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Questions and Answers
Simplex communication is also known as ______ communication.
Simplex communication is also known as ______ communication.
one-way
In half-duplex communication, devices can send and receive data, but not at the ______ time.
In half-duplex communication, devices can send and receive data, but not at the ______ time.
same
Full-duplex communication allows both devices to send and receive data at the ______ time.
Full-duplex communication allows both devices to send and receive data at the ______ time.
same
A network is a set of devices, often referred to as ______, connected by communication links.
A network is a set of devices, often referred to as ______, connected by communication links.
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A ______ can be a cable, air, optical fiber, or any medium which can transport a signal.
A ______ can be a cable, air, optical fiber, or any medium which can transport a signal.
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Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) are two broad categories of ______ networks.
Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) are two broad categories of ______ networks.
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Devices that can send and/or receive data generated by other nodes are considered ______.
Devices that can send and/or receive data generated by other nodes are considered ______.
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The growth of number and power of computers is driving the need for their ______.
The growth of number and power of computers is driving the need for their ______.
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Data communications deals with the transmission of signals in a reliable and efficient manner, focusing on the transmission of ______.
Data communications deals with the transmission of signals in a reliable and efficient manner, focusing on the transmission of ______.
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The fundamental purpose of a communications system is the exchange of ______ between two parties.
The fundamental purpose of a communications system is the exchange of ______ between two parties.
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The ______ converts data into transmittable signals.
The ______ converts data into transmittable signals.
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Loss of power in a signal as it travels from the sending device to the receiving device is known as ______.
Loss of power in a signal as it travels from the sending device to the receiving device is known as ______.
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Bandwidth refers to the amount of ______ that can be transferred from one point to another in a certain time period.
Bandwidth refers to the amount of ______ that can be transferred from one point to another in a certain time period.
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Protocols are sets of ______ that govern data communication.
Protocols are sets of ______ that govern data communication.
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A ______ can transmit a maximum of 56,000 bps, limiting the amount of information transferred.
A ______ can transmit a maximum of 56,000 bps, limiting the amount of information transferred.
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The ______ takes incoming data after it has been transmitted.
The ______ takes incoming data after it has been transmitted.
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The basic building block of any communications facility is the ______ line.
The basic building block of any communications facility is the ______ line.
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For long-distance communications, the choice of media is generally made by the long-distance ______.
For long-distance communications, the choice of media is generally made by the long-distance ______.
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The ever-increasing capacity of ______ optic channels is making channel capacity a virtually free resource.
The ever-increasing capacity of ______ optic channels is making channel capacity a virtually free resource.
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Despite the growth in the capacity, transmission services remain the most costly component of a communications ______ for most businesses.
Despite the growth in the capacity, transmission services remain the most costly component of a communications ______ for most businesses.
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Point-to-Point protocol (PPP) defines how two devices will ______ each other.
Point-to-Point protocol (PPP) defines how two devices will ______ each other.
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In a ______ connection, there is a single transmitter and receiver.
In a ______ connection, there is a single transmitter and receiver.
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The type of transmission can be categorized as unicast, ______, or broadcast.
The type of transmission can be categorized as unicast, ______, or broadcast.
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The growing use of ______ transmission is a result of the trend toward universal personal telecommunications.
The growing use of ______ transmission is a result of the trend toward universal personal telecommunications.
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The protocol maintains data integrity ensuring that the packets arrive in ______.
The protocol maintains data integrity ensuring that the packets arrive in ______.
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In a Bus topology, one long cable acts as a single communication ______.
In a Bus topology, one long cable acts as a single communication ______.
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The cable used in bus topology is RJ-45 cable or ______ cable.
The cable used in bus topology is RJ-45 cable or ______ cable.
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In Star topology, sharing data is only possible through a ______.
In Star topology, sharing data is only possible through a ______.
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In Ring topology, each node is strongly connected with its adjacent ______.
In Ring topology, each node is strongly connected with its adjacent ______.
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If the ______ fails in Star topology, the entire network will be affected.
If the ______ fails in Star topology, the entire network will be affected.
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Mesh topology provides a point to point connection by ensuring every node is directly connected to ______.
Mesh topology provides a point to point connection by ensuring every node is directly connected to ______.
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One of the disadvantages of Ring topology is a single point of ______.
One of the disadvantages of Ring topology is a single point of ______.
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In Star topology, all computer systems are connected with a central device called ______.
In Star topology, all computer systems are connected with a central device called ______.
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One disadvantage of Mesh topology is that it is very difficult to add new ______.
One disadvantage of Mesh topology is that it is very difficult to add new ______.
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Hybrid topology is a combination of various different topologies such as Bus, Star, and ______.
