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Introduction to Computers
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Introduction to Computers

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the Control Unit in the CPU?

  • To manage communication between the CPU and secondary memory.
  • To perform calculations in the Arithmetic Logic Unit.
  • To store data processed by the Arithmetic Logic Unit.
  • To receive inputs from the Input Unit and send them to Memory. (correct)

    • How many bits constitute one byte?

  • 6 bits
  • 8 bits (correct)
  • 4 bits
  • 16 bits

    • Which of the following is true about Secondary Memory?

  • It is part of the CPU.
  • It is used for temporary storage of data.
  • It is depicted outside the CPU boundary in diagrams. (correct)
  • It operates faster than Primary Memory.

    • What is the equivalent denary value of 1 Terabyte (1 TB)?

    <p>1 000 000 000 000 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following defines a Kilo Byte (KB) in denary values?

    <p>1 000 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative term used for 1 Gibi Byte in binary measurements?

    <p>1 GiB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit follows Mega Byte (MB) in the series of bigger memory units?

    <p>Tera Byte (TB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest unit of memory in a computer system?

    <p>Bit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the CPU is responsible for controlling the execution of programs?

    <p>Control Unit (CU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)?

    <p>Perform arithmetic and logical operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about Random Access Memory (RAM)?

    <p>RAM is volatile memory and loses its contents when power is off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Read-Only Memory (ROM) from Random Access Memory (RAM)?

    <p>ROM retains data when powered off while RAM does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the CPU coordinates the routing of information between the Memory Unit and the ALU?

    <p>Control Unit (CU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of memory is referred to as 'firmware'?

    <p>Read-Only Memory (ROM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the input unit in a computer system?

    <p>To provide a means of communication between the computer and the outside world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tasks is NOT performed by the Control Unit (CU)?

    <p>Performing mathematical calculations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines a computer system?

    <p>A combination of hardware, software, information, and procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the data in RAM after the power is switched off?

    <p>Data is erased and cannot be recovered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the CPU in a computer system?

    <p>To control all the functions and processing actions of the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the main blocks of a computer?

    <p>Memory Unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the output unit in a computer system?

    <p>To show processed results to the user</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is considered the hardware of a computer?

    <p>The physical components such as the keyboard and monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of a computer after processing data?

    <p>Machine codes that need conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the collection of facts and figures that a computer processes?

    <p>Data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the biggest disadvantage of a computer?

    <p>Inflexibility in executing commands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the limitation related to data storage in computers?

    <p>Data can become corrupted and unrecoverable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the requirement of details imply when using a computer?

    <p>Computers need explicit instructions for tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is machine dependency considered a limitation of computers?

    <p>They cannot handle power outages effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a limitation of computers?

    <p>Freedom from human error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of needing specialist users to operate computers?

    <p>Higher operational costs due to additional salaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intangible benefit of computers can enhance a business's competitiveness?

    <p>Increased flexibility and growth accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a computer's inflexibility affect its operation?

    <p>It requires detailed commands for successful task completion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of RAM in a computer system?

    <p>To store data temporarily while in use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of ROM?

    <p>To permanently store bootstrap programs and control instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about data is correct?

    <p>Data consists of facts and figures used for processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'information' in the context of computer processing?

    <p>Processed data that is meaningful and useful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional measure must be taken due to the security risks associated with computers?

    <p>Adopt additional security measures to protect against malicious users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is stored in RAM while the computer is running?

    <p>Current application software while in use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of data is typically processed to yield information?

    <p>Temporary or intermediate data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are computers considered expensive investments?

    <p>They necessitate significant investment in hardware and upkeep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computers

    • A computer is a combination of electromechanical components.
    • A computer system includes hardware, software, people, procedures, data, and information.
    • The hardware is the physical part of the computer.
    • Software is the instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
    • People operate the computer and create the software.
    • Procedures are the steps for managing the computer and files.
    • Data is the raw facts and figures that the computer processes.
    • Information is the processed or meaningful result that the computer outputs.

    Definition of a Computer

    • A computer is an automatic electronic device.
    • It receives data, processes it according to instructions, and outputs information.

    Main Blocks of a Computer

    • Input Unit: Takes data from the user and converts it into a form the computer can understand. The keyboard is the main input unit.
    • Output Unit: Shows the processed information to the user. The VDU (Visual Display Unit) is the main output unit.
    • Central Processing Unit (CPU): Controls all the functions and processing within the computer.
      • Control Unit (CU): Coordinates all computer activities, including controlling input/output devices, managing data storage, and directing operations.
      • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (comparison, true/false checks).
      • Memory Unit: Stores data, instructions, and information.
        • Random Access Memory (RAM): Temporary storage for actively used data and programs, volatile (erased when power is off), offers fast access to data.
        • Read-Only Memory (ROM): Stores permanent instructions required for booting up the computer, non-volatile (data remains even when power is off), contains firmware.

    Block Diagram of a Computer

    • Shows the data flow from Input Unit -> CPU -> Output Unit.
    • The CPU receives data/instructions from the Input Unit through the Control Unit.
    • The CU transfers this data to the Memory Unit for storage.
    • The data is then processed in the ALU.
    • The CU retrieves the processed results and stores them back in the Memory Unit.
    • The results are then output to the user or peripheral devices.

    Memory Measurement Units

    • Bit: Single binary digit (0 or 1) representing the smallest unit of information.
    • Byte: Contains 8 bits, used to store one character of human language.
    • Larger units: Kilobyte (KB), Megabyte (MB), Gigabyte (GB), Terabyte (TB), Petabyte (PB), Exabyte (EB).

    Intangible Benefits of Computers

    • Offer flexibility, growth scalability, and competitive advantage to businesses.

    Limitations of Computers

    • Inflexibility: Require precise instructions and cannot interpret vague commands.
    • Requirement of Details: Precise information is needed; processes are not intuitive like human interaction.
    • Machine Dependency: Relies on hardware for functioning; system errors or power failures can halt operations.
    • Specialist Users: Effective operation requires specific knowledge and training for personnel.
    • Loss of Data: Electronic storage is susceptible to corruption or loss, potentially unrecoverable.
    • Expensive: Purchasing and maintaining computer systems and peripherals require significant investment.
    • Security and Control: Vulnerable to malicious use, requiring additional security measures.

    Use of RAM

    • Stores operating systems, application software, input data for processing, output data, and temporary data for ongoing operations.

    Use of ROM

    • Stores permanent instructions, such as the boot strap program, which initializes the computer when powered on.

    Terms to Know

    • Data: Raw facts and figures provided to the computer for processing.
    • Information: The meaningful and processed output from the computer.

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    Related Documents

    Fundamental of computer.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computers, including their components, systems, and definitions. Explore the roles of hardware, software, procedures, data, and information in computing. Understand how different units like input and output work together in a computer system.

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