Introduction to Emotions and Cognition

These theories emphasize that emotions are influenced by our thoughts, beliefs, and interpretations of situations.

This theory states that emotions arise from physiological reactions to events. We feel sad because we cry, not the other way around.

This refers to bodily changes like increased heart rate, sweating, or trembling that occur in response to a stimulus.

This theory proposes that emotions and physiological responses happen simultaneously and independently.

This theory argues that emotions are determined by how we appraise or evaluate a situation.

This is the process of evaluating a situation to determine its relevance to our goals and well-being.

This is the assessment of our ability to cope with a situation, considering our resources, past experiences, and coping strategies.

This theory suggests that emotions are a result of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal.

This happens when we incorrectly identify the source of our physiological arousal, leading to mislabeling of emotions.

Any event or situation that triggers an emotional response.

The ability to understand, manage, and express one's own emotions, and to recognize and respond to the emotions of others.

A therapeutic approach that focuses on changing negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to emotional distress.

A therapeutic approach that focuses on finding solutions and strengths instead of focusing on problems.

A therapeutic technique that asks clients to imagine their problems have been solved, then explore what would be different.

A therapeutic technique where clients rate their progress or feelings on a scale.

A therapeutic technique that separates the client's identity from their problems.

This focuses on finding and building upon a client's strengths and skills.

These are times when a problem is less severe or not present, and can be used to identify solutions.

Using language that is hopeful and optimistic, focusing on solutions and goals.

Encouraging clients to take ownership of their change and actively participate in their journey.

The ongoing interaction and collaboration between the therapist and client, fostering growth.

An approach to therapy that considers the client's interactions with their environment, including family and social relationships.

A therapeutic approach that helps clients identify and make changes in their own lives.

This refers to the process of forming one's identity, shaped by experiences, beliefs, and relationships.

A type of therapy that helps individuals understand their stories and create new narratives about themselves.

The power of language and its role in shaping our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

The challenge of being objective, since our experiences shape our perspective, making complete neutrality unattainable.

Focusing on the process of conversation as the primary tool for change in therapy.

The therapist's role of facilitator, not an expert, supporting the client's discovery.

The potential for setbacks in the therapeutic process and strategies to deal with them.