Hybrid topology is a combination of various different topologies such as Bus, Star, and ______.
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Star topology is less expensive due to less ______.
Star topology is less expensive due to less ______.
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In a Bus topology, it takes more time to pass messages from one ______ to another.
In a Bus topology, it takes more time to pass messages from one ______ to another.
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Tree topology is a combination of Bus and ______ topology.
Tree topology is a combination of Bus and ______ topology.
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A major disadvantage of Tree topology is its ______, which can be quite complex.
A major disadvantage of Tree topology is its ______, which can be quite complex.
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In Tree topology, if the first level of a ______ fails, subsequent levels are affected too.
In Tree topology, if the first level of a ______ fails, subsequent levels are affected too.
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The _____ develops standards and submits to ANSI for approval.
The _____ develops standards and submits to ANSI for approval.
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The Internet evolved from _____, the first operational packet network.
The Internet evolved from _____, the first operational packet network.
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The _____ coordinates and develops standards for US telephone service.
The _____ coordinates and develops standards for US telephone service.
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The _____ develops and coordinates standards such as HTTP, HTML, and XML.
The _____ develops and coordinates standards such as HTTP, HTML, and XML.
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One major global trend in networking is known as Bring Your Own _____ (BYOD).
One major global trend in networking is known as Bring Your Own _____ (BYOD).
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Cloud computing offers benefits such as organizational _____ and agility.
Cloud computing offers benefits such as organizational _____ and agility.
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The classic Internet applications from the 1980s include electronic mail and _____ transfer.
The classic Internet applications from the 1980s include electronic mail and _____ transfer.
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Networking supports the way we _____ in our daily lives.
Networking supports the way we _____ in our daily lives.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Data Communications
- Data communication is the exchange of data between two or more devices.
- Data can include text, images, audio, video, and multimedia files.
- Devices must be capable of sending and receiving data over a communication medium.
- Examples of devices include personal computers, mobile phones, laptops, etc.
Data Representation
- Text: ASCII (7-bit pattern, 128 symbols), Extended ASCII (8-bit, more symbols), Unicode (32-bit, numerous symbols).
- Numbers: Represented by bit patterns (binary).
- Images: Represented by pixels (picture elements). Pixel size determines resolution.
- Audio: Represented by a continuous (analog) signal.
- Video: Can be either analog or digital.
Data Flow
- Simplex: One-way communication (e.g. television broadcasting).
- Half-duplex: Two-way communication, but not simultaneous (e.g. walkie-talkie).
- Full-duplex: Two-way communication, simultaneous (e.g. telephone calls).
Networks
- Networks are sets of devices (nodes) connected by communication links.
- Nodes can be computers, printers, or other devices.
- Links can be cables, air, optical fiber, or other mediums.
- Two broad categories of networks: LANs (Local Area Networks) and WANs (Wide Area Networks).
Communication Media
- Selection is a basic business decision for internal versus long-distance communication links.
- Rapid advances in technology change the mix of technologies used.
- Fiber optic and wireless technologies are gaining popularity.
- Transmission costs still influence the choices made.
Physical Structure
- Type of Connection: Point-to-point (single transmitter/receiver) or multipoint (multiple recipients).
- Physical Topology: Arrangement of devices in a network (e.g. star, bus, ring, mesh, hybrid).
Switching Techniques
- Circuit Switching: Establishes a dedicated communication path for the duration of conversation.
- Packet Switching: Data is divided into small chunks (packets) and sent across the network with no dedicated path.
Protocols
- Protocols are rules used for communication between active network elements.
- Protocols define communication formats, timing, and actions on message receipt.
Standard Bodies
- Organizations that establish and promote standards in data communication.
- Examples include ISO, ITU, ANSI, IEEE, Telcordia, ETSI, IAB, IETF, IRTF, OMG, WWW consortium.
The Internet
- The internet evolved from ARPANET, a first operational packet network.
- It was adapted for tactical radio, satellite nets and needed interoperability, leading to standardized TCP/IP.
Networking Today
- Networking impacts daily lives in learning, communication, work, and play.
- The internet of things (IoT) significantly influences how we use the internet today.
Collaboration
- Collaboration is facilitated by the ability to communicate across different devices.
- Trends in online collaboration support a range of devices.
- The rise of ByOD further supports devices used in the process of collaboration.
Network Trends
- Cloud computing is a trend.
- Cloud computing offers agility, rapid deployment, lower infrastructure costs, and creation of new business models.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of data communications, including the definition, types of data, and examples of devices involved. It also explores data representation methods for text, numbers, images, audio, and video, as well as data flow types like simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex communications.
