Introduction to Economics

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'economics' originally refer to?

  • Household management (correct)
  • Production of goods for trade
  • Management of wealth in a society
  • Distribution of resources among individuals

How did Adam Smith define economics?

  • As the science of wealth (correct)
  • As the study of human welfare
  • As the analysis of market structures
  • As the management of scarce resources

Which of the following definitions of economics focuses on improving human well-being?

  • Wealth Definition
  • Growth Definition
  • Welfare Definition (correct)
  • Scarcity Definition

What essential aspect of economics relates to the management of resources that are limited?

<p>Scarcity Definition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Growth Definition of economics imply?

<p>It examines economic development over time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary function of political theorists?

<p>To critically analyze and suggest alternatives to societal problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does political theory primarily focus on when studying political phenomena?

<p>The context and nature of governmental institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does political theory aid in understanding political events?

<p>By explaining the underlying reasons and consequences of events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historical significance does the term 'theory' hold in the context of political theory?

<p>It is derived from a Greek term associated with observation and contemplation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of studying political theory?

<p>Understanding the interplay between social realms and political realities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Economics definition - Wealth

Economics, from Adam Smith's perspective, is the study of creating and using resources to meet human needs.

Economics definition - Welfare

Economics, according to Alfred Marshall, studies how people earn and use resources to improve their well-being.

Economics Definition-Scarcity

Economics studies how to allocate limited resources to satisfy unlimited human wants.

Economics Definition-Growth

Economics is also about how societies improve their quality of life over time.

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Origin of Economics

Economics originates from the Greek words 'oikos'—meaning household—and 'nomos'—meaning management.

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Political Theory

The study of political phenomena, including the reasons behind government institutions and the overall political system. It explains, evaluates, and predicts political events, helping us understand the 'why' behind politics.

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Theoria

The Greek word that gave rise to the term 'theory,' signifying a process of understanding and explaining political phenomena, including its origins and interpretations.

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Political Theorists' Role

Political theorists identify societal issues, devise solutions with potential consequences, provide foundational knowledge, and analyze political happenings.

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Importance of Political Theory

Political theory promotes understanding, helps us analyze events, identify problems, and contribute to human development.

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Context of Political Theory

Political theory considers the social and historical context of political systems, showing how they interact and influence each other.

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Study Notes

What is Economics?

  • Economics is derived from two Greek words: 'Oikos' (household) and 'nomus' (management).
  • Initially, economics focused on household management and the principles of managing limited income.
  • Later, economics evolved to study the wealth of a country and the laws that govern it ('Arthashastra').
  • Economics examines how a king manages the economy and collects/spends taxes to keep the people happy.
  • The term "economics" was first used in 1890 by Dr. Marshall in his book "Principles of Economics".

Different Definitions of Economics

  • Wealth definition: Adam Smith defined economics as the study of wealth, particularly focusing on the wealth of nations (1776). Wealth, in this context, refers to goods that satisfy human wants, not just money.
  • Welfare definition: Alfred Marshall viewed economics as studying human activities related to wealth-getting and wealth-using. It focuses on human well-being, encompassing both material welfare and other aspects of human welfare.
  • Scarcity definition: Economics is concerned with the allocation of scarce resources to satisfy unlimited human wants.
  • Growth definition: Economics emphasizes the growth of a nation's economy, increasing the overall wealth and well-being of its citizens.

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