each tag's name in HTML?
What is another term for each tag's name in HTML?
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In HTML, which attribute specifies the source of an image?
In HTML, which attribute specifies the source of an image?
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How should the
tag be closed in HTML?
How should the
tag be closed in HTML?
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Which book is referenced in the text with the example 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Book'?
Which book is referenced in the text with the example 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Book'?
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What does the tag represent in HTML?
What does the tag represent in HTML?
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What additional information can some HTML tags contain, as mentioned in the text?
What additional information can some HTML tags contain, as mentioned in the text?
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Where should the 'alt' attribute be used in XHTML related to images?
Where should the 'alt' attribute be used in XHTML related to images?
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Which HTML5 element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript?
Which HTML5 element provides a powerful way to draw graphics, animations, and interactive visualizations using JavaScript?
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What does XML stand for?
What does XML stand for?
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In the context of XML and HTML, what was XML primarily designed for?
In the context of XML and HTML, what was XML primarily designed for?
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What feature of HTML5 allows developers to create vector-based graphics directly within web pages?
What feature of HTML5 allows developers to create vector-based graphics directly within web pages?
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Which HTML5 form enhancement provides autocomplete suggestions and displays calculation results?
Which HTML5 form enhancement provides autocomplete suggestions and displays calculation results?
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What key characteristic differentiates XML from HTML?
What key characteristic differentiates XML from HTML?
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Study Notes
Markup Languages
- A markup language is a system for annotating text documents, using tags or codes to specify structure and formatting.
- Examples of markup languages include HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for web pages and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) for data representation.
Evolution of Markup Languages
- SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) emerged in the 1960s and 1970s as a standard for defining markup languages.
- HTML was introduced in the early 1990s as a markup language for creating hypertext documents on the World Wide Web.
- XML emerged in the late 1990s as a more flexible and customizable markup language than HTML.
- XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language) was introduced in the early 2000s, combining the syntax and features of HTML with the strictness and extensibility of XML.
Tags
- A tag is a specific element used to define the structure, formatting, or behavior of content within a document.
- Tags are enclosed within angle brackets ("").
- Tags can be either paired (opening and closing tags) or self-closing.
- Tags may include attributes, which provide additional information about the element being defined.
HTML
- HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) describes the content and structure of information on a web page.
- HTML is not the same as the presentation (appearance on screen).
- HTML surrounds text content with opening and closing tags, each with a name called an element.
- Basic structure: tags that enclose content, i.e., elements.
- HTML is saved with a .html extension.
Structure of an HTML Page
- The basic structure of an HTML page includes:
- Header that describes the page
- Body that contains the page's contents
- The title of the page is placed within the head of the page and displayed in the web browser's title bar and when bookmarking the page.
HTML Elements
- Headings: , , etc.
- Paragraphs:
- Horizontal rule:
- Image: (with src attribute specifying the source URL and alt attribute describing the image)
Attributes
- Some tags can contain additional information called attributes: syntax: content
- Example: Next page
Self-Closing Tags
- Some tags don't contain content and can be opened and closed in one tag: syntax:
- Example:
XML
- XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language.
- XML is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.
- XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing, transporting, and exchanging structured data.
Introduction to XML
- XML was designed to be a versatile and platform-independent way to store, transport, and exchange structured data.
- XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for storing and transporting data.
Difference Between XML and HTML
- XML and HTML were designed with different goals: XML was designed to carry data, while HTML was designed to display data.
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Description
Test your knowledge on markup languages such as HTML and XML, used for annotating text documents to specify structure and formatting. Learn about tags, codes, and rendering instructions for web browsers.